Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Description of the use of cartographic materials in Petróleos Mexicanos (PEMEX), from information, maps and institutional geographic information systems, highlight the most important applications today.

El Atlas está dirigido a personas con diferente deficiencia visual, esta versión en Braille presenta, mediante símbolos los límites políticos administrativos a nivel provincial, utilizando como mecanismo de lectura una secuencia de puntos, con el objetivo de ser percibidos a través del tacto por las personas con discapacidad visual, de esta manera se generó cartografía táctil a la que se sumó dos tipos de recursos gráficos para complementar su representación, estos son: 1. Con color y texto y, 2. En relieve (alfabeto Braille)

To participate as a guest editor for this special isssue dedicated to the theme of “Inclusive Cartography”, has been a major opportunity to gather several different authors who have been working for more than a decade in the area of visual disability fundamentally. The results of this in various of the experiences described and included, enable all those who can use their sense of touch, with or without disability, to be benefited. ...

Objective: To describe an experience of implementing a health and sexuality workshop by family health residents with students from 8th grade classes from a public school in Florianópolis. Experience report: Workshops were organized in the form of monthly meetings, with 8th grade classes of morning and afternoon shifts, from the Hilda Teodoro Elementary School, located in the Trindade neighborhood, Florianópolis, from March to December, 2017. The meetings were performed in small groups, with 16 students per class, organized in circle allowing the interaction and participation of all members, lasting from 45 to 90 minutes. During the workshops, lectures, dynamics and conversation were developed, stimulating adolescents to wonder, discuss and reflect about the importance of topics such as teenage pregnancy, sexually transmitted diseases, sexual orientation and gender identity, machismo, contraceptive methods and anatomy of the reproductive organs. Discussion: Through the experience, it was noticed active participation and rich contributions by the adolescents, mainly of the girls, evidencing considerable interest on the subject of sexuality, especially teenage pregnancy and contraceptive methods. The speeches and points of view highlighted the changes taking place in Brazilian society, towards gender equality and women’s empowerment. Conclusion: Health and sexuality workshops organized by family medicine and family health residents represented a relevant opportunity to interaction amongst Family Health Strategy Residence Programs, Family Health Strategy teams and communities, using the school scenario as a tool for health promotion and social empowerment.

Introduction: The informal caregiver (IC) provides assistance to disabled people without any financial gratification. Many stress factors are associated with the task of taking care of others, leading to physical and emotional deterioration. Studies indicate that approaches involving physical activity have a positive impact on the reduction of depression, stress, anger and overload presented by the IC. Objective: To reduce IC overload with a view to enabling the task of caring by acquiring tools for overload management. Methods: The data collection of ICs overload was made using Zarit scale from a previous database of 90 patients classified as “dementia” and 50 as “mental retardation”. 13 IC’s express their interest to be part of the project. The intervention consisted in health education sessions; yoga classes; establishment of a support group. The participant’s degree of overload and their satisfaction were assessed. Results: IC were mainly women (92%), with average age of 62 years. All scheduled sessions took place, with 23% participants withdrawing. Moderate to severe or severe overload level reduced from 92.3% to 60% at the end of the intervention and all participants classified the project as “good” or “very good”. Discussion: The project fulfilled the initial planning. Decrease of the IC overload was noted as evidenced in other studies. The limitation is the difficulty of IC in performing other activities besides then taking care of its dependent. Conclusions: The intervention had a positive impact in the ICs and the main goals were achieved. The health team continued this project through a partnership with a local social solidarity cooperative.

Objective: To analyze the current state of the vaccination coverage (VC) of children under three years old in the city of Fortaleza, CE, and its relation with the socioeconomic status of the families. Methods: A population-based cross-sectional survey with random sampling, information was obtained through questionnaires applied and Health Booklets conferred to the vaccination status, as well as ecological human development data. VC was estimated in children between the ages of 19 and 36 months. Results: It was observed that 45.2% of studied children presented a VC recommended by the Ministry of Health. In addition, socioeconomic factors which are determinants of vaccine coverage were identified and that areas not covered by community health agents have worse coverage. Conclusion: The present study reveals that it is necessary to strengthen actions that increase VC in the municipality.

