Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In the present work, the integrative approach of the process of environmental education in the initial formation of Mathematics and Physics professors of the University of Pinar del Río “Hermanos Saíz Montes de Oca” is studied in depth, given the shortcomings that at the cognitive, procedural, and attitudinal level the graduates of this career have in order to keep up with the school requirements. This approach is conceived from all the components of professional training (university, labor, research, and extension components) and is concretized in each academic year based on integrative projects. For this purpose, we used methods of the theoretical, empirical and mathematical-statistical levels of knowledge. The practical validity of the proposal was evaluated from its introduction in the first year of the career through a pre-experiment where 22 students and 11 teachers participated. The techniques used to collect the information were a survey, interviews, and a pedagogical test. The results obtained show the effectiveness of the proposal, since its use allowed to transform the actions of teachers and students in the academic year and made possible the integrated appropriation of the environmental contents. This experience is generalizable to other academic years and university careers; for this, it is recommended to start from the professional problems related to the environmental education that future graduates must solve according to their profile, as well to guarantee the prior methodological training of teachers of different subjects for interdisciplinary work and cooperate with projects of the year.

The “mathematical self-confidence” of the Costa Rican secondary education students is studied using the self-confidence subscale of Fennema and Sherman (1976), and the existence of differences in this variable by sex, educational level  and the school geographical location is analyzed as well. The participants in the study were 2984 students (51% female) from the seventh to the eleventh year of official public day schools of the Ministry of Public Education of Costa Rica. The participating schools were selected by simple stratified random sampling and by conglomerates, according to the location area (69.5% urban), and according to the population by province (19.5% Alajuela, 12.5% Cartago, 9.3% Guanacaste, 10.6% Heredia, 10.3% Limon, 9.4% Puntarenas, 28.4% San Jose). The students selected for the study in each school sampled were those belonging to the second group of each educational level (18.9% seventh, 20.5% eighth, 21.4% ninth, 19% tenth, 20.2% eleventh). The results suggest that, jointly, about 78.9% of the students show between high and moderate levels of self confidence. They also indicate the existence of differences in the level of mathematical self confidence according to gender, with lower levels for women, with a medium magnitude of differences. The findings also suggest that there are no differences in the level of mathematical self-confidence among the tenth and eleventh level students, but there are in the ninth level; the latter having the highest index of mathematical self-confidence of the three. The study did not detect differences in the level of mathematical self-confidence among students according to the location of the school. The results suggest, at least, the following lines of research: to delve into the causes of the differences detected in the level of mathematical self-confidence by gender and those that may explain why the level of mathematical self-confidence decreases in the students of Diversified Education.

The training of professionals in charge of educating children is becoming increasingly important, given the impact this has on the quality of education and, likewise, on the improvement of a country’s social conditions. In this sense, this article presents the results about the development of research competencies in the training of professionals in child pedagogy, as a starting point to promote a qualification in this university program. Next, the theoretical perspective on training in research of the child pedagogy staff is developed. Then, the mixed-design methodology is explained; it was implemented through the survey, the focal group, and interviews applied to students, graduate students, teachers and directors, respectively. Once the information was triangulated, the results are presented; they express a favorable assessment of the processes. These processes were conducted by the program to enable the development of research skills, such as the capacity for analysis and reflection on the practice to contribute to children’s education, except for reading skills, on which there is a less positive assessment, and which constitutes a challenge for the university program to improve.

The problem of violence and discrimination based on gender is an aspect we must take in charge as a society. In this line, the objectives of this research have been framed in the reflection on problems and obstacles that arise in teacher training, as well as on possibilities and advantages of including and working with women and their history. The research is a case study that had five participants. The participants were teachers of social science teaching who work in different establishments in Santiago, Chile. The instruments to collect information consisted of semi structured interviews, and the techniques to analyze it took into account the critical theory, poststructuralism, gender theories, and queer theory. Regarding the main findings, it is possible to point out that, for the teaching staff of didactics, there are multiple possibilities to include women and their history in teacher training, as well as in teaching practices. However, for this, spaces that favor the inclusion of women’s problems should be promoted. The participating teachers recommended, as conclusions, that women and other groups that have been invisibilized, marginalized, and have suffered violence in different contexts should reflect on their own pedagogical practices to generate spaces and transformations in face of inequalities, prejudices, stereotypes, and the oppressive roles that women have been given for reasons of gender.

