Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This work is based on the thesis titled "Comparative Energy evaluation of a hybrid wind-photovoltaic system of low power for the electrification of rural housing" conducted during February-March 2010, aims to evaluate wind and solar resources of the province of Tacna and benchmark wind-photovoltaic system with its subsystems for the electrification of a rural home located in the province of Tacna. The research used a wind turbine Rutland WG-910 and a Siemens solar panel, built instruments such as the voltage divider and the circuit Photoelectric developed a software template for the detailed study of solar and wind resources, energy systems and meteorological data, and also shows details of the technology of wind-photovoltaic hybrid system so that the hybrid system for housing projected into the near future more efficiently and economically. The subsystems that make up the hybrid wind-photovoltaic are home generators of economic power that are installed at low cost and help to free the citizens of the dependence of the power companies and oil. The results of the evaluation indicate the possibility of greater use of solar energy and non-viability of wind power for the province of Tacna, so if you make a reconversion to renewable energy, solar energy could be the new sustainable energy vector in the province of Tacna to its high material progress and sustainable development. Thus we also analyzed the technical and economic feasibility of production of each subsystem and used a method based on evaluating the reliability of an autonomous system using the concept of Loss of Load Probability, usually referred LLP. At present, on a global scale, the power consumed by humans comes from fossil fuels whose massive use leads depletion of reserves and involve both a real danger to the environment, manifesting mainly through the global warming of the earth and the acidification of the water cycle. It is important to energy conversion to energy independent, clean oil to break the economic dependence on suppliers of fossil fuels and go for sustainable development. The objective of this research is to make a “Comparative Energy evaluation of a hybrid wind-photovoltaic system of low power for the electrification of rural housing” located in the province of Tacna, for it is necessary to analyze the meteorological parameters of wind speed and local solar radiation and energy analysis and possible applications of wind-photovoltaic hybrid system, considered as an alternative to the energy sector. Throughout the collection of data and elaboration of the thesis report, it developed a software detailed study of solar and wind resources, energy systems and meteorological data.

Preterm birth occurs between 22 and before 37 weeks. Its etiology is multifactorial and is a major cause of perinatal morbidity and mortality. The objective was to determine the risk factors associated with preterm delivery in pregnant women Guillermo Almenara Irigoyen National Hospital from January to June 2010. We performed a retrospective case - control and descriptive. The case histories of patients and controls were reviewed and recorded in chips and processed with SPSS version 15. The results were 81 patients diagnosed with preterm birth, with statistical significance in the following variables: absence of prenatal care (OR 3.07, P> 0.05), pre-eclampsia (OR 20.86, P <0.001), premature rupture of membranes (OR 4.03, P> 0,005), multiple pregnancy (OR 5.64, P> 0.01), chorioamnionitis (OR 2.02, P> 0.1), place of birth: saw (OR 3.88, P> 0.05) and socioeconomic status (OR12.73, P> 0.05). It was evident that more poor pregnant women with less education have a higher incidence of preterm delivery [1] [2] [3]. That 21% of preterm births was associated with premature rupture of membranes (OR 4.03) data that is within the range of incidence, as Aagaard-Tillery [4] (2005) noted an incidence of premature rupture preterm membrane between 30 and 40% and Fabian (2008) observed 11.67% of premature rupture of membranes [5]. Pregnant women with preeclampsia had a 20 times higher risk of preterm birth present. 34.6% presented with preterm birth pre-eclampsia, of which 42.8% was severe preeclampsia, 25% and 32.14% mild HELLP syndrome; data Salviz similar to that observed in their study in the Cayetano Heredia Hospital, where he found a 30 % of preterm birth in patients with preeclampsia, although it is known that pre-eclampsia affects 3 to 5% of pregnancies, no studies on the incidence of preeclampsia in preterm labor [6]. We conclude that the main risk factor associated with preterm delivery was preeclampsia. Being born in the mountains, belong to socioeconomic status, lack of prenatal care, premature rupture of membranes, coriomanionitis and multiple pregnancy were also significant.