Municipal statutes, Senate resolutions and imperial constitutions referred to the prohibition of building demolition without certain guarantees. This reveals the Roman concern  about the preservation of the urban environment. In this article we shall explain what measures and resources were employed in order to prevent the generation of building rubble and protect an interest other than individual

During the last decade, there has been a growing number of published works about burn severity of forest fires using remote sensing data for both natural resources management and research purposes. Many of these studies quantify changes between preand post-fire vegetation conditions from satellite images using spectral indices; however, there is an active discussion about which of the most commonly used indices is more suitable to estimate burn severity, and which methodology is the best for the estimation of severity levels. This study proposes and evaluates a Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) Automatic Learning Algorithm for mapping burn severity as an alternative to regression models. We developed both these methods using GeoCBI (Geometrically structured Composite Burn Index) field data, and six different spectral indices (derived from Landsat TM and ETM+ images) for two forest fires in central Spain. We compared the capability to discriminate burn severity of these indices through a spectral separability index (M), and evaluated their concordance with GeoCBI-based field data using the coefficient of determination (R2). Afterwards, the selected index was used for the regression and MLE models for estimating burn severity levels (unburned, low, moderate, and high), and validated with field data. The RBR index showed a better spectral separability (average between two fires M= 2.00) than dNBR (M= 1.82) and RdNBR (M= 1.80). Additionally, GeoCBI had a higher adjustment with RBR (R2= 0.73) than with RdNBR (R2= 0.72) and dNBR (R2= 0.71). Finally, MLE showed the highest overall classification accuracy (Kappa= 0.65), and the best accuracy for each individual class.

The complex volcano of Cayambe in Ecuador represents a potential threat, especially for populations that base their economy in floriculture. In this work, we present: 1) spatially modeling the eruption scenarios of the volcano, 2) spatially modeling the potential impact of these risk scenarios by lahar and ash affectation; and 3) evaluate the socioeconomic impacts of eruption scenarios modeled by ash fall through a statistical analysis of numerical simulations of eruptive scenarios and areas affected by lahars taken from the new hazard map of Cayambe. Thus, it was determined that an ash depth of 20 to 50 mm would be the main issue, covering 81.46% of the surface with losses amounting to USD 320 million in plants and greenhouses. In the case of lahars, the losses would occur on the grounds. In the case of primary lahars, there might be an estimated loss of USD 45 million and in secondary lahars; the loss might be about USD 15 million. Results obtained in the simulations have a better level of detail than those obtained in previous years by the available cartographic information of the sector and the computational tools utilized. This ties in with Cayambe's deposits and can be managed for the decision-making in the interest of the affected populations, considering that an eruption of the Cayambe volcano requires careful attention for its high local and national socioeconomic impact because flower exportations are an important economic sector for the country.

Estimating biomass of terrestrial vegetation in tropical forest is not only a rapidly expanding research issue, but also a subject of high interest for reducing carbon emissions associated with deforestation and forest degradation (REDD+). The aboveground carbon density estimates (ACD) based on field inventories and airborne sensors, especially LiDAR sensors have led to a substantial progress in large-scale mapping of forest carbon stocks. However, these carbon maps have uncertainties generally associated with the calibration of the regression model used to produce these maps. This work establishes a methodology for calibrating and validating a general ACD estimation model using LiDAR in Ecuador’s Yasuní National Park. The size and location of the plots are considered in the model calibration phase as well as the influence of topography and spatial distribution of biomass. For the adjustment and validation of the model a stratified sampling scheme by topographic positions (valley, slope and ridge) is proposed. The validation of the general model for the study area showed values of RMSE= 5.81 Mg C ha-1, R2= 0.94 and bias= 0.59, while considering the topographical positions, the model showed values of RMSE= 1.67 Mg C ha-1, R2= 0.98 and bias= 0.23 for the valley; RMSE= 3.13 Mg C ha-1, R2= 0.98 and bias= - 0.34 for the slope; and RMSE= 2.33 Mg C ha-1, R2= 0.97 and bias= 0.74 for the ridge.The results show that the stratified sampling methodology taking into account topographic positions, effectively calibrates the general model with field estimates of ACD, reducing RMSE and bias. The results show the potential of LiDAR data tocharacterize the vertical structure of vegetation in a highly diverse forest, allowing accurate estimates of ACD, and knowing continuous spatial patterns of biomass dis- tribution and carbon stocks in the study area.