Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The processes of mass removal are recurrent geological processes and represent a latent threat in the State of Guerrero, due to its link whit extraordinary hydrometeorological events. In several studies that characterize these processes, Remote sensing techniques are applied, and the information is integrated through Geographical Information System (GIS). The model of susceptibility to mass removal processes included the interpretation of physical factors that intervene in these processes, which were characterized by different thematic maps. The final generation of the model consisted in the final accumulation of the individual contributions of each factor (Recondo, 2000; Hervas y Barredo, 2001: Hervas et. al., 2002), which represented a zoning by susceptibility index; the corroboration of the data was carried out through an inventory of lsndslides, generated through online image interpretation, applying the Google Earth tools. The results indicated that the model of susceptibility to mass removal processes allows to identify and effectively categorize the risk zone, in addition it was determined that the lithological, structural, topographic factors and the hydrometeorological events of September 2013, were the ones that caused the incidence of most recorded landslides.

Nowadays, the most central themes of Geodesy are linked to the provision of a unique  Global Reference System, to which can be tied of unique form and with sufficient accuracy the geometrical and physical global changes. The Global Geodetic Reference Frame aims at better structuring Earth Observation Systems currently with prospects of the global changes determination at the level of one part per billion, considering several geometric and physical parameters. In this context, it is intended that the International Height Reference Frame, realization of the International Height Reference System, has an overall consistency of at least one centimeter in its realization and space/temporal control in the order of millimeter per year. Considering these aspects, it was analyzed the temporal evolution of the Imbituba Brazilian Vertical Datum utilizing tide gauge data from the sea level obtained from: Permanent Service for Mean Sea Level (1948 to 1968), University of Hawaii Sea Level Center (2001 to 2007) and Permanent Tide Gauge Network for Geodesy (2006 to 2016), and data from different altimetry missions from 1991 to 2015 obtained from the database of the Deutsches Geodätisches Forschungsinstitut. As like as, data obtained from GNSS continuous positioning of period from 2007 to 2016 from Brazilian GNSS Network for Continuous Monitoring, which were used to modeling the local movements of the crust. The results allowed discriminating the crust movements in relation to the sea  level. To achieve it, the trend of sea level variation evidenced by the tide gauge was used, as well as the variation of the vertical component obtained with the GNSS processing and the Sea Surface Height obtained from the satellite altimetry data. level. 

The present paper intends to develop an alternative methodology for prediction of normal-orthometric heights through Brazilian Legal Amazon Rain Forest, a region that imposes logistical-operational difficulties for fieldwork and in which there is considerable precariousness in the Brazilian Fundamental Altimetric Network (BFAN), evidencing the need to improve the network in question to fully align with the current recommendations for the achievement of the International Height Reference Frame. An alternative strategy is based on GNSS observations and the use of global geopotential models (GGMs); alternatively, it uses the national geoid model MAPGEO2015 to evaluate employability. To do so, an approach in three different variants is performed: a) use of absolute and relative approaches for altimetric determination; b) use of GGM extracts obtained in different degrees of development and MAPGEO2015; and c) the use of geoid height and height anomaly for normal-geoid height modeling. Data regarding GNSS observations are extracted from the stations of the SAT-GPS network, coinciding with BFAN stations, with information of both ellipsoidal and normal-orthometric heights; GGMs extracts are obtained pointwisely for the main current combined MGGs. Given the low mean accuracy of data in the study area and its low linkage with BFAN, it is chosen to adopt a test area —the state of Paraná— best suited for elaboration and solidification of the strategy for a later application in the area of study. 

This paper belongs to the communicative paradigm of Cartography. Its objective isto reveal cognitive experiences during the interpretation of a dasymetric map. The problem is posed to pre-grade students, who are close to finish their bachelor’s studies in Geography and aim to increase their cartographic skills. Various tests are conducted around five types of experiences recorded in a semi-structured interview. Within the results it is noted that the participants tend to privilege less thoroughness in the resulting map, this is demonstrated through the inspection of their appreciations and their identification efficiency; nevertheless, the method leaves in them assertive messages of its qualities.

The geomatics sector is going through a data overload scenario which new geospatial datasets are generated almost daily. However there are few or nothing infor- mation about the quality of these datasets, and they should be evaluated aiming to provide users some information about their quality. In this context we propose a solution for the automatic quality evaluation of geospatial datasets using the web services platform. This approach is compound by automatic evaluation procedures for quality control of topological consistency, completeness, and positional accuracy described in the Brazilian quality standard. Some procedures require an external dataset for comparison purposes. Hence we provide a set of synthetic datasets and apply over them an experimental design aiming to select suitable methods to find the correspondences between datasets. The solution has an interoperability tier that links users and automatic procedures using the standardized interface of Web Processing Service (WPS). Our results showed that the automatic procedure works very similar to the manual one.

