Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Two native wine Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains (Sc 00/30 and Sc 00/35), previously selected at brewing laboratory scale, for their fermentative capacity, ß-glycosidase activity, and good sensory characteristics in brewing musts, were applied and characterized for industrial brewing. Belgian Specialty Ale style beers were brewed at a craft brewery. Inoculations were carried out on malted barley musts in 225-litre oak barrels. The physicochemical and sensory data obtained are within the expected ranges for beers of this style, with the Sc 00/30 strain standing out for its lower volatile acidity value and improved sensory complexity, with a greater diversity of fruity notes, mainly apple and pear. The sensory descriptors found make them interesting strains for the production of Belgian style beers (Belgian Golden Strong Ale), wheat beers (German Wheat Beer, Weissbier), smoked beers (Rachbier) and fruit beers. The pilot scale tests reproduced the results obtained in the laboratory, so that the use of wine native Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains provide a brewing differentiation factor which decreases the standardization of flavours and aromas produced by commercial yeasts, making possible the obtention of beers with a Uruguayan identity in the future.

Honey is a complex food that bees make from nectar and honeydew, incorporating their own substances. Its composition varies according to floral origin, area and weather conditions. The protected area Estero de Farrapos in Uruguay has natural conditions that attract beekeepers to produce honey, which they sell in bulk. Characterizing these honeys and differentiating them by geographical and botanical origin constitutes an opportunity for commercial valorization. Thirty samples of honeys from apiaries from this region were studied, evaluating physicochemical characteristics (color, humidity, hydroxymethylfurfural, electrical conductivity, free acidity, pH) and melisopalynological characteristics. The results for humidity (17.3%), Hydroxymethylfurfural (6.16 mg/Kg) and free acidity (30.2 meq/Kg) allow to confirm its bromatological quality and the use of good handling practices in production and processing processes extraction. The parameters color (90.5 mm Pfund) and electrical conductivity (0.5854 mS/cm) could be used to characterize these honeys, helping to differentiate them by botanical and geographical origin. The honeys studied have a high pollen richness with the pollen spectra that allow them to be associated with the production region. Many turned out to be monoflorals of the native species Scutia buxifolia and Blepharocalyx salicifolius and several are very close to being so. An adequate production protocol could optimize this characteristic to its full potential.

This investigation characterized and quantified the effects of land uses and anthropic activities on a landscape configuration over a period of 15 years from 2000 thru 2015 within the catchment area of Laguna Garzón in Uruguay. For this end, four official data layers of land uses based on remote sensing techniques were used based on a Geographic Information System approach. In addition, landscape metrics were computed in order to evaluate the landscape fragmentation process. The results showed that in the last 15 years those anthropic classes, including afforestation and cultivated areas, experienced surface size growth, while natural areas experienced a reduction. Furthermore, a high quantity of changes from anthropic activities took place in the southern region of the watershed, particularly cultivated areas that have been concentrated there since 2008. Landscape metrics revealed that the landscape within the protected area of Laguna Garzón experienced habitat fragmentation during the 15 years period. 

Recently in Argentina the cases of diabetes mellitus (type 2) in adults have increased considerably due to overweight, obesity and a sedentary lifestyle. This has generated a greater interest in functional foods, which provide health benefits due to their contribution of pre and probiotics, antioxidants, fibers, healthy fats, among others. In this work a healthy snack was prepared containing tubers, cereals, seeds that could provide soluble and non-soluble fibers, inulin that acts as an antiglycemic agent, phenols that are antioxidants and a mixture of fructose, glucose and collagen as a binder agent. The optimal composition of the binder was determined by an experimental design of mixture with restrictions (Design Expert), to determine the amount of glucose, fructose and collagen keeping the rest of the components constant. The maximum and minimum glucose and fructose content was restricted in order to obtain the highest proportion of collagen, while maintaining acceptable chewiness. The snacks were prepared and the formulation was optimized through texture profile analysis. Based on the obtained responses, 3 possible formulations emerged, the snacks were prepared and a sensory analysis was carried out. Chemical analysis was carried out for the formulation that emerged as the most accepted one.

Purified anthocyanin extracts were obtained from pitanga fruits (Eugenia Uniflora L.) and characterized by visible spectroscopy and FTIR, and the stability up to 85 ° C evaluated. These anthocyanins were mixed with different amounts of Mg2 +, Al3 +, Cr3+ at different working pH, finding the optimal complexation ratio for each system. The systems were also characterized by redox measurements, obtaining an oxidation potential close to 1 V for all cases, confirming the favourable characteristics of the compounds evaluated for their use in DSSC cells. FTIR confirmed the binding of anthocyanins and metal complexes to TiO2. The DSSC cells evaluated showed maximum conversion efficiency values of 0.24 % in complexes with chromium.

