ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
0718-090X
Margheritis, Ana
Instituto de Ciencia Política, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
2018 was a rocky year for Argentina. Economic instability put it on the brink of crisis again and eroded the government’s credibility. This article provides an analysis of the main social, political and economic events affecting Argentina’s domestic politics and foreign policy. It accounts for selected issues, with an emphasis on changes in public policies and implications for the upcoming years. The argumentative thread focuses on the consequences of Argentina’s being haunted by the spectre of another debacle. Within changes in public policies, the focus is on the end of a gradual approach to structural changes and initiatives related to population and human mobility across borders—a policy area that has required increasing attention and resources of late
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
0718-090X
Reyes-Housholder, Catherine; Roque, Beatriz
Instituto de Ciencia Política, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
Poniendo el foco en el feminismo, este artículo describe la situación política, social y económica de Chile durante el año 2018. Se argumenta que durante el año en estudio se cuestionó, en diversos espacios de la sociedad chilena, la forma en que se distribuye el poder entre hombres y mujeres. Se revisa también la tercera ola de protestas feminista, caracterizada por el accionar de mujeres universitarias a lo largo de todo el país, cuyas manifestaciones visibilizaron la discriminación y el trato desigual que viven las mujeres y la diversidad sexual, emplazando a los poderes Legislativo y Ejecutivo a tomar medidas para mejorar las condiciones de grupos históricamente marginados. Se concluye que durante el año 2018 se desafió el poder político y social, cuestionando las brechas de género persistentes en la sociedad chilena. Asimismo, se plantea que es fundamental analizar los orígenes y consecuencias del “año del feminismo” en Chile, pues las demandas feministas enriquecen los debates actuales sobre la calidad de la democracia.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
0718-090X
Saffon Sanín, María Paula; Güiza Gómez, Diana Isabel
Instituto de Ciencia Política, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
In 2018, the Colombian right’s consolidation of power minimized the peace process by blocking the transformative aspirations of the 2016 peace agreement. However, the transformative promises of peace came back to the political arena during the presidential elections, when an ample coalition of leftist parties and grassroots movements supported Petro’s candidacy. This suggests that, despite the multiple obstacles, power asymmetries, and the continuous influence of violence, the Colombian peace agreement is responsible for something that no other political event—not even the momentous 1991 Constitution—has yet achieved: the existence of a programmatic discussion between the left and the right
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
0718-090X
López, Magdalena
Instituto de Ciencia Política, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
This article analyzes the main events that occurred in Paraguay during 2018. First, the general elections confirmed the hegemony of the Colorado Party, even in the unusual situation of internal conflict. Second, a woman was elected vice-president for the first time in the country´s recent history. That is a significative political outcome even when it can be interpreted as the outcome of President Cartes´ political maneuvering to remain as an active Senator. Third, in 2018, the Paraguayan economy registered controlled inflation, moderate debt growth, and sustained economic growth, which provide macroeconomic stability in the country. Finally, extreme and general poverty remained within the same levels than the previous year. Economic development has not improved the quality of life of the most vulnerable members of Paraguayan´s society.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
0718-090X
Duque, Debora; Smith, Amy Erica
Instituto de Ciencia Política, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
This was a year of dramatic changes in Brazilian politics, as the established parties and actors that had dominated Brazilian politics for two decades were humbled. The year began with the administration of the extremely unpopular, lame duck President Michel Temer, and ended awaiting the inauguration of far-rightist President Jair Bolsonaro on January 1st, 2019. In this article, we describe and analyze the major events of 2018 in Brazilian politics. From the perspective of legislative and executive productivity, the year was largely uneventful, as President Michel Temer had spent most of his political capital mustering the legislative votes needed to avoid prosecution for corruption. Yet transformations were afoot in parties and civil society. Three of the country’s most traditionally important parties – the PT, PMDB, and PSDB – were decimated, and the PT’s icon and standard-bearer Lula da Silva imprisoned. Meanwhile, the right and far-right grew in importance, and Jair Bolsonaro won the presidency with the sponsorship of the previously extremely small Social Liberal Party (PSL).
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
0718-090X
Zegada, María Teresa
Instituto de Ciencia Política, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
La coyuntura boliviana durante el 2018 estuvo marcada por un panorama económico estable, aunque en declive y con signos de deterioro hacia el futuro; no obstante, el partido de gobierno destacó la estabilidad como uno de sus principales logros y como emblema hacia las próximas elecciones generales de 2019. Un aspecto crítico de la democracia boliviana, que se reveló de manera incontrastable durante el año, fue la profunda crisis de su institucionalidad, reflejada fundamentalmente en la crisis de credibilidad en el Órgano Electoral Plurinacional y la decisión del gobierno de insistir en la postulación del actual presidente como candidato a los próximos comicios, frente a la protesta ciudadana por la defensa del resultado del referendo de 2016, generando un clima de conflictividad.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
0718-090X
Pignataro, Adrián; Treminio, Ilka
Instituto de Ciencia Política, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
In 2018 Costa Rica faced unprecedented elections due to the radicalization of the party supply, the diminished role of the traditional parties, and the unexpected continuity in government of the incumbent party with the presidency of Carlos Alvarado. During the campaign, the focus shifted from economic to self-expression issues (sexual education, equal marriage, abortion). Together with sociodemographic variables and the evaluation of the incumbent government, religion had an important explanatory weight on vote choice, especially after the advisory opinion of the Inter-American Court that recognized the fundamental rights of LGBTI people during the campaign. We discuss the consequences for the current government and the future elections.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
0718-090X
Ponce de León, Zoila; García Ayala, Luis
Instituto de Ciencia Política, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
This article presents an analysis of the main political events of 2018. After the resignation of Pedro Pablo Kuczynski (PPK), the frst year of Martín Vizcarra’s government began. His government faced numerous scandals triggered by the Lava Jato case, resulting in the detention of key politicians (including former presidents PPK and Ollanta Humala) and the transformation of the three branches of government. Moreover, a series of audio recordings uncovered a network of illegal under-the-table practices within the Judiciary, which included the protection of politicians and the negotiation of positions and reduction of penalties. In response, Vizcarra’s government promoted a group of institutional reforms via referendum, which are set in a context of institutional precariousness.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
0718-090X
Mattiace, Shannan
Instituto de Ciencia Política, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
In July 2018, Andrés Manuel López Obrador (AMLO) was elected President of Mexico in the largest electoral landslide in Mexico’s democratic history. As a self-proclaimed transformational candidate, AMLO made big promises in areas of great concern for Mexican citizens: anti-corruption, criminal violence and security, and the economy. Support for AMLO remained extremely strong in 2018; however, to retain that support he will need to make concrete progress in these areas. AMLO and his party coalition face formidable challenges, not the least of which are high expectations from citizens bent on major changes in governance and policy outcomes. Critics are concerned about a united executive and legislative coalition unchecked by countervailing powers, threatening a potential return to the presidencialismo of the twentieth century.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
0718-090X
Brannum, Kate
Instituto de Ciencia Política, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
Guatemalan politics were dominated in 2018 by political strife between the Jimmy Morales administration and the International Commission against Impunity in Guatemala (CICIG). The most pressing issues in Guatemala continue to be corruption and the weakness of the rule-of-law. The year began with but guarded optimism that CICIG could continue its work despite worries about the President’s commitment to democracy, but ended with a constitutional crisis that threatened CICIG’s work in Guatemala. With general elections approaching in 2019, democracy in Guatemala hangs in the balance. However, at the end of 2018, the makeup of the election was still in doubt and Guatemala was in a constitutional crisis that has not been resolved.
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