This article is the result of an investigation whose main purpose was to analyze the constructions of the concept of disability. We intend to analyze the discourses on disability that teachers working with students in this situation have built. The approach to the data was from a qualitative paradigm, of descriptive scope, and supported by the grounded theory methodology. Questionnaires were applied to 22 participants, basic education teachers. We conclude that the scientific knowledge has hegemonized visions, but in the process it has turned to common sense, leaving aside an important substratum as it is our action in front of other people and the consequences of the interventions and diagnoses that, being scientifically validated, invalidate the others and exclude the others. The above implies looking at teacher training from an ethical and political stage where complex processes of reflection overcome the reduced vision that has been built on disability and its inclusion.

Background: the strengthening of the moral value defined responsibility as the fulfillment of the commitment made before himself, the family, the collective and the society constitutes a priority in the Medicine career.Objective: to elaborate methodological actions for the strengthening of student responsibility from the subject Methodology of Research and Statistics.Methods: an experimental pedagogical study was carried out at the Faculty No. 1 of the University of Medical Sciences of Santiago de Cuba, during the 2015-2016 academic year. Theoretical methods were used: analysis-synthesis, inductive-deductive and historical-logical; and empirical: documentary analysis, observation and survey in the form of a student questionnaire.Results: the diagnosis made allowed to verify deficiencies in terms of the projection of educational objectives to consolidate the responsibility value from the curricular and research, so that methodological actions structured in five stages were developed: planning, organization, orientation, execution and verification, which were applied to the case group.Conclusions: the students revealed greater development of the responsibility value, which was expressed in better academic results in the subject and more knowledge to assume the investigative functions that they will perform as health professionals.

 La autopsia es el estudio más completo del enfermo y la enfermedad; de sus resultados derivan una serie de eventos científico-docentes en la enseñanza médica, lo que significa que las reuniones clínico-patológicas generales y de piezas frescas, son indispensables para la formación de los profesionales sanitarios porque contribuyen a la calidad asistencial de los servicios, reducen al grado mínimo las discrepancias clínico-patológicas y señalan las desviaciones de los tratamientos y la posible aparición de patologías nuevas o no esperadas. El intercambio realizado tiene gran importancia asistencial, docente y científica, por lo que se hace necesario insistir en los métodos de enseñanza a utilizar con el objetivo de continuar elevando su calidad en la adquisición de conocimientos y habilidades necesarios para desarrollar el pensamiento científico que vincula la escuela con la vida.

Postgraduate education increases the quality of integral education and promotes permanent education for university graduates, guarantees professional improvement and academic training. The courses, workshops, trainings, diploma courses, seminars and specialized conferences are ways of professional improvement but they are not the only ways to increase or update the knowledge; Scientific research as a means of searching for etiology and new solutions to health problems is another way. The capacity and / or ability to investigate increase the intellect and the stock of scientific knowledge, which favors offering a totally holistic attention to the population. The objective of the authors is to highlight the importance of scientific research as a means of professional improvement.

Background: in the 2017-2018 academic year the subject Blood and Immune System was introduced in the third semester of the Medicine degree, according to the new study plan.Objective: to identify the degree of satisfaction and performance of the students in the subject Blood and Immune System newly incorporated in the Curriculum D.Method: a descriptive study was carried out at the University of Medical Sciences of Villa Clara in the 2017-2018 academic year. Theoretical methods were used: analysis-synthesis and induction-deduction, empirical: the survey in the form of a questionnaire at two specific times of the semester (fourth and fifteenth weeks), and mathematical-statistics for data processing.Results: in general, the introduction of the subject Blood and Immune System in the curriculum had an adequate level of acceptance by the students and this evolved in a positive way as the course passed. In cases of dissatisfaction, the main cause was linked to the difficulty of the subjects taught. There is a preference for workshops and laboratory practices, and course work as a final evaluation, and not with a theoretical exam.Conclusions: the level of satisfaction expressed by the students with the subject was adequate, but not the performance since most recognized not having the basic knowledge about its content, aspects that were taken into account in their subsequent delivery.

La educación superior cubana requiere el empleo de estrategias de aprendizaje que conduzcan al estudiante hacia el desarrollo de actitudes, motivaciones y herramientas para el dominio de lo que se reconoce como aprender a aprender, y aprender a crear de modo permanente, en diferentes situaciones y contextos. Es propósito de los autores comunicar sus experiencias sobre el tema, a partir de una investigación realizada en la Facultad de Estomatología de la Universidad de Ciencias Médicas de Villa Clara, en la cual, después de diagnosticar la problemática, se diseñaron acciones metodológicas para potenciar el desarrollo de estrategias de aprendizaje apropiadas para los estudiantes desde el primer año de la carrera. Fueron valoradas por especialistas y su aplicación resultó satisfactoria y medianamente satisfactoria, según los destinatarios.