Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Esta investigação se insere nas linhas de pesquisa do Departamento de Didáctica y Organización Educativa en la Facultad de Ciencias de la Educación – Universidad de Sevilla, e tem a intenção de suscitar reflexões docentes sobre Alfabetização Científica e Educação Artística como locus de inserção da  perspectiva interdisciplinar na Formação de Professores, ressaltando a importância da interconexão com a Educação Artística e seu potencial de desenvolvimento da criatividade e integração cultural na unidade aldeia global. Esta unidade indivisível tem a sua riqueza na diversidade, e na maneira singular que o diverso é vivenciado por cada indivíduo nos processos cooperativos e dialógicos na vida cotidiana. Este estudo busca aporte teórico em Norman Lederman, para Alfabetização Científica e seu aspecto interdisciplinar, e na fundamentação teórica sobre Formação de Professores e Desenvolvimento Profissional Docente com Carlos Marcelo García. Para compreensão da Educação Artística se apoia em James Haywood Rolling Jr, Jacques Rancière, Amelia Kraehe, Kendall Crabbe, Dipti Desai, e em Yuval Harari para entender a interconexão disciplinar entre o histórico e biológico.

En este artículo queremos reflexionar y cambiar un paradigma de desarrollo social en la formación profesional para los artistas y/o docentes en situación de discapacidad auditiva en Chile, proponiendo una nueva visión estratégica basada en experiencias diversas y en el acercamiento a las obras de arte interdisciplinares. Sin embargo, este objetivo será capaz de interpretar y demostrar su propósito en la búsqueda permanente de nuestros valores humanos a través del mundo laboral, tanto desde la formación artística para la cohesión social como desde el papel docente para la educación artística. A pesar de esta situación, el contexto actual de desigualdad social es un complejo escenario para conocer y reconocer las obras realizadas y no exhibidas previamente al público. Asimismo, respondiendo a este propósito, la apreciación estética y los estudios interdisciplinares de artes constituyen en sí mismos una aproximación a la problemática de la inclusión social, reforzando una nueva mirada sobre el diálogo interartístico contemporáneo y la cuestión de la materialidad visual-tecnológica.

En este número y en la presente sección Zona Remix publicamos un texto de Richard Stallman. Se trata de un capítulo de su texto Software libre para una sociedad libre. Específicamente nos centramos en el capítulo titulado "La definición de Software libre". Un capítulo fundamental para comprender no solo el movimiento, del que Stallman es fundador, sino para entender los porqués de la necesidad de liberar el conocimiento en sus diferentes dimensiones científica y cultural. La filosofía del software libre procura una liberación del lenguaje informático y con ello facilita las claves para la liberación del conocimiento más general.El texto mantiene: © Copyright 2004 del texto: Richard M. Stallman y © Copyright 2004 de la Edición:  Copyright 2004 de la Edición, Traficantes de Sueños. Se permite la copia, ya sea de uno o más artículos completos de esta obra o del conjunto de la edición, en cualquier formato, mecánico o digital, siempre y cuando no se modifique el contenido de los textos, se respete su autoría y esta nota se mantenga.