Thanks to colorimetric techniques and unsupervised classification methods, can be vectorized and ploted the pollutants discharged evolution in the sea with respect to time and Landsat space, which, in practice, lowers the cost of research and allows for greater spatio-temporal coverage. This paper presents the case study of Bahía de Banderas, Jalisco-Nayarit, Mexico, where the detritus discharge by the Ameca River was studied in the period 2006-2014 through a combined product of LandSat and Modis images and with the analysis of the spectral signatures of the different bands that present these satellites, the percentages of the dissolved organic matter in the feathers are inferred.

The present work deals with the cartography produced about the city of São Paulo between 1877 and 1930 and how this cartography interfered in the way the city was seen and constructed in the period. We begin from the configuration of the metropolitan urban and its extension, so that the questions which guided the research revolved around the city’s sprawling’s logic. The city was designed for such structure or was it a product of the real estate market? Is this spreading due to socio-spatial inequalities or is it one of its causes? And, finally, if the maps interfered in the production of the sprawled city. Through a geo-historical approach and methodology of New History of Cartography map analysis, which constitutes in the deconstruction of cartographic objects through the understanding of the context in which they were elaborated, the thesis was developed. Therefore, the first part of the work is the contextualization of the period through existing bibliography, in addition to the analysis of the São Paulo City Hall’s minutes and annals, and the main deputies’ and mayors’ reports, aiming the comprehension of the period and the way in which the municipal patrimony —as lands belonging to the municipality— was being appropriated by the real estate market in the city’s construction, while obeying the code of posture that, since 1875, required that the municipality was mapped. With the objective of analyzing whether the maps would have performance capability in the geographic space, that is, if they acted as operators in the construction of the sprawled city, we also opted for unfolded analyzes of cartographic semiosis for a better understanding of the phenomena ofself-reference and iconization. 

In recent years, the incidence of attacks by crocodiles in Costa Rica has increased, which is associated with the development of human activities in areas considered as optimal in what I determine as the species’ potential habitat. Given the above, the present investigation proposes the identification of zones of interaction between the crocodile and the human being from the integration of physical-geographic variables through Geographic Information Systems (GIS). In this way, a theoretical compilation was carried out to identify the physical-geographical variables that make up the crocodile's habitat (slope, drainage network, flood areas and land use coverage), as well as the socio-environmental variables that influence the alteration and loss of habitat of the species (number of neighborhoods, population density, density of roads, and coverage of land use). Likewise, case records were integrated with crocodiles assisted by the fire department. It was possible to demonstrate that most of incidents occur in areas with high interaction (areas where a wide variety of anthropic activities are carried out within the potential habitat of this reptile.) In addition, the results obtained in the investigation constitute an important input in the decision-making at the policy and territorial order level in the Central Pacific Region, since tourism is one of the main economic activities that can be threatened by an attack by this species.

The meteorological phenomena are events that develop in the atmosphere and are associated to a specific place. The objective of the project “Sharing the hidden history of climate change in Latin America through ICT” is to retrieve and georeference the news about meteorological events recorded in the written press of the 19th through the first half of the 20th century, of the countries involved in the project: Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico and Uruguay and develop semantic models, transforming the original information collected to increase interoperability according to the principles of Linked Data and W3C standards. The terminology to be modeled is obtained by an analysis of the domain based on the paradigm of Domain Analysis of Birger Hjorland. The digitized press by the National Libraries of the countries involved and the language used by their national meteorological institutions and the World Meteorological Organization is examined. The analysis shows a uniform use of language, in terms of geographical distribution, as temporary, with little synonymy and only one case of apparent polysemy. The METHONTOLOGY method is applied to develop the ontology of Eventos_Meteorologicos. It makes it possible to retrieve nonvisible information from National Libraries with information retrieval techniques and natural language processing. Its developments are applicable to other digitized documents from other disciplines.

In this paper, we use online digital footprints (i.e., geotagged photos from ‘Panoramio’) of Lisbon’s visitors, between 2007 and 2014, as a sensitive proxy for exploring tourist spatiotemporal behavior within the city. We identify the visitors’ photos from the overall dataset (> 75,000 photos) by looking at photos’ timestamps, resulting in a sample of 17,604 photos from > 5,000 users. This empirical evidence suggests that the spatial distribution of visitors is not homogenous. Then, we assess the spatial relation between the observed pattern (geographical agglomeration of visitors) and an initial set of 24 variables regarding city tourism offer. Findings from the multiple regression analysis, show that ‘Monuments of public interest’ are the elements with higher attractiveness. Furthermore, some areas located within the historic center appear underestimated, despite their significant tourism appeal considering the selected variables.