Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The Santa Eulalia Sub-basin is essential for Lima city. It provides water for its population, which is almost the third part of the national population. This article focus on the expectation and interests on water of the actors of the Sub-basin, as well as the ones beyond it, like Lima city. The new Water Law (2009) and the subsequent norms pretended to overtake the traditional approach to managing water as a resource to turn to an integrated management that, among other things, considers social, economic and environmental dimensions and apply a participative basin-based approach. Nonetheless, go from the promise to reality represents a big challenge. The first section of the article presents a general context of the Subbasin its actors and its relation to Lima city in the framework of relations between urban and rural areas. The second section explains the dynamics between the water users in the Sub-basin and Lima city, pointing out some of the conflicts for the resource and the alternatives being developed for water governance. In the third section, I present a critical review of IWRM, including critiques to development and peace studies. This leads to think that IWRM as is being implemented is insufficient ot inetgrating local needs and visions oant erw.

This paper has three sections. Firstly, I explore what the term technoscience does mean. I justify the relevance of the term on both a) the empirical evidence that social studies of science bring up, and b) the philosophical redescription that Heidegger offers on the relationship between science and technique. Secondly, I show up the irony that emerge when we consider technoscience as [the] «factor of modernity». This irony arises, according to Gianni Vattimo, from «the transformation of the world in a place in where there are not facts anymore but interpretations. From this circumstance follows the transformation of the potential for domination of technoscience, which has occupied the critical work of the Frankfurters, into the normative ideal of reducing violence. Finally, I show how this ideal should be understood: the ideal of reducing violence must be understood as care. Following Agnes Heller, I explain how care, to be real, implies a double moral duty: responsibility before others and resurrection of nature. I insist that both the responsibility to others and the resurrection of nature can only be genuine if the Others and the Other (nature) constitute not an xteeriority, but a pta rof who we are.

The objective of the research was to analyze the influence of the guidelines in the «Programa de Segregación en la Fuente y Recolección Selectiva» of the districts of San Martin de Porres and Ate; as well as, the comparison of the evolution of each segregation program from 2011 to 2017, using a descriptive approach. The research presented the description of the current situation of the use of solid waste in Peru, the manifestation of recycling at lawful devices, and the description of each segregation program of both districts. Likewise, the research analyzed the amount of solid waste collected, management conventions, and the valuation of environmental benefits in kg of CO2 avoided from both segregation programs. In conclusion, in 2017 Ate presented a bigger amount of solid waste collected than San Martín de Porres, it was a different of 254,4 tons. Also, Ate presented three more management conventions than San Martín de Porres, which represent an advantage in order to acquire greater benefits for its program. In terms of valuation of environmental benefits, Ate exceeded by 400.543 kg of CO2 to San Martín de Porres. The great results of the three guidelines analyzed led Ate to present itself as an exemplary municipality with a program that has a strategic base, with a view to sustainability.

In Andean communities, many families whose livelihoods depend on farming and raising livestock are exposed to increasing degradation of their ecosystem and to food insecurity. The objective of this paper is to examine the extent to which families use migration strategies, based on multi residence and migratory circulation, to diversity their sources of income and mitigate the consequences of ecological degradation on their living conditions. The results are part of a socio-demographic research conducted in 2015 and 2016, which focused on domestic strategies for addressing environmental problems in a sample of 203 families living in five high Andean communities around Lake Titicaca. Most of families have migrant members and young adults between ages 20 and 35 represent the largest number of them. Nevertheless, their departure does not constitute an explicit form of adaptation to the ecological degradation. The quest for better conditions and opportunities in urban territories as well as interests related to their life stage and cycle, are the main determinants of their migration decisions. Despite the ecological problems affecting families, the desire for personal autonomy of the migrants is the main impetus for migration and there is no family organization based on multi residence and circular migration as an explicit livelihood for adaptation to environmental deterioration in rural areas.

