ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
2448-5799
González-Bustamante, Bastián
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Resumen
This paper analyzes three dimensions of elite-mass congruence in Chile and Uruguay: (a) ideological; (b) public issues, support, and satisfaction with democracy; and, (c) economic preferences on the role of the State. Data from probabilistic national surveys and surveys on elites financed by IDRC-Canada and carried out from 2013 to 2014 in each country are used. Congruence indexes are calculated to identify gaps between citizens and representatives. The main indexes used are Relative Citizen Congruence and Earth Mover’s Distance, a recent innovation borrowed from computer science. The findings show a greater ideological congruence in Chile, a greater congruence on support to democracy in Uruguay, and important gaps on education issues in Chile. Furthermore, in both countries there is greater congruence regarding relevant public issues between higher socioeconomic level population and the political elite.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
2448-5799
Fernández-Romero, Diana; Sánchez-Duarte, José Manuel
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Resumen
This article explores the political militancy exercised through a social media site by the feminist movement in Spain, analyzing the resources used to communicate and disseminate the strike call for March 8th, 2018 through the social network Facebook. For this, the level of activity of two accounts has been studied in a comparative way: one of national scope, Huelga Feminista 8M, and another one of regional coverage, Feminismos Madrid. The exploration was carried out on the contents published during the two weeks prior to March 8th, also including this date. We wanted to detect, by means of a quantitative study, the main frames used in Facebook messages, their contribution to knowledge on the call for a strike or onthe feminist movement and the origin of discourses. We conclude that the fabric of alliances before and during the call contributed to the creation of a feminist community willing to exercise online and offline resistance and to politicize the reasons that led to the strike.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
2448-5799
Jabbaz, Marcela; Samper-Gras, Teresa; Díaz, Capitolina
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Resumen
The study which this paper refers to aims to identify the internal and external factors comprised in the gender pay gap in a scientific institution. The research is based on the case of the University of Valencia, with secondary data from the 2015 payroll register. We measured the adjusted pay gap by worked hour, the doubly adjusted gap (by hour and category) and triply adjusted (by hour, category and compensation supplement). Such gap appears in all staff categories, which is reinforced by the presence of children. The magnitude of the gap and the weight of the diverse wage components varies between professional categories and fields of knowledge. We conclude that gender pay gap is not the result of a difference in merit between male and female academics, but of the functional structure of universities and of the general social structure.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
2448-5799
Comins-Mingol, Irene; París-Albert, Sonia
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Resumen
The article addresses the intellectual legacy of philosopher and peace researcher Vicent Martínez Guzmán. His theoretical and conceptual proposal of philosophy for peace will be presented in dialogue with the theory of the imperfect peace by historian and researcher for peace Francisco Muñoz. Both authors significantly contributed to the development of peace studies in Spain and Latin America, a legacy we want to revisit, bringing to light the potential of their proposals as analytical and normative frameworks of peace, as well as the synergies and confluences between their approaches. To that end, recognition and care will be taken as analytical lines. From the conceptual tools of philosophy for peace and imperfect peace, recognition and care will be examined as competences for peace, which we can, and should, normatively reconstruct in the common goal of moving toward building cultures for peace making.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
2448-5799
Omar, Sidi M.
