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546,196 artículos
Año:
2020
ISSN:
2707-6954, 2707-6946
Galimberti Oliveira, María Cecilia; Prado Juscamaita, Justina Isabel; Gutarra Vara, José Bernardino
UNIVERSIDAD DE HUÁNUCO
Resumen
Objective. To know cultural and emotional factors of diabetic patients facing the disease. Methods. Methodology was qualitative, with ethnographic design. Sample comprised 10 patients, with type 2 diabetes, workers of Universidad Nacional Hermilio Valdizán de Huánuco to whom a semi-structured interview was applied, and data analysis was carried out with the program Atlas.ti. Results. The diabetic patient shows cultural differences that include the subject and their experience of illness. Illness limits patient’s social life. The important values found are settled fundamentally in family support and in feeling productive assuming responsibilities. Their cultural representations do not match their cultural practices since, in theory, they know what to do to adhere to treatment (diet, exercise, and take medicine) but in practice they do the opposite. Diabetic patients are influenced by their behavior due to the illness or condition: It constitutes a set of emotions, feelings and experiences that affect the patient's health. They associate the disease with the emotions and feelings they experience in their social life. These emotions transform your body and your life. The critical situations or strong impressions they experience will increase their blood pressure and also blood sugar levels. Conclusion. The cultural patterns of the diabetic patient, their ways of thinking and acts are determined by their living conditions and by a series of factors: sociocultural, economic and emotional.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
2707-6954, 2707-6946
Mucha Hospinal, Luis Florencio; Alania Contreras, Rubén Darío; Aliaga Salguero, Javier Juan; Suarez Reynoso, Liz Miriam
UNIVERSIDAD DE HUÁNUCO
Resumen
Objective. To characterize and compare the knowledge, attitudes and nutritional practices of students of Dentistry, Psychology and Obstetrics at the Universidad Peruana Los Andes de Huancayo. Methods. Basic type of research and non-experimental, cross-sectional, descriptive comparative design. The sample which was non-probability and intentional, was composed of 35 Dentistry, 35 Psychology and 35 Obstetrics students. It was applied the “questionnaire on knowledge, attitudes and nutritional practices of university students”, validated by the judgment of three experts in human nutrition. Results. It was found that 66.6 % of the students consumed three meals a day, 52% had breakfast inter-daily and 45 % daily; 86.7 % consumed food in the kiosks adjacent to the campus and 48.6% had breakfast during school hours. Knowledge of the function of dairy products was 96 %, meat 76.3%, sausages and hamburgers 49.7 %, fruits 78.3 %, edible vegetables 91 %, soft drinks 38.7 % and sweets 63.7 %. Conclusions. According to the necessary nutritional competences in students of Health Sciences, there are deficiencies in the knowledge, attitudes and nutritional practices of the studied population; with relevant percentage differences among the three careers.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
2707-6954, 2707-6946
Ruiz-Aquino, Mely
UNIVERSIDAD DE HUÁNUCO
Resumen
Objective. To describe the social-healthcare characteristics of the families in the town of Huánuco. Methods. It was a study with a quantitative approach, a descriptive type and a transversal design. The population was 1555 families, the sample being 373, selected probabilistically by strata. An interview guide of the general characteristics and typologies of the lifestyles was applied. Frequency and proportion measurements were used. Results. Analyzing the demographic characteristics of families, it was found in a higher proportion [56.8% (212)] that the father is the one who assumes the role of head of family. 27.9% (104) were between 40 and 49 years old. A total of 37.3% (139) declared that they were married; 59.5% (222) were involved in operating machinery and equipment; 28.2% (105) had completed high school; 70.8% (264) were Catholic and 14.2% (53) were beneficiaries of some government social program. The type of family, in 57.1% (213) were nuclear families. When describing the characteristics of the health status, 80.2% (299) did not present any health problems. The place where they went when they got sick [(44% (164)] was, in greater proportion, the hospital. With respect to the type of family lifestyle, 34.9% (130) had a formalist lifestyle. Conclusions. Patriarchal and nuclear families predominate, with average adults such as heads of families, married, with full secondary education, catholics and, in a great proportion, do not present any health problems. The predominant lifestyle typology was the formal one.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
