Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In Costa Rica the existing knowledge about narcoviolence, the violence related to drug trafficking and local drug-dealing, is sparse and very much fragmented. This article aims to show what is, at a national level, the state of the art on this topic. Unifying the existing knowledge on narcoviolence makes it possible to offer an analysis and synthesis that can be useful to those that, in the public sector and in civil society, want to understand what the main characteristics of this phenomenon are to then implement new solutions. In particular, we explain the country’s understanding of organized crime, what we know about the impact that international drug trafficking has on the national context, how the local drug-dealing groups are organized in urban-marginalized communities, and what the social causes of this problem are. Secondly, the existing gaps in the literature are indicated, demonstrating possible routes for future academic research.

Starting from the concept of agency and from a sociology based on the theory of structuring, we analyze the phenomenon of political participation of Amazonian indigenous organizations and their responses to the mining development plan of the Amazonian region of Venezuela known as the Orinoco Mining Arc. For this, we pay attention to the mechanisms of political pressure and popular participation (assemblies, protests, denunciations, statements, etc.) carried out by indigenous organizations between 2016 and 2018, as well as to the electoral results in the Amazon territories from 2013 to 2017. The realization of this work was possible through a multi-method strategy, considering historical data, participant observation and interviews with indigenous leaders, intellectuals and participants of social movements. The data were organized following the Key Actor Mapping method. We concluded that the Orinoco Mining Arc represented a rupture in the political and electoral sphere between indigenous organizations and chavismo, within the framework of an intensification of mining extractivism in the Venezuelan Amazon.

This research explores alternatives to the forms of land management built by Mapuche communities south of Villarrica National Park (PNV). Like other conservation units, the establishment of the PNV implied making ancestral practices invisible and distancing them from the material and symbolic wealth present in the territory. Before the policies of the dominant development model that places its interest in the tourist potential, in the goods and in the ecosystem services present in the zone, the content that the communities give to this area from their own capacities becomes relevant, looking for an alternative type of development that facilitates experiencing self-determination and facing impoverishment. We conclude that the territorial re-appropriation of the PNV is fundamental to overcome immaterial poverty and that the communities have their own tools to manage the territory autonomously and synergetically. 

The article aims to investigate the role of the religious-evangelical-pentecostal device, as a tactic of governmentality, in the management of the confinement based on the description of its origin, growth and consolidation in the prisons of Santa Fe (Argentina). Practices and speeches that were object, on the part of the penitentiary service, of absolute rejection, then moderate acceptance and finally coordinated action. In this sense, we will also seek to reflect on the social order, the set of reciprocities and the narratives that characterize it, since this will allow us to understand the senses that enable and sustain this positioning in the framework of a punitive institution such as the prison in the province of Santa Fe.

The Free Trade Zone of Iquique has been a sustained engine of economic development in the Tarapacá region, in northern Chile. Since its creation, it has been a transit space for goods and people that connects Tarapacá with the West Central South America. In geographic terms, this space turns out to be key for circulation due to its border position. Therefore, it is an attractive niche for employment. What are the employment conditions that it provides to migrant women? From interviews conducted with migrant women working in the industrial zone of the Free Trade Zone, it is concluded that the job offer in this area is precarious and offers difficulties to perform administrative procedures that allow women to regularize their migratory status. 

El auge de la globalización en los años 1990 hizo plantear a muchosintelectuales la idea del fin de las fronteras, algunos más aventureros expresaronque entrábamos en una “era postcolonial”, en la cual el Estado-naciónera fuertemente cuestionado (Appadurai, 1996). Sin embargo, desdeentonces hemos sido testigos del “retorno de las fronteras” (Amilhat-Szary,2006). Con dolor e impotencia hemos visto la multiplicación de muros fronterizos,más de treinta muros desde el 11-S, quince solamente en el 2016(Moras, 2016). Este fenómeno denominado “fronterización” (Grimson, 2003)ha significado

This paper presents a reflection on labor expectations and representations of work developed by youth in the city of Iquique in relation to mining productive sector. It provides an analysis in terms of educational careers and social capital accumulation, and how these elements can gradually determine the professional path of these young people.

La necesidad de crear sentido dentro de las realidades femeninas, marginadas y recluidas en los lugares de la privacidad, genera la puesta en acción de un pensamiento propio desde ese particular espacio de enunciación. La mujer se advierte en medio de un sistema patriarcal definidor y determinante de su realidad. Realidad a la que decide significar a partir de su personal diferencia. La búsqueda de su comprensión como figura femenina es producida en la entrada de una modernidad posible de ser deconstruida en el discurso de un pensar en femenino articulado en las narraciones de Teresa de la Parra, Tarsila do Amaral, Frida Kahlo y Amalia Peláez. La acción de estas mujeres es iniciada desde su interioridad para ubicarse en un mundo de existencias, donde las realidades son vislumbradas a partir de los campos propios de los saberes de la feminidad.

Este trabajo intenta una lectura comparativa de algunos textos de la Crónica de Indias y de los llamados Escritos de la Nueva Francia, a la luz de la tradición historiográfica y retórica de la Antigüedad grecolatina.