Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

BROTTON, Jerry, Historia del mundo en 12 mapas, 2016, DEBATE, 606 pp. ISBN: 978-849992422-9

Presenyación del número 12 de Espaio, Tiemopo y Forma, VI, Geografía

Normas de publicaiópn ETF VI

This research seeks to explore and describe changes in the psychic representations about work of a group of inmates participating in an institutional work program. Based on a qualitative approach, this study uses life history as a research method and semi-directed interview as a data collection technique. Applying life history in administration is meant to be a contribution to the field. Five inmates are examined through in-depth interviews at different chronological times during their participation in the work program. The results obtained provide both executives, or managers, and companies involved with such groups with relevant information either to define and develop prison treatment policies or to develop human resource practices.

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Erotophilia has been associated with increased sexual satisfaction, increased protective behaviours against Sexually Transmitted Infections/Human Immunodeficiency Virus (STI/HIV), increased condom use, etc. The aim of this study was to determine whether a brief intervention in college students was an effective option for increasing positive attitudes toward sexuality, attitudes and myths about masturbation, and sexual fantasies. A quasi-experimental pre-post-follow-up intervention was conducted with university students (N=51). We administered the Revised Sexual Opinion Survey (EROS), the Sexual Fantasy Questionnaire (SFQ), and the Negative Attitudes Toward Masturbation Inventory (NAMI). Statistically significant changes were found in EROS, SFQ and NAMI scores. All changes were maintained at a follow-up assessment at 3 months. This type of intervention has a positive impact on sexual fantasies, attitudes and myths about sexuality and masturbation.

The growing use of social networking sites places them among the most popular online activities. In particular, Facebook is gaining increasing numbers of users. For some individuals, such activity can develop into addictive online behaviour. The main objective of this study was to assess the influence of sociodemographic (e.g., gender, age), individual (e.g., differentiation of self), and family (e.g., family communication) factors on Facebook addiction in Portuguese emerging adults aged between 18 and 30 years. The study included 403 participants, who followed a protocol in which several instruments were administered (e.g., COMPA, BSI, DSI-R, and BFAS). The results showed higher Facebook use and a higher risk of addiction in individuals with the following characteristics: (1) female gender; (2) aged between 24 and 30 years; (3)  lower differentiation of self; (4) physically or emotionally distanced from significant others (emotional cut-off); and (5) negative communication patterns with their parents. An association was also found between other psychopathological indicators (e.g., depression, anxiety, and interpersonal sensitivity) and Facebook use. Thus, the present study contributes to the field of research on online addictions and has implications for prevention and clinical intervention.

In recent decades, researchers have addressed the use of technologies because of its positive and negative effects on cognitive and affective processes. The present study investigated the relationship between the frequency of use of technologies, its influence on inhibitory control and attention span, and the role played by personality and affective status in a young adult population. The study included 90 participants between the ages of 18 and 34 years. They were administered the following tests: Stroop test; Trail Making Test; D2 Test of Attention; Questionnaire on the Problem Use of New Technologies; Eysenck Personality Questionnaire Revised-Abbreviated; and the Positive and Negative Affect Schedule. A significant inverse relationship was found between the frequency of use of technologies, such as the internet and television, and inhibition and attention capabilities, whereas a significant direct relationship was found between the use of the internet and mobile phones and levels of neuroticism and negative affect. These results suggest that the excessive use of certain technologies may have a negative effect on cognitive abilities that may be modulated by affective and personality variables.

The integration of screening, brief interventions, and referral to treatment is a preventive and care strategy that has demonstrated effectiveness in improving the health of alcohol and other drug users. The implementation of this strategy in its digital form has facilitated its spread and acceptance among adolescents and young people. The objective of this study was to adapt this methodology in order to develop efficient actions to prevent and reduce the risk of problem internet use among the school population. The PiensaTIC Program is a web-based screening and brief intervention pilot application that has been administered to secondary school students in the city of Malaga (Spain). This article describes the features of this preventive program and its results regarding the different forms of internet usage by the adolescents studied. Differences were found between male and female students in relation to the most common types of online behavior, as well as differences in prevalence and the differential characteristics of problem internet use by gender.