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Resumen
The article seeks to propose a dialogue between post-colonial studies, which represent a critical approach that aims to address the multiple effects of colonialism within (post)colonial cultures, and the proposals of Philosophy for Peace expounded by Vicent Martínez Guzmán. The objective of this comparative approach is to examine the possible concurring points between the two projects as well as their respective contributions with a view to promoting cultures for peace and intercultural dialogue. Apart from their criticism to hegemonic systems of knowledge and their associated forms of violence, both projects also carry out a reconstructive task by proposing an education for peace that seeks to reconstruct the normative horizon that makes explicit our competences to make peace(s) and increases peaceful coexistence in a world that is becoming increasingly globalized and interrelated.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
2448-5799
Vidal-Molina, Paula; Vargas-Muñoz, Roberto
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Resumen
This article offers an analysis of the notion of liberal-Marshallian citizenship in the light of the impact that neoliberalization processes have. We describe an approach to the hypothesis that neoliberalism does not allow the realization of the notion of Liberal-Marshallian citizenship due to the dispossession of social rights, indebtedness and growing precariousness of work, and wealth concentration. For that, it addresses two levels of analysis: a conceptual one, about the notion of citizenship, focused on the liberal idea; and, a second, which identifies the determinations of contemporary dependent capitalism and the limits of the kind of citizenship that can be built within those parameters in a neoliberal context. Methodologically, the article tries to develop a heuristic interpretation of the work of several authors, as primary and secondary sources.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
2448-5799
Becerra, Gastón
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Resumen
The irruption of complexity in the 1970’s and 1980’s motivated a certain diagnosis of crisis as regards science and scientific knowledge. Clarifying the scope of this diagnosis is key to understand the meaning acquired by “complexity” in two particular programs: the Theory of Complex Systems (TSC) by Rolando García, and the Theory of Social Systems (TSS) by Niklas Luhmann. To advance on this goal, we propose a counterpoint on 3 particular problems –the scope of explanations and scientific predictions, interdisciplinarity, and the social and transforming nature of knowledge– which we address with each program’s metatheoretical characteristics and epistemological assumptions. We conclude by advocating an interpretation of TSC in which a more moderate position is observed than that in TSS in the controversy of complexity.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
2448-5799
Martínez-López, José Ángel; Martínez-Gayo, Gema
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Resumen
The law changes implemented by the Spanish government during the economic crisis started in 2007 have led to a restructuring of the pharmaceutical co-payment system. The aim of this research is to analyze what legislative changes have been introduced in health policy in Spain and how these reforms are influencing access to medicines. A methodological triangulation has been developed through the review of the specialized bibliography, analysis of the legislative changes as regards the pharmaceutical copayment implemented by the Spanish government as well as the most relevant databases with our object of study. Our research confirms that a social polarization is taking place in the Spanish population in relation to access to drugs, improved by a system of copayment that is not very progressive and does not take the needs of each social group into account.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
2448-5799
Guijarro-Ojeda, Juan Ramón; Ruiz-Cecilia, Raúl
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Resumen
This paper investigates the way LGTBI+ people are represented by conservative and progressive Spanish newspapers. With this purpose in mind, a corpus has been compiled with news items published regarding the ratification of the legal nature of homosexual marriage in Spain on November 6, 2012. As a method, we have analyzed transitivity and the semantic roles of processes as an instrument of the Critical Discourse Analysis methodology. The main results reveal that there is a substantial difference between conservative and progressive newspapers: the prominence given by the conservative press to LGTBI+ people represents just one third of that displayed by the progressive press; the conservative press reduces the levels of consciousness, voice, cognition, desire, emotion and perception as compared to the progressive, which strengthens them. Finally, the conservative press uses negative processes as an LGTBI+ people’s intrinsic feature; whilst the progressive uses them to reveal social injustice against them.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
2448-5799
Martinic, Rodolfo; Stecher, Antonio
Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México
Resumen
The article presents the main findings of a research on the social experience of the workers of the Department Stores in the retail sector in Chile, an economic field that has experienced a profound process of modernization and productive restructuring in Latin America since 1990. The research was driven by the theoretical approach of François Dubet’s sociology of experience and resorted to a qualitative methodology that included 31 interviews with sale workers of the three major department stores in the country and six interviews with key actors in retail, which were analyzed through the codification procedures of the Grounded theory. The results describe the logics of action (integration, strategy and subjectivation) and the specific modalities in which they articulate to give rise to three figures of work experience: engaged, blocked and in transition. The conclusions elaborate on the study’s contribution to the field of Labor Studies in Latin America.
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