2707-6954, 2707-6946
Guio, Heinner; Ortega, Raúl
UNIVERSIDAD DE HUÁNUCO
Resumen
The SARS-CoV-2 virus infection that has us in the midst of a pandemic that changed the course of humanity, not only affected and consumed the lives of many patients, but also took care of destroying and taking the lives of those responsible for defending it: medical, nursing and health personnel in general. When we trained in medical school, we did so out of conviction and always thinking of protecting the health and lives of others, but we never did so thinking of sacrificing our own lives. This pandemic has shown us that, despite the great advances in medicine, the era of antibiotics, molecular biology, the ability to create life in the laboratory, the billions of dollars spent on medical technology and the immense amount of ink used to publish articles in medical science journals, we are still not prepared to face a new virus that is invisible to the human eye, but which has already killed more people than the two atomic bombs of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
2707-6954, 2707-6946
Mazeres Gaitero, Francisco Javier
UNIVERSIDAD DE HUÁNUCO
Resumen
Despite having been one of the first countries in the region to decree a state of health emergency and to take exceptional measures to prevent its spread, the most recent accounts of the evolution of the COVID-19 pandemic leave no doubt as to the magnitude of the tragedy on a national scale. Peru is now among the ten countries with the highest number of infections in absolute terms worldwide (second in Latin America after Brazil), in addition to leading the mortality rate in relative terms.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
2707-6954, 2707-6946
Tarazona-Herrera, Karen Georgina
UNIVERSIDAD DE HUÁNUCO
Resumen
Objective. To determine the effectiveness of oral administration of 10 % dextrose in neonatal pain during venipuncture at Regional Hospital Hermilio Valdizán of Huánuco, 2018. Methods. Quantitative, quasi-experimental, cross-sectional, prospective, analytical and comparative study. Two groups were analyzed of 103 neonates each, with intentional non-random sampling. In the case of the group of Neonatal Intensive Care Unit A area, 10 % dextrose was administered 2 minutes before venipuncture. While the control group in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit B area received nothing. Pain was identified one minute after venipuncture with the Neonatal Infant Pain Scale. Results.In the first group, the absence of pain (67.00%) and mild pain (30.10%) predominated. In the control group, moderate pain (39.81%) and intense pain (41.75%) prevailed; being statistically significant (p=0.000); when comparing the same as the significant intervening variables. In consequence, the neonatal period (p = 0,000), post prandial time (time after food intake) (p = 0,000), gestational age (x2 = 61,2929.617 and x2 = 50,085, p = 0,000), antecedent of venipuncture (p = 0,000), sex (p = 0,000 ), evidenced the effectiveness of dextrose at 10%. Conclusion. The 10% solution used was effective in neonatal pain, regardless of the intervening variables studied.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
2707-6954, 2707-6946
Rojas-Bravo, Violeta; Torres-Rojas, Harold
UNIVERSIDAD DE HUÁNUCO
Resumen
Objective. To demonstrate the effectiveness of educational tips as a reminder method in fulfilling healthy self-care of elderly persons (EP). Methods. The study was longitudinal, prospective and with intervention: before-after developed in 20 EP, belonging to the program of the Centro Integral del Adulto Mayor (CIAM) or Comprehensive Center for the Elderly of Municipality of Pillcomarca, in the province of Huanuco, Peru, during the year 2018. An interview guide of general characteristics of the sample and a questionnaire of compliance with healthy self-care was applied. Counseling sessions were developed using the educational tips through home visits. Student's t-test was used for related samples, in order to contrast the hypotheses and the bioethical principles were taken into account. Results. Regarding the analysis of compliance with healthy self-care of EP, it was found that, before the intervention, 35 % (7) had correct knowledge of healthy self-care. While, after it, 95% (19) achieved correct knowledge [t = -5.50; p = 0.00]. When contrasting the effectiveness of educational tips as a reminder method in the fulfillment of healthy self-care of EP, during the moments of the study, it was evident that, before the application of the tips, 30% (6) complied with healthy self-care. While, after the intervention, it increased to 85% (17). Conclusion.The intervention developed through educational tips as a reminder method is effective in fulfilling healthy self-care.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
