Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This paper approaches comparative legal history in light of the life and work of John H. Wigmore. This paper first presents a definition of comparative legal history. Secondly, this paper addresses a mosaic of interests that Wigmore lived and experienced. It therefore presents a main dialogue of this jurist with the law of evidence, another dialogue with auxiliary disciplines, and a common thread that is represented by his interest in legal history and comparative law. This paper therefore points to the role that different actors may have in the development of an autonomous discipline, while they interact with other actors in other jurisdictions.

This paper refers to the historical evolution of the favor debilis principle from the Roman Law until our days. In this way, it begins with an examination of the favor libertatis principle and its incidence on the debtor’s responsibility, as well as the contractual interpretation in Ancient Rome. Subsequently, it refers to the incidence of Christianity in the moralization of the obligation. Then, the text refers to the persistence of the favor debilis under the modern model based on the conception of a free man that is able to protect its rights. Finally, its persistence in postmodernity is analyzed, which suggests changes in the law of obligations and contracts, which proposes also a new moralization of the contract, but sustained this time in the fundamental rights, as well as a renewed anthropocentric vision. Then, it refers to the bases of rules more favorable to the consumer and ends with the revision of the functions of the pro consumer principle: interpretation and conflict resolution mechanism of standards.

In 1921, the Argentine Republic enacted its second national Criminal Code, which came into force the following year. The work exposes and glosses the comments that the newspaper La Nación of Buenos Aires, one of the most important in the country, dedicated to the process of editing and enactment of the Code. Without being a specialist journal in legal subjects, but of common information, La Nación dealt in several notes of this subject, not in a systematic way but with interesting comments to the public opinion on some shares of the problem.

The Civil Code of Andrés Bello, influenced by the French Civil Code, and unlike other European and Latin American codes, included the category of quasi-delict as a source of obligations. However, this notion hasbeen difficult to understand, and has been often branded as merely formal, difficult to define and devoid of any practical utility. For this reason, this paper proposes an analysis of the category of «quasi-delicts» on the basis of the socalled obligations quasi ex delicto in classical Roman law. Such obligations were very useful for the formulation of a perfect and comprehensive division of the sources of obligations. After studying the reception of the quasi-delict in Andres Bello’s Code, both in Chile and in Colombia, this paper proposes some ideas that could contribute to a new understanding of the category and, with it, to the renewal of its systematic and practical utility. The aim of this paper is to highlight the most important aspects of this category that allow for a re-reading of the modern category of quasi-delict in the light of classical Roman categories. For this reason, it would exceed the scope of the present work to carry out an exhaustive exegetical analysis of the entire collection of Roman sources that refer to this matter.

This article seeks to analyze the legal bases of video surveillance, the state of the current unsystematic regulation in the Peruvian legal system and the first juridical-factual consequences that are emerging from its progressive application. In this way, the article begins with the study of the protection of the image of the person, with special attention to the phenomenon of video surveillance, from the point of view of Civil, Constitutional, Administrative and —even— Criminal law. Later, it studies the way in which the Legislator and —in other cases— the Executive have established the specific and particular rules on video surveillance in Peru at the national level. Finally, it continues with the description and analysis of some of the factual assumptions that have been challenging Peruvian authorities; among which we have the use of video surveillance as a method of monitoring by entities for security purposes, as a tool for the use of employers to detect labor infractions, as an obligation of the service providers to guarantee the security of the consumers, and as evidence of the correct conduct at the start and ending of a family visit’s regime when sons or daughters are taken out of regular home, this last is an example of the use of recorded video material of the private form or material of video surveillance as evidence in judicial and/or administrativeproceedings.

