Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The popular vision and of a part of the historiography presents the Spanish Holy Office as a jurisdiction full of exceptional elements, especially harsh in its penalties and especially cruel in the application of torment and certain punishments, such as the penalty of galleys. However, a preliminary analysis of these issues, comparing both jurisdictions, throwing a different image.

Despite the great influence that the Black Legend of Spain has had on the cinema in the representation of the Holy Office in audiovisual content, it is possible to rescue some works with great historical rigor. One of them is The Holy Office of Arturo Ripstein. In this Mexican film, the story of the Carvajal family is narrated, which will be processed twice by this court.

Colonial legacy is noticeable in the juridical and institutional definition of independent states. This phenomenon is more remarkable in Latin America where Hispanic has begun and has been used as an identification, belonging and national unity element. Colombian Constitution of 1886 shows the strong influence of Spanish colonial institutions and the important and special role played by Catholicism in Latin America.

El Objetivo de la presente investigación, fue desarrollar un modelo de usabilidad de aplicaciones móviles en matemáticas para la educación en la básica elemental, se utilizó el paradigma cuantitativo con enfoque Inductivo–Deductivo y Analítico, se aplicó una Investigación Descriptiva y Bibliográfica. La población utilizada fue los alumnos y docentes de la básica elemental de la Unidad Educativa Dr. Luis Aveiga Barberán Siglo XXI, la muestra que se aplicó fue discrecional tomando dos alumnos por cada uno de los cursos y tres docentes del área. Las técnicas utilizadas fueron la encuesta y la entrevista dando como resultado el desarrollo de un modelo de usabilidad de aplicaciones móviles en matemáticas para educación básica elemental. Palabras clave: usabilidad, aplicaciones móviles, educación básica, matemática, El Carmen. ABSTRACT The objective of this research was to develop a usability model of mobile applications in mathematics for elementary basic education, the quantitative paradigm with an Inductive-Deductive and Analytical approach was used, a Descriptive and Bibliographic Research was applied. The population used was the students and teachers of the elementary basic of the Educational Unit Dr. Luis Aveiga Barberán Siglo XXI, the sample that was applied was discretionary taking two students for each of the courses and three teachers from the area. The techniques used were the survey and the interview resulting in the development of a mobile application usability model in mathematics for elementary basic education. Keywords: usability, mobile applications, basic education, mathematics, El Carmen. Fecha de recepción: 21 de mayo de 2020; Fecha de aceptación: 07 de julio de 2020; Fecha de publicación: 09 de julio de 2020.

Objective. to describe the histopathological features of gastric cancer from a tertiary care hospital. Methods. a descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was conducted in 103 patients. The inclusion criteria were: being 18 years of age or older, have upper digestive endoscopy study and pathological study with a diagnosis of adenocarcinoma. Exclusion criteria: not having and examination and/or a gastric biopsy result, having a diagnosis compatible with other types of malignancies. The data were drained in a questionnaire from the epidemiological surveillance registry of the Hospital’s oncology service. Results. the average was 67 years. Gastric cancer presented in 83,5% in over 50 years of age. The most affected age group was between the sixth and eighth decade (54, 6 %), with a similar frequency of presentation in men (50,5 %) and women (49,5 %). The sites of gastric involvement were: anthro corporeal in 71 (68,9 %), antrum 23 (22,3 %), pylorus 5 (4,9 %), gastric fundus 2 (1,9 %) and cardia 2 (1,9 %). Only in 50 (100 %) cases was a histological study carried out, of which the most common variety of gastric cancer found was the diffuse type in 33 (66 %) cases and the intestinal type in 17 (34 %). Poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma occurred in 24 (48 %) cases; moderately diffentiated in 15 (30 %); mixed carcinomas in 6 (12 %) cases. Conclusions. it is concluded that diffuse gastric adenocarcinoma with involvement of more than on anatomic region is the most frequent and the poorly differentiated histological type is the most common.

Objective. To describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with tuberculosis (TB) in the province of Leoncio Prado, 2017. Methods. Research is quantitative, descriptive, retrospective and transversal. Population comprised of 145 cases diagnosed with TB, determined by the tuberculosis surveillance system, 2017. Results. Estimated incidence was 10.6 cases per 10,000 inhabitants. 79.3% (115/145) had bacteriological confirmation. In the age range (15 to 59), 2.1 % (3/145) were HIV positive. The frequent location was pulmonary 87.6 % (127/145) and extra pulmonary 1.4 % (18/145). Contact with tuberculosis patient 40.7 % (59/145), contact with deceased 3.4 % (5/145), comorbidity is associated in 7.6 % (11/145) such as diabetes, pregnancy, cancer, asthma and corticosteroids therapy. Population at risk 13.8 % (20/145) in schools/institutes/universities, healthcare workers and inmates of penitentiary and police centers. The associated social factors are alcoholism 10.3 % (15/145) and drug addiction with 6.9 % (10/145. 65.5 % (95/145) were cured who correctly complied with the treatment; 6.2% died (9/145). Conclusion. Users with the highest risk of TB are individuals with HIV infection, alcoholism, drug addiction, comorbidity, located mainly in schools, institutes, universities and healthcare centers. For an adequate control, an early diagnosis and differentiated interventions according to risk groups are necessary.

As expected, sooner rather than later, the COVID-19 pandemic arrived in Huánuco and, as in every community, has caused collective hysteria, expressed in the fear and desperation of coming face to face with death. In spite of the desperate actions and dispositions dictated by a government whose health sector has proven experience in previous epidemics from which it came out well; such as the cholera that, in 1991, claimed 323,000 affected people and 2,900 deaths, much less than in other countries.

In the 2019 coronavirus disease pandemic (COVID-19) caused by the SARS-CoV2 virus, the majority of patients present general and respiratory symptoms, some atypical gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, dermatological or neurological symptoms. In the case report of a 40-year-old male patient, without any important epidemiological history, diagnosed with COVID-19 by rapid immunological test, who presents with a sudden ischemic stroke. In the CT scan of the brain without contrast, a large ischemic area is evident in the left cerebral hemisphere in the middle cerebral artery territory, accompanied by edema. In patients with COVID-19, infected with the SARS-CoV2 coronavirus, the possibility of the patient having a cerebrovascular accident (CVA) should be taken into account, to allow adequate and timely management.

Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), is caused by coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2). It uses the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 receptor (ACE2) to invade human bodies. In December 2019, an unprecedented outbreak of pneumonia of unknown etiology emerged in Wuhan City, Hubei Province of China. The outbreak was reported to the WHO on December 31, 2019, who on February 11 named it COVID-19. Latin America was no exception to this public health problem. On February 25, 2020, the Brazilian Department of Health confirmed the first confirmed case of a 61-year-old Brazilian man. Currently, despite rigorous global containment and quarantine efforts, the incidence of COVID-19 continues to rise, with 3,435,894 laboratory confirmed cases and more than 239,000 deaths worldwide. In response to this global outbreak, we will conduct an epidemiology review regarding Latin American.

The Peruvian State has declared 2020 as the "Year of Universal Health", expressing a desire and right of all Peruvians, as set forth in the Political Constitution of Peru (1). Traditionally, health is conceived as "absence of disease", the latter being understood as a state of alteration of the organism, which disturbs its normal functioning. In 1947, the World Health Organization (WHO), in its Magna Carta, defined health in positive terms as "the state of complete physical, mental and social well-being", and not merely as the absence of disease. From this conviction has emerged a new vision of health, called the biopsychosocial model, moving away from the thesis that to speak of health is to speak of disease.