Ligaria cuneifolia (liga-liga) is used in traditional medicine in our country for the treatment of many health disorders, but there is limited information on their pharmacological properties. A methanol extract of Ligaria was prepared and its individual polyphenols were identified by HPLC coupled to mass spectrometry (HPLC / MS) on a Phenomenex Luna C18 column with ultraviolet detection at 280 and 320 nm using an electrospray ionization (ESI). The mobile phase was A: water/ acetic acid 98/2 (v/ v) and B: water / acetonitrile /acetic acid 49.5/50/0.5 with a flow rate of 1mL/min a gradient program. The plant extracts (0-100 mg /mL) were incubated in cell lines for colon cancer (HCT-116), breast (MDA-MB-231), prostate (PC-3), cancer liver (Hep-G2), skin cancer (A-375)and ovarian cancer (OVCAR-3). The total polyphenol content showed a significant amount of bioactive compounds.The Ligaria exhibited concentration-dependent activity in all cancer cell lines. The methanol extract was more active in colon cancer cells (IC50 = 28.14 mg / ml). A variety polyphenols were identified mainly , quercetin, chlorogenic acid, ellagic acid and chlorogenic acid glycoside.

The chemical composition and the content of total phenols present in essential oils extracted from muña (Minthostachys setosa Briq Epl) and anise (Pimpinella anísum L.) collected in the Apurimac region, Perú were determined. Analyses of GC-MS of the essential oil of muña has reported the presence of about 18 different volatile compounds such as isomentona 39%, pulegona 32%, isomentona 6% and timol 5%, whereas in case of anise it has been detected mainly anetol 96% and other minor compounds. The content of total phenols in samples was determined by the method of Folin Ciocalteu and expressed as mg gálic acid/g essential oil. Results showed that the content of total phenols in muña and anise were 253.65 mg y 73.50 mg gálic acid/g oil respectively. From these results, the essential oil of muña shows a better antioxidant activity and it could be used as a natural antioxidant in food preparation.

This report presents an application of the differential approach of the perturbation theory to an homogeneous model of a PWR steam generator in the Angra 1 Nuclear Power Plan in Brazil under steady-state conditions. Program PERGEVAP was built fom the code GEVAP developed by Souza and allows sensitivity calculations of linear (average primary loop temperature) and non-linear (average heat flux) functionals due to variations in some thermo-hydraulics parameters (flow rate, specific heat, , etc). Results obtained with this approach are then compared with direct calculations performed using the GEVAP code, with excellent agreements. The method has good potential to treat repeated calculations needed in the design and safety analysis of the Nuclear Plant components.

In recent years there have been several solutions for contact centers to improve customer service levels and reduce costs. Although these solutions are designed to mitigate this problem, the converged voice and data based on Internet Protocol (IP) core technology which provides enhanced functionality, optimum performance and effective implementation of these solutions in the contact center. The Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) considered complex and questionable just a few years ago is rapidly becoming a standard technology for the contact center today. . The level of knowledge of pure IP technology end-user level contact centers is extremely low. Unlike other contact center solutions such as multi-channel CRM, self-service automation and optimization of staff, the wealth of benefits and different schemes that exist for IP technology have not been transparent for the mass market VoIP technology has had a tremendous evolution sincethe first version that allowed consumers to make free calls. In recent years, VoIP has branched out from consumer-oriented applications to venture into the land business. Currently, adoption and maturity of standards such as SIP and SS7, coupled with the emergence of a Quality of Service (QoS) of the order of "five nines" on IP networks (ie, comparable to that offered by conventional telephony) have opened a new range of opportunities for companies in the form of IP contact centers. And the future is in IP contact center where the largest VoIP bring strategic benefits because companies can then release and tap the full potential of this technology. So to determine the definition of our subject sores at the conclusion that perceived poor communication processes that occur through a deficiency in generating VoIP expenses incurred in the company. Thus causing an error in the productivity and economic losses from them.