Is there a correspondence or affinity between the juridicalprincipiological and factual-economical conceptions for the effective protection of the consent of the holder of personal data when hiring in a network?Under the mantle of the present question, it aims to analyze the contemporary contractual scenario under the perspective of the privacy policy and the Brazilian General Data Protection Law (LGPD). In this context, it is proposed a skeptical reflection on the principles and economic guidelines defended by law and doctrine to verify if the consent is an instrument of real effectiveness to the tutelage of the subjects in network. The first topic concerns the conceptual and conceptual analysis of consent in the LGPD and in the specialized doctrine. The second topic deals with the limited rationality of the users of the network services in understanding the dispositions in the policies of privacy and in the terms of electronic services. At the end, it is concluded that despite the juridical and legal defense aimed at solidifying consent as an indispensable tool for collecting and processing data, the current electronic contractual model does not allow its effective concretization, proposing, in this case, an alternative. The rationale is anchored in the deductive, bibliographical and integrated research methods and in the case study technique.

The exploitation of terrestrial mineral resources has been a source of economic benefits, environmental damage and human costs. New technologies, however, have been promoting space mining with the potential of synchronizing the benefits of this economic activity and reducing social and environmental damages. In this perspective, the present study examines two legal implications of this technological innovation: the legal nature and the ownership of natural space resources. With the objective of recognizing the most plausible legal subject, according to legal, logical and ethical criteria, in order to obtain title to the right of ownership of space ores and to propose the most appropriate treatment for their profits, the approach adopted aims to link land and space mining based on the perspective of renewed continuity. In order to reach this theoretical proposition, were previously analyzed the human and environmental impacts of terrestrial mining; the feasibility of using and exploiting space ores, as well as the advantages and disadvantages of space mining; and both the political and normative positions —international and local— and the academic-doctrinal positions —negationists, expansionists and analogists—about this property right. It is concluded that space ores are best classified as res nullius, appropriable by any persons, physical or legal, public or private, as long as they commit to certain requirements as to their profits, which culminates in a reasonable proposal of regulation for mining, which is both feasible and beneficial to mankind and the environment.

At present, digital goods are part of the patrimony of people, however, not all legal systems have regulated what will be the fate of these after the death of their owner. The objective of this article is to establish the need for legal regulation of the disposition mortis causa of digital goods, based on the importance of such regulation in the relationships of users and service providers. To provide greater legal protection for digital goods, postmortem regulation is necessary, considering the different types of digital goods, its transmission and disposition after the death of its owner, as well as the obligations of the service providers in the fulfillment of these and their registry effectiveness. This regulation is essential in the current Latin American context.American context. the current LatinAmerican context.

As a concept, the adequate level of protection for international data transfers remains to some extent unknown and, in the case of the European Union, with regard to Directive 95/46/EC, already repealed, its content has been specified by the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Its origin is, in the pre-digital era, in international instruments on the protection of personal data and its most relevant development has occurred in the European Union, until reaching the case of the adequacy decision of Japan, which is the first adopted after 25 of May of 2018, which shows the practical application of the elements required under the GDPR. Other countries, particularly in Latin America, have also included the concept of adequate level in their data protection laws. Although the adequate level is only one of the instruments for international data transfers, the differences that may arise, between countries or regions, as to which countries have an adequate level of protection for international data transfer could lead toconsider whether a multilateral standard that facilitates the latter is advisable. In any case, it should also be considered that the adequacy model is one of the instruments for the international transfer of data, but not the only one, since there may be other mechanisms to apply adequate and effective data protection protections.

The aim of this research is to bring the reader closer to several concepts that are becoming more common day by day, and which find themselves in unstoppable development, such as blockchain technology, tokens, ICO (Initial Coin Offerings) or DAO (Decentralized Autonomous Organizations). Thus, the process of «tokenization», based on abstractly representing a value through the blockchain, is a transcendental innovation in areas such as the financial or the corporate spheres, where ICO —introducing a new business financing channel through the online sale of cryptographic assets— or DAO —entities managed in a decentralized way through smart contracts by tokens holders— come onto the scene. Likewise, their undeniable utilities will be enhanced, but the practical problems faced by these technological developments will also be analyzed, being the main one the regulatory uncertainty.