2707-6954, 2707-6946
Nieva-Villegas, Lilia Maria; Carhuachuco-Rojas, Elsy Sara; Gómez-Gonzales, Walter Edgar
UNIVERSIDAD DE HUÁNUCO
Resumen
Objective. To characterize the gastric problems of user population of the Regional Hospital of Huancavelica Zacarias Correa Valdivia in the years 2015-2017. Method. It is a descriptive, cross-sectional, non-experimental, retrospective and bibliographic study, with a bibliographic review of the Health Information System (HIS) and medical records of patients treated with gastric problems in the years mentioned (n = 3261). Results. It was evidenced that 67% of the population are women. 34.7% were born in the Huancavelica region. 93.7 % had office work. 78.1% were users of the gastroenterology service. 93.7 % did not report their discharge status. 34.5 % did not have a health insurance system, and 61.7 % of the population suffered from nonspecific chronic gastritis. Patients diagnosed with gastric problems represented 64.9% of cases in 2015, 55.4% in 2016 and 64.3% of total consultations in 2017. Conclusion. Women presented the highest frequency of diagnosis of chronic non-specific gastritis, as well as young people and young adults for the year 2017 according to the total number of diagnoses retrospectively observed in the HIS report
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
2709-2275
Gonzales Agama, Nelly Aurelia; Gonzales Agama, Sara Hermelinda; Bazán Baca, Juan Francisco; Choquehuanca Saldarriaga, Carlos Alberto
Llamkasun
Resumen
The objective of the research has been to determine the relationship that exists between learning styles and academic performance in the Operational Research course of students of the IV cycle of FCAUNAC. In this sense, a questionnaire has been applied to 80 students to determine their learning styles; an exam to measure conceptual performance and another to measure procedural performance; to measure attitudinal performance, a checklist has been applied. Once obtained, the data were organized in a database, which allowed us to describe their behavior and infer the degree of association between the research variables, for which we used the Pearson correlation coefficient, the analysis of variance and Tukey's test. SPSS and Minitab were used for the calculations. The result of the research is that the more orientation towards a learning style the students obtain a higher academic performance and that there are no significant differences in the average performance of the students if we compare each type of performance with the different styles, but this does not occur the same if we make a comparison of academic performance with styles, in which case there is a superiority in visual style.
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Año:
2020
ISSN:
2709-2275
Muñoz De la Torre, Rossibel Juana; Hinojo Véliz, Dante Italo; Cárdenas Pineda, Lina Yubana; Mendoza Vilcahuaman, Jenny
Llamkasun
Resumen
La resistencia bacteriana por el uso de cefalosporinas está aumentando cada año y el objetivo de esta investigación ha sido determinar la relación que existe entre los factores asociados y la resistencia bacteriana por uso de cefalosporinas en pacientes del Hospital II EsSalud de Huancavelica. El tipo de investigación es observacional, transversal, con el nivel correlacional y diseño de investigación utilizado fue relacional. La población estuvo conformada por 209 pacientes que estuvieron hospitalizados de los cuales a través de las historias clínicas y sus antibiogramas que tuvieron como indicación médica la realización de urocultivo, del Hospital II EsSalud de Huancavelica durante el año 2017, siendo 127 casos de resistencia bacteriana y 82 sin ella. Los resultados indican que existe asociación significativa entre la resistencia bacteriana por uso de cefalosporinas y el tratamiento incompleto. Se concluye que la resistencia bacteriana a los antibióticos se relaciona con el consumo de éstos ya que, la presión selectiva que ejercen, favorece la creación, adaptación y diseminación de mecanismos de resistencia a los antimicrobianos. Esto se refleja en una progresiva disminución de la sensibilidad de los microorganismos a los antimicrobianos utilizados habitualmente para el tratamiento de las infecciones.
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