Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

1) A system of protection for arterial walls designed to prevent ihe traumatic action of the intra-arterial hemodynamic force, is described. When, owing to whatever circumstance, this artery-protection system ( A.P.S.) fails hemodynamic arteriosclerotic lesions are brough about. 2) A.P.S. in vol ves: a) fatty cellular envelopes which surround most of the economyarteries; b) in the hcart and major vessels, it is completed by pericardiac serous envelope and the intra-toracic negative pressure; c) in the arteries of the pulmonary system the negative pressure of the pulmonary parenchyma is the main protective component; d) the arteries of the central nervous system are immersed in C.S.F. wich in term makes up a means of parietal protection. 3) Hemodynamic arteriosclerosis is caused by several mechanims: a) contact of a hard tissue wi th the artery; b) immedia te contact of two arteries; c) in certain cases, in the areas of origin of the arterial branches which arise perpendicularly or at the arterial bends; d) owing to ischemia of the arterial walls, as a result of obliteration of the vasa-vasorum because of hemodynamic arteriosclerosis of these supplying vessels. 4) At surgery, A.P.S. 'hould be preserved so far as possible in order to prevent the  evelopment of post-operntive arteriosclerotic lesions.

A survey is carried out of the use of pre-operative cytological puncture for diagnostic purposes in 31 patients with abdominal cancer, with primary manifestations in lhe pancreas, biliary duct and colon, and secondary ones in the liver, lymphnodes and omentum. Attention is drawn to the simplicity and harmlessness of the procedure the possibility it offers to investigate distant or little accesible areas, and its repeated use with hardly any loss of time. Available results demonstrate the usefulness of cytologic puncture as a diagnosticaid in the detection of tumor processes met with in the course of abdominal operations. Also dealt with the circumstances wherein it may substitute a biopsy discardedas hazardous or impracticable and how it helps in supplementary diagnostic information when associated with the ferogoing pathological assay.

1) Lesions of the vena cava and the large abdominal venous trunks in cases of abdominal injury are infrequent but ;with a high deathrate. 2) One such case is reported here. Anabdominal blunt trauma, involving the superior mesenteric vein, lower vena cava and intestinómesenteric lesions followed a favorable course. 3) The treatement of such lesions isdiscussed in sorne detail.

The advantages of treating left colon occlusions due to cancer in one single operation, are discussed. The procedure involves removal of the tumor and re-establishment of intestinal continuity. Two cases where this aproach was used, are reported upon. In one ·there was a 3 year survival despite the existe-nce of a hepatic tetastasis that was resected at an early stage.

Forty-four cases of perforating abdominal wounds . are reported. Of these, one died in hospital ( 2,2 % ) , and two followinga long term course of 3 and 8 month, respectively. The complication and causes underlying these fatal outcomes are discussed.Resucitation measures, operative timeliness, approach and technique, as well as post operative management, are dealt with.

The surgical treatment of renal echinococcosis is discussed in the light of wide local experience. A detailed survey is carried out of possible methods from conservative proceduresto radical ones, that is, from mere marsupialization or direct or indirect cystectomy to partial nephrectorpy or total cystectomy. Attention is drawn to the advantages of renal gammagram for surgical indications, as well as the likelihood of conservative treatment in conjunction with transcystic pyeloureteral drainage.

1) 4 clinical observations of abdominal radic visceral lesions are presented2) Clinical and pathological considerations and interpretations of the origin of these lesions are made3) A classification by stages is carried out that implies a treatment concept4) It is emphasized the importance that to carry out a definitive treatment it is necessary to wait for the wound healing period.

A case of plain ulcer in the transverse colon is reported upon. .This localization is of very rare occurrence ( 2-3 % of findings). The diagnosis was based on clinical findings and preceded the pathologist's report. Pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy are discussed in conjunction with the various forms of the ulcer and with clinical cour.se ( plain, callous, inflammatory tumor, perforating and hemorragic complications).

A case of mechanical occlusion of the small intestine is reported upon. Attention is drawn to the importance of X-ray survey as a diagnostic aid. Treatment involved devolvulation and pexia, in view of the general and humoral state of the .patient.

El estudio radiológico con Hypaque del tránsito digestivo infradiafragmático en el postoperatorio inmediato muestra: 1) hipoquinesia gástrica; 9) importancia de la postura en la evacuac10n gástrica; 3) rápido pasaje duodenal; 4) visualización del duodeno a los 30 minutos o más en pacientes con retardo global del tránsito; 5) tiempo píloro-ciego promedia!de 3 horas y 27 minutos, y siempre menor de 8 horas; 6) persistencia del contraste en el colon hasta el límite del tiempo de observación (24 horas); 7) impermeabilidaddel intestino sano al Hypaque. Se analizan distintos factores que inciden en la inhibición de la motilidad gastrocólica y se plantea la posibilidad de reflejos visceroviscerales a punto de partida gástrico que actúan sobre la motilidad colónica.