Se diseñó un canal de distribución que sea sustentable y sostenible para los productores y manufactureros de bienes que se derivan de la caña de azúcar. El objetivo fue mejorar la socioeconomía del sector rural del cantón Echeandía y así minimizar los problemas que enfrentan para llegar al consumidor final. Dicha oferta no cumple en su totalidad con medidas sanitarias y registros de salubridad, si se considera que se elaboran a través de métodos tradicionales; es decir, sin la utilización de tecnología o herramientas modernas. Con una investigación de campo, descriptiva y bibliográfica y un método inductivo, deductivo e histórico y luego de recolectar información por medios de encuestas y entrevistas, se propuso crear una organización u asociación de productores y emprendedores, a fin de incrementar el poder de negociación y repotenciar las iniciativas de las microempresas, bajo parámetros de fabricación, para así obtener bienes de calidad que sean competitivos a nivel local, provincial y nacional. Con el mejoramiento de la distribución y comercialización, se evita tener dificultades a largo plazo y, más aún, en temporadas invernales que se complica llevar los productos desde la fábrica hasta el lugar de la venta. También es importante realizar campañas comunicacionales para incentivar el consumo a través de mensajes estratégicos hacia el público objetivo. Palabras clave: Distribución, Comercialización, Distribución, Comercialización, Intermediarios, Productos Abstract: A distribution channel was designed that is sustainable and sustainable for producers and manufacturers of goods derived from sugarcane; with the objective of improving the socioeconomics of the rural sector of the Echeandía canton, and thus minimizing the problems they face in reaching the final consumer who, in turn, said offer does not fully comply with sanitary measures and health records, if it is considered They are made through traditional methods, that is, without the use of modern technology or tools. With a field, descriptive and bibliographic research and an inductive, deductive and historical method and after collecting information by means of surveys and interviews, it was proposed to create an organization or association of producers and entrepreneurs, in order to increase the bargaining power and repowering microenterprise initiatives, under manufacturing parameters, in order to obtain quality goods that are competitive at local, provincial and national levels. With the improvement of distribution and commercialization, long-term difficulties are avoided and, even more, in winter seasons, it is difficult to take the products from the factory to the place of sale. It is also important to carry out communication campaigns to encourage consumption through strategic messages to the target audience. Keywords: Distribution, Marketing, Intermediaries, ProductsIntermediarios, Productos

Las nuevas tecnologías se han convertido en un factor esencial para el desarrollo de los países, puesto que su uso conlleva a una serie de impactos positivos tanto a nivel económico y social. Lamentablemente, este sector se ha desarrollado a un ritmo muy lento dentro de la región andina, a consecuencia de falta de políticas públicas orientadas a desarrollar y adoptar nuevas tecnologías, por un lado; y, por el otro, existe una heterogeneidad en términos de políticas orientadas a tal fin. El documento tiene como objetivo establecer propuestas de políticas públicas orientadas a fomentar el uso de la Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación (CTI) en los países andinos, en aras de alcanzar un desarrollo sostenible e inclusivo en la región. Palabras clave: Ciencia; Innovación, Lineamientos de Política; Políticas Públicas; Región Andina, Tecnología. Abstrac New technologies have become an essential factor for the development of countries, since their use leads to a series of positive impacts both at an economic and social level. Unfortunately, this sector has developed at a very slow pace within the Andean region, because of a lack of public policies aimed at developing and adopting new technologies on the one hand; and on the other, there is a heterogeneity in terms of policies oriented to that end. The document aims to establish proposals for public policies aimed at promoting the use of STI in the Andean countries, in order to achieve sustainable and inclusive development in the region. Keywords: Science; Innovation, Policy Guidelines; Public politics; Andean Region, Technology.

The risk of insolvency is related to failure or business closure, for this reason the analysis and management of this type of risk is important. The insolvency risk was applied to the food manufacturing industry in Cuenca in the period 2013-2017, which allowed to determine the bankruptcy risk existing in the companies analyzed, as well as trends of the indicator in relation to the business size. Two models were applied: the business insolvency prediction model of Altman and the logistic model using the maximum likelihood method proposed by Ohlson. Altman’s model showed that companies in the 5 years analyzed are in “Safe Zone” (3,187 points in 2013 and 3,448 in 2017). Similarly, the Ohlson model, showed that in 2013 there was a 20,7% risk of insolvency in the sector, compared to 17,7% in 2017. The results of the analysis indicate that insolvency risk shows a decreasing trend in the analyzed period, which take us to the conclusion that the sector is financially healthy. However, due to the current changing environment and the internal operative management, it is very likely that the values suffer changes. Analyzing the risk of insolvency is fundamental for companies, considering that it will allow them to know the level of bankruptcy risk they have, and based on this, take measures to reduce the risk. Key words: Altman model; food sector in Cuenca;  insolvency risk; Ohlson model.