It is attempted to show the possibilities of symbolic representation under an interdisciplinary approach, from Art and Architecture applied to the peripheral problems of the environment and to their reconstruction from the territory, evidencing a symbolic heritage based on the production of cartographies that show ethical-aesthetic values as a possibility of representation of the visual memory contained in the belonging processes occurring in the city of Metropolitan Lima.How could we view these reconstruction processes made by our memory around the spaces where we live and participate or how could migration paths be evidenced from that perspective? A methodology is proposed based on three phases of recognition of a personal route of rearrangement of individual history which starts from topographic knowledge of the territory in the reconstruction of personal experiences, to develop then cartographic sketches for the viewing of their implication in the reading of migration processes, as well as collective problems.This methodology will be explained through the development of three specific projects. Individual visual and installation artworks «De Reducto n. 2 a la Portada de Maravillas: Hacia el Descanso», «La Ruta de 50 Años» and Group Project «CO(HABITAR)».It can be recognized that the viewing of migration processes, from their symbolic aspects, represent diverse variants of recognition of the events experienced in the territory implying various layers of a reading that before being illustrative could be viewed through the processes of artistic expression, depending on the different origins of their participants and their experiences in the city. Those processes reconstruct the time lived as a cartographic set that can be viewed.

Given the unbalanced urban development, the rapid economic growth and the various migrations toward the capital, Metropolitan Lima has become in a chaotic center where noise surpass the recommended exposure levels given from the WHO. Because of that, it has been decided to analyze noise in the capital in order to compare the results with other countries and to study the law that regulates noise pollution and finally to discover the reasons why noise is a problem to be solved. The comparison between Lima, Bogotá and Santiago concludes that noise levels in Santiago are lower and better controlled than Lima and Bogotá, while these ones share almost the same reality in terms of noise levels. Talking about legal framework, each country has an appropriate normative system, but in the case of Perú the legal framework began at least 10 years late because Chile and Colombia had started at the nineties. Furthermore, Chile keeps one step ahead due to its environmental noise management plan in which exposes mitigation solutions. According to all of these factors, make sense that Chilean society is in the state of the art in terms of managing noise pollution than ours and its reality is more alike to a country with high expertise in acoustics in the world.Following this model, it is important that our authorities think clearly about noise pollution and take as a kick-off the analyze in this study to improve the environmental noise management in Lima and Peru.

This research was developed in order to analyze the management and management of mercury-containing lamps and to identify the health and environmental risks related to their mercury content. Taking into account that mercury is a natural and toxic substance, which once released into the environment it can remain and circulate in air, water and soil. It also causes a wide range of systematic effects in humans (kidneys, stomach, lungs and nervous system). In Peru, the lamps are considered as waste of electrical and electronic equipment (WEEE) at the end of their useful life. The environmental problem they present is their mercury content, is not essential for any metabolic process and is bioaccumulable in living beings. Taking into account the risk it represents, many countries of the world, including Peru, signed the Minamata Agreement, and have been implementing national planning and management instruments to implement a correct waste management of the mercury. As part of this commitment, Peru has been drafting the National Plan for the Application of the Minamata Convention on Mercury, which aims to specify actions to protect human health and the environment from anthropogenic emissions and releases of mercury and mercury compounds. It concludes that lamps, at the end of their useful life, constitute a hazard due to their mercury it contains; a proper management is an important factor to reduce the risks to human health and the environment.

The present research corresponds to a review on the investigations carried out based on the exposure of a diversity of fish to different concentrations and types of plastic waste, either through direct intake, exposure to contaminated environments or by transferring them through the trophic chain. In the development, a description of the types and degrees of affectations that this waste causes to the fish is presented; likewise, a comparison of the results obtained by some authors in their experiments has been included. As a result of the analysis carried out, it has been concluded that the waste is easily assimilated by fish, regardless of their size and that due to their small size, microplastics act as aquatic vectors capable of transporting organic and inorganic materials on their surface to cause potential damage to marine organisms that absorb them directly or indirectly.

The article reviews an environmental assessment of a proposed airport in an area of high Andean wetlands with high natural, cultural and socioeconomic value. Besides a deficient base line, this paper proposes that a poor environmental certification and enforcement process allowed that the characterization of the environmental impacts of the proposed airport did not consider that the Chinchero high Andean wetlands are to be affected. The author reviews the applicable legal framework and concludes identifying actions that the authorities of the environmental management system must take to correct the insufficiencies and to be able to accurately assess the environmental impact of the proposed airport over the high Andean wetlands.