Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The increased volume of data in this digital age is enormous, the task of analyzing, processing, identifying and classify them for to have a good data mining system where we can index the information contained regardless the amount and data type, it is no easy task. That is the reason for it is becoming more necessary to develop more effective methods to facilitate these tasks automatically. This paper presents an overview of different works performed throughout the world that use data compression techniques as a basis for developing a classification method, these techniques are based on Kolmogorov Complexity and use this complexity for implement a similarity metrics between data. The main contribution of these methods is, no need a feature extraction process for classification, which makes it a parameter-free method, so it can be applied to any type of data, whether text, images, audio, etc.

Biodiversity is an issue that is now the focus of many social debates linked to the man-environment interaction and its direct impact on environmental management. In that sense, aerospace technology plays an important role. This article presents a general review of environmental factors to be taken into account and should be monitored for take the better decision in the interest of preserving our ecosystem. We also discuss how the aerospace technology through different satellites, help effectively and almost in real time with this difficult task.

Contenido 

Small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) are the driving force of economic expansion and employment creation in any country. Therefore, it is critical to promote the creation of new SMEs and maximize their chances of survival, especially in the first three critical years of their lives. Recognizing this, governments often 54 develop and implement diverse policies aimed at boosting entrepreneurship and supporting the creation of business initiatives, particularly those that helping SMEs in the early stages of life From a sponsor’s (e.g. the government or private business incubators) standpoint, it is important to understand the probability of survival that of new companies. Developing a model that attempts to explain the success or failure in a company from a quantitative and qualitative perspective is a research area to which significant resources have been devoted in recent times. Such a model would not only help emerging companies to predict the outcome of their venture under certain circumstances, but would facilitate detecting possible weaknesses that may result in business failure However, the studies conducted to develop prediction models have focused more on already established companies than on start-up firms. These models have mainly been based on regression analyses of quantitative variables (e.g. Altman ratios), and qualitative variables (e.g. training manager, product quality, or training, innovation, price and quality control policies), and so far they have not been able to achieve realistic results. This is mainly because of limitations that exist in the regression fits required to model the relationships between the different variables involved. Similarly, the few business survival studies that have focused on start-up businesses have also had very poor results In this study will an artificial neural network will be developed for business success/failure of entrepreneurship initiatives, modeling based on both financial data and qualitative information relating to various management policies. To collect data, researchers will conduct a series of personal surveys with managers from 125 companies. The surveys will be conducted by the same team of researchers to ensure the consistency of questions involving qualitative variables. Artificial neural networks (ANN) are a technique that involves the use of mathematical structures that imitate the functioning of the biological brain. Their use of ANNs has significantly increased in the late 70’s due to the high computers development and the resolution of some structural problems affecting the perceptron, one of the most used models. The major beneficiary has been the industrial sector with the modeling of mechanical properties of manufacturing products. However, they have been applied to many other fields that range from medicine to the field of economics. The nature of ANNs as universal aproximator makes them a very useful tool for modeling processes in which obtaining a result from the initial data is more important than the relations between the variables involved. The study will help to differentiate between successful and failure ideas, and to detect competitive weaknesses that may adversely impact their future survival of start-up companies.