The Uruguayan coast presents upwelling events during the summer, its implications on the distribution, transport of nutrients and organisms; and their effects on the entire food web, have not been previously analyzed. This work seeks to understand the relationship between the upwelling events and the location of the Uruguayan coastal industrial fleet (B Category). Finite Size Lyapunov Exponents (FSLE) were computed from surface current velocity fields. The temporal averages of these exponents indicate the mixing intensity and presented higher values over the region of more intense upwelling. On the other hand, the maximum FSLE values identify convergence fronts. The fronts identified by this methodology correspond to the turbidity front and close to Montevideo, and temperature fronts directly associated with the upwelling event. During the event, these fronts migrated from the coast, to the southwest and offshore. The location of the frontal regions detected was compared with the satellite position (VMS) of B Category coastal vessels of the Uruguayan fishing fleet. In general, the vessels were positioned on the frontal zones, suggesting a relationship between retention processes and the location of target species; and evidencing the need to deepen the study of these processes.

The ability of some microorganisms to stimulate the growth and development of plants is known. However, the use of residual yeast from the artisanal brewing industry as plant growth promoting agents (PGPM) has been briefly studied. The aim of this work was to characterize and analyze the use of residual yeast from the brewing industry in hydroponic vegetable crops. We evaluated the effects of yeast addition on plant growth of Eruca vesicaria, Arabidopsis thaliana y Lactuca sativa with this technique. A significant increase in the principal root length was observed after the treatment with the yeast suspensions in A. thaliana and E. vesicaria grown relative to the control (SN 4.28 ± 0.15, S05 7.30 ± 0.29; SN 39.68 ± 2.20, S05 57.37 ± 2.80, respectively). In floating hydroponic systems, yeast inoculation to the hydroponic solution increased the root area of ​​L. sativa by 30% in relation to the control. Our results confirm that Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain J14 from the brewing industry may confer benefits in hydroponics crops with positive effects on root growth. These results validate the potential application of S. cerevisiae strain J14 in plant cultivation in hydroponic as a biotechnological tool.

The aim of this work was to re-evaluate and find a use for human consumption of a by-product of the industrial brewing process, that contributes to the development of the circular economy.Grain powder is a by-product, obtained during the industrial brewing of beer and consists of a mixture of corn and barley, in an undefined proportion. Proximal characterization of the grain powder was performed followed by product development applying extrusion technology. Regarding the proximal characterization (humidity, proteins, ashes, fats and fiber), its high fiber content was highlighted. The development of products (snacks) was carried out taking into account the fiber content to obtain products with the claims “source of fiber” and “high in fiber” on their labeling according to the MERCOSUR regulation. A single screwextruder was used (constant speed of 150 rpm constant, temperature of 130 ℃) varying the humidity of the mixture, and the proportion of ingredients to achieve the highest consumer acceptability. The extruded snack with the highest acceptability was compared with twocereals from the market. It was possible to obtain a product ready-to-consume (product) using a by-product of the brewing process as a functional ingredient, with nutritional value, such as fiber content, beneficial for the prevention of non-communicable diseases.

Fecal contamination is one of the main freshwater quality problems worldwide. One of the proposed solutions for this problem is the treatment of the effluents at domestic orlocal level with microbial consortia such as effective microorganisms from native origin (MEN in Spanish). In this work we evaluated the ability of a MEN formulation produced in Uruguay to reduce fecal contamination in domestic effluents. To achieve this, experimentswere carried out at different scales, from in vitro to domestic septic tanks and in a section of the Malvín stream (in situ), combining liquid with solid MEN formulation and using fecal coliforms (FC) and particulate organic matter as performance indicators. Both at the laboratory level and in the septic tanks, CF decreased significantly after 8 weeks ofapplication. In the Malvín stream, a decrease in CF and a visual recovery of the water course were observed, with increased transparency and dissolved oxygen  concentration. The results from this work suggest that MEN application to domestic wastewater represents a promising approach to reduce fecal contamination of freshwater andemphasize the need to change the manufacturing habits and management of septic tanks.

The objective of the research was to determine the electrical resistivity of the wood of Pinus pseudostrobus, Tabebuia rosea and Quercus scytophylla in the directions of anisotropy. For this, 20 solid wood specimens of each of the species with dimensions of 20 mm × 20 mm × 20 mm in the radial, tangential and longitudinal directions, respectively, were prepared, and the density and moisture content of the wood were determined. wood. To carry out the electrical resistivity tests, the electrical resistance was measured using direct current with a test voltage of 1000 volts. Moisture content was for P. pseudostrobus 12,6 %, for T. rosea 10,6 % and for Q. scytophylla 15,6 %. The average transverse electrical resistivity was for P. pseudostrobus 45,5 MΩ m, for T. rosea 10,3 MΩ m and for Q. scytophylla 61,4 MΩ m. The longitudinal electrical resistivity was for P. pseudostrobus 24,7 MΩ m, for T. rosea 2,.2 MΩ m and for Q. scytophylla 19,6 MΩ m. The magnitudes of the longitudinal resistances measured in the three woods are similar to those of the woods reported in the literature. Another finding was that the resistivity values show differences between the anisotropy directions of the wood and between the species studied.