Bianca Pitzorno is one of Italy’s most famous children’s writers. Her works – more than forty books translated into different languages – often address topics linked to gender identity and femininity. Pitzorno’s novels for children usually depict non-canonical female characters: rebel, dynamic and intelligent young girls that fight against adult injustice in order to affirm their agency. The paper aims to explore female portrayals in Pitzorno’s novels and their potential educational impact in reconsidering gender stereotypes and roles from an early age. Literature is one of the most influential tools in the construction of gender ideals and gender socialization. Consequently, positive female models – as Pitzorno’s characters – should be offered to young readers from an early age in order to foster an inclusive collective imagination about femininity. For instance, Extraterrestre alla pari [Aliens on par] (1979) directly focuses on gender issues telling the story of a young alien coming from a planet where young boys and girls do not know their sex until they reach adulthood. For this reason, they are considered as gender-neutral beings. Likewise, L’incredibile storia di Lavinia [Lavinia and the magic ring] (1985) ironically retells Hans Christian Andersen’s The Little Match Girl working on humor and female agency. Finally, Principessa Laurentina [Princess Laurentina] (1990) deals with adolescence and family dynamics, offering different portrayals of female identity, from a young age to adulthood. Because of the brilliant and nontraditional depiction of female figures and the deconstruction of gender canon in a simple but captivating way, Pitzorno’s novels should be internationally considered in primary school curriculums as a starting point to introduce gender diversity in reading programs and to discuss gender issues with the help of adult figures such as teachers, educators and parents.

The purpose of this research is the construction and psychometric evaluation of seven categories of recall and recognition tasks for the measurement of young spectators’ theatrical memory, based on the respective theatre codes of a specific performance for young spectators. The aim of those tasks is the evaluation of the young spectators’ mnemonic recordings on a level a) the actors’ representation of the characters on stage (acting), b) the visual frame of the performance, c) the audio code d) the lights, e) the dramatic text, f) the plot/action and g) the Shadow Theatre technique. The recall and recognition tasks were constructed according to the Classical Test Theory of Question Analysis on a sample of 5th Grade Primary School pupils (i.e. ten-year-old pupils), who had seen this specific performance addressed to young spectators and were evaluated with the Factor Analysis method. For the evaluation of the quality of the questions, we took into consideration the difficulty coefficient of each question, the discriminant coefficient and the evaluation of the correlation level of expert judges. For the psychometric control of the tests we examined the validity of their conceptual construct via inquiry factor analysis and the internal validity coefficient. The result of the above tasks was the creation of seven reliable and valid measurement tools, in which no gender effect is inferred.

El siguiente trabajo ofrece una revisión en torno a las prácticas pedagógicas especialmente en el área de lengua y literatura. Un recorrido sobre las propuestas llevadas a cabo en diferentes facultades de educación tanto en el ámbito anglosajón como en el contexto español. Bajo la premisa de que la literatura puede transmitir unos determinados valores, estas investigaciones han experimentado con propuestas de lecturas de temática LGTBQ. A continuación, muestra una investigación llevada a cabo en la Facultad de Educación de Alicante, en la asignatura de Didáctica de la Lectura y de la Escritura, cuyo propósito principal consistía en incluir estas lecturas diversas con el fin de concienciar a los y las futuras maestras de la importancia de abordar estos temas en el aula de primaria, valorando y analizando una serie de álbumes ilustrados y favoreciendo grupos de discusión en torno a estas obras y a su posible uso. En las conclusiones se puede observar cómo, a pesar de que todavía se manifiestan algunas voces en contra, la mayoría del alumnado muestra su receptividad a incluir en sus clases estos temas; además se muestra predispuesto a desarrollar un pensamiento crítico en torno a las obras y a la representación de la diversidad afectivo-sexual y de género en los textos.

The last twenty years have seen a proliferation of books for young people dealing with trans experience and issues. This article charts the emergence of transgender fiction for children and young adults, and its development during that period. It will address several questions arising from this phenomenon. How does the representation of trans experience differ when presented for a child readership rather than adults, and for younger children rather than adolescents? How are the representations of gender identity, gender expression and sexuality affected by considerations of audience? What are the tropes (or clichés) of trans fiction, and how have they changed? Whose points of view do the stories represent? Does it matter whether their authors are themselves trans? Is it more possible today than twenty years ago to assume some knowledge in child readers, or must every story “start from scratch”? There is no single answer to any of these questions, but the article will note some of the trends discernible over a range of texts published in English since the start of the century, and describe some of the challenges in writing texts about trans experience in the future.