In this study, we analyzed the fossils and rocks of the formations Santa and Carhuaz of Cretaceous age found in the towns of San Marcos and Cajamarca determining its age and condition of their deposition. The determination of the relative heavy middle position (PMPR) of the sandstones of the fm. Carhuaz determined regional depositional characterization. It should be noted that both the fm. Santa as Carhuaz Miocene intrusive contact often behave as good host rocks for mineralization events, such as reservoir type Cu-Mo Porphyry El Galeno, located in the Department of Cajamarca. The fm. Santa, a name given by [1] of Cretaceous age, consists of an alternation of dark gray claystones and calcareous siltstones of marine transgressive character, lies in keeping on-shore beach sands of the fmcontinental. Chimú. According to [2] this machine exhibits regionally significant facies change, while in the northern limestone proportion is higher, more lutacea Cajamarca. In the towns of Matara- Namora and located in the San Marcos Quadrangle, gastropods were identified, which according to [3] are (Cassiope) neumayri (GAAS); paraglauconia strombiformis (Schlotheim), Corbicula sp. Valanginian age indicate a half - Hauterivian shallow marine environment and brackish waters close to shore. This same fossil fauna has been reported also in the areas of Cruz Blanca, Shaullo Chico y Huambocancha (Quadrangle Cajamarca). The fm. Carhuaz, also the name given by [1] of Cretaceous age, consists of alternating sandstones, siltstones and fine-grained strata commonly thin. In Matara Namora and has identified a fossil flora according to [3] are: Weichselia peruviana Zeiller (imprints of branches and leaves, Pelcurdia sp. indicating an age Valanginian - Hauterivian and a deposition in a continental environment and close to a transitional zone, with predominantly hot and humid climates. Applying the PMPR, methodology proposed by [4], the sandstones of the Fm. Sedimentology Carhuaz made in a column in the White Cross (Cajamarca) determined that the sandstones are located 46% of the top of the whole column, indicating that this location is close to the central part of the whole column. The area PMPR Namora (Quad San Marcos) is 55%. These results indicate that the facies located in Cajamarca are less continental those located in San Marcos. It seems that the rich content of organic matter, depositional character warm and salty waters of both bands have favored chemical reactions between hydrothermal fluids and such. Instead these chemical reactions occur equally well in a transgressive and regressive environmental nature within the formation Carhuáz.

The expression of GLP-1 gene was evaluated in rats induced to type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and treated with methanol extract of Schkuhria pinnata (Canchalagua). In vivo studies were performed. Experimental type 2 diabetes was induced in 4 months age Wistar novergicus male rats by administration of StreptozotocinNicotinamide (65mg/kg and 330mg/kg), then, diabetes was confirmed by monitoring the glucose variation and histopathology of diabetic´s pancreas. The hypoglycemic effect of Schkuhria pinnata (Canchalagua) was evaluated during 25 days after the induction of experimental diabetes, showing a statistically significant decrease (P <0.05) in groups C, D and E (rats induced to type 2 diabetes experimental treated with Metformin 330mg/kg, methanolic extract of Canchalagua a 20 mg/kg y 40 mg/kg, respectively) since day 10, reaching normal values of glycemia at the end of the experiment. Subsequently, the GLP-1 gene expressions were evaluated in the rat distal small intestines by qPCR and the results showed that the group B expression was down-regulated by the factor 41.319 in comparison with the group A (normal rats), the group C, showed an upregulation with the factor 16.694 compared with group A, and the experimental groups D and E showed expressions up-regulated by the factors 7.292 and 7.761 in comparison with the group A.

The development of this model will allow to possess a computational tool to design adequately the system of border irrigation, reducing the water loss and using in an ideal way to improve the productivity of the cultures, under the premises of efficient use of water, that is to say cultures of major productivity, to the lowest consumption of water, using methodologies of production optimal. Was implemented the numerical scheme in finite volumes for the equations of flow Saint Venant, which allowed knowing the profile of superficial flow and the infiltration in the soil according to the advance of the irrigation. After the process of simulation of several, cases, was managed to establish that the longitudinal slope plays an important paper in the flow for the border irrigation according to the raised model the slope must be minor 0,001 m/m. The major slopes generate rapid or supercritical flows, which is not advisable in the design of the border irrigation, since it will be a direct source of erosion. As for flows of revenue of border irrigation the bibliography indicates a range from 1 to 5 l/s/m, which has been an employee in the model without any disadvantage. In this work Richards's equation is diminishes to his expression unidimensional more his temporary component and the results fulfill satisfactorily the aim to predict the movement of the water in the subsoil, from information of physical properties of the soils 23 and imposed conditions dirichlet type of water load on the soil. As for the validation of the mathematical model with referential data of works of investigation was used the work realized by Osier-bed (2005) for the flow in surface and Dahualde G. (2005) for the process of infiltration. It is possible to confirm the results with some differences attributable to the solution of the equations, to the numerical used method and the scheme of solution.