The objective of the present study was the characterization and identification of tipology of farmers producing milk in dairy watershed of the Amazonas region, with the purpose of that information can be used for the generation of differential actions of work. The methodology applied in the present study was descriptive, and the research method was the social survey. The unit of study was composed by three dairy watershed, the surveyed population was 74 farmers, distributed by proportional allocation in three dairy watershed: Pomacochas, Leymebamba and Molinopampa. The survey collected information related to technological and productive features of dairy production, also some social information was collected. The analysis of the information collected was divided in two stages: for the characterization descriptive statistics were used: means and deviations of the means. For the identification of the tipology, a Factorial Analysis of Multiple Correspondences was used. The description of the dairy producers in dairy watershed of the Amazonas region, confirmed the heterogeneity of technological, productive and social features that coexist among the farmers. The Factorial Analysis of Multiple Correspondences, allowed to distinguish three types of farmers, clearly differentiated by the composition of their variables.

Research was intended evaluate Stability of Anthocyanins in the Storge of Carrot Purple (Daucus carota), Indigo winter, comes from of Instituto Nacional de Innovación Agraria (INIA) – Estación Experimental Agraria Donoso Huaral. It was harvested in physiological maturity, later it went to Composition and Analysis Agroindustrial Products Laboratory where it was selected, classified uniformly and were packed in groups of 3; where two of them were of Low-Density Polyethylene and Low-Density Polypropylene and other one without packing; then they were stored in 3 different temperatures; Environment, 5º C and 10º C. Variable dependent on study evaluated Anthocyanin Conservation Rate. For a period of storage of 11 days. The Research compared the best results of the packed samples; the carrot purple packed in Low-Density Polyethylene and Stored to 5º C, which preserved better the Anthocyanin (97.03 %). In compares of one not packed and stored to Temperature Environment, there was obtained conservations 94.03 %.

In the present investigation was to evaluate the behavior of fructans, pyruvic acid, glucose, fructose and sucrose during the process of extraction and autoclaving. The extraction process was divided into three different techniques, which were: 1) pH 7-80 º C * 60 min, 2) pH 12 to 80 ° C * 20 min and then to pH 7-80 º C * 40 min and finally 3) pH 12 to 80 ° C * 60 min. The extract obtained at pH 7 for 60 min at 80 ° C, had the highest fructan concentration (12,91 ± 0,12) and sucrose (1,594 ± 0,198). The extract obtained at pH 12 (20 min) 7 (40 min) at 80 º C, presented intermediate concentrations of fructans (10,43 ± 0,18) and minimum concentration of sucrose (1,037 ± 0,002). The extract obtained at pH 12 for 60 min at 80 ° C, showed lower concentrations of fructans (8,21 ± 0,19), glucose (0,007 ± 0,003) fructose (0,003 ± 0,001). The evolution of fructans during the process of autoclaving (110 º C x 5 lb/in2 x 10 min) was negative, with a reduction in concentration of 7,7%. With respect to the concentration of pyruvic acid and total phenols, they suffered a decrease in its concentration of 86,3% and 15,6% respectively. Glucose, fructose, and sucrose were a rise in its concentration of 245, 123 and 169 times more compared to the fresh sample. The product showed fructan concentration (57, 27 ± 0,31), glucose (0,028 ± 0,008), fructose (0.914 ± 0.042), sucrose (0,076 ± 0,025), pyruvic acid (pungency) (12,06 ± 0,48), phenols (2,88 ± 0,05).

The current investigation intends to interpret the reasons exposed by a group of researchers to cite and discard sources of live and documentary information. To achieve this goal, a study from a qualitative focus was carried out. Interviews and focal groups of discussion were used as techniques. The participants in the research were 12 active researchers, who provided the information based on their experience and subjective perception of reality. The results were contrasted with the reliability and quality criteria of the information sources exposed in the specialized literature. Among the most relevant findings, the coincidence in objective reasons of choice and the difference among the subjective reasons of each researcher stand out. Finally, some recommendations are presented for the selection of printed and digital sources, as well as for the choice of live sources (key informants and experts).