The present research shows results as how the many sickness affect to the students of José María Arguedas, University of Andahuaylas. How it can influence in their academic performance. The more frequent sickness that the students suffer are: tonsolitis, anemia, bronchitis, cefalea, bruise, skiness, pharyngeal, pharyngeal-tonsilitis, gastritis. G.E.C.A, I.T.U, cold, sinuosity, about all of them, which has the highest percent belonged to the pharyngeal, with 24,2%, the gastritis has 18,7%. According their rating average to the year 2009. According the analyzed sample, these are oscillated between 10 and 15. Being with the most frequency the reting 12. Matching the rating average with the sickness, we can observ that the lowest rate average belongs to the students who had bronchitis, with rating average of 9.14, watching besides that the rating average with each sickness, it doesn`t get to the rating of 13, which it is an indicator at low academic performance. According the multiple analysis of line regression, using as an independent variable the prost frequent sickness (2 cases), the results we deduce that if it exists correlation but in a low level, according the pear son analysis, the bronchitis (99% truth) and the bruise (95% truth), they get an inverse correlation highly meaningful with the rating average gotten. Being the bronchitis as the sickness which bring about the lowest rating average during the academic semester, which the student who has bronchitis is one of them to not be advanced.

One of plastics conventional but used by the society is the PET (tereftalato polythene), widely used in the production of bottles for carbonated drinks and mineral water. Another plastic that also is used for that application, but in smaller amount is the PVC, (vinyl polychloride). The polymer recycling is important and advantageous, but it also exists disadvantages like the great volume of generated remainder, exhaustion of the sanitary fillings, among others. Diverse techniques of separation of polymeric materials exist, being the most used, the separation by difference of densidades (gravity), due to that is one of the methods but easy and cheap to be applied, the great problem of that method is the separation of materials with similar densidades, as it is the case of PET and PVC, between 1.30-1.37 g/cm3 disabling the separation of the same by that technique. The great problem is the contamination from PVC in the PET due to that it causes spots in the PET transparent as well its degradation. In this sense, the objective of that study is to determine the most efficient and economically viable methodology of separation from PVC in PET through flotation method. The first step was the treatment of the samples with alkaline solution of NaOH, 1.0 and 4.0% in mass, at temperatures of 25oC and 80oC, and times of treatment of 15 and 30 minutes. For the determination of the surface energy was realised the measures of contact angle using a goniometer. In the flotation test, solutions of MIBC of 0.25 and 0.5% were used and different pHs (acid, basic and neutral). Results of the conditions of thermo-chemical treatment showed that the solution with 1% of NaOH and 80 oC was the one that presented higher surface energies in the surface of the PET. In relation to the separation of the PVC by flotation, results showed that the condition more efficient was the basic, getting to reach a 85% of separation of PVC in solution of tensoactivo of 0.25% and 87% in solution of tensoactivo of 0.50%.

Copper oxide (CuO) nanoparticles have been synthesized using gamma irradiation or ultrasound. The antimicrobial activity of CuO nanoparticles was determined by excavation method in plate culture in three microbial strains: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853. The initial bacterial concentration was 1x107 CFU / mL and seeded onto Muller Hinton Agar and incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. The CuO nanoparticles obtained by ultrasound are nanospheres with a higher antimicrobial activity for S. aureus than for E. coli and no activity against P. aeruginosa, while CuO nanoparticles obtained by gamma irradiation with a dose of 8 kGy have antimicrobial activity similar to S. aureus and E. coli and those obtained at doses of 15 and 25 kGy only have antimicrobial activity against E. coli.