Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In all societies, knowledge has been based on scientific knowledge (academic) and other knowledge of life, based on social skills, ethical norms, and values for balanced and judicious behavior. Such knowledge of life is part of the most sublime human characteristic — wisdom — which is considered to be a perfect blend of knowledge and character or of mind and virtue. Contrary to popular belief, it has been shown that intelligence, age, and experience by themselves are insufficient for a person to obtain wisdom or to be successful in life. What is needed is a combination of intelligence, knowledge, experience, and commitment to the common good. The present study was based on the findings of several authors who have shown that adolescence is an ideal stage for learning wisdom. Thus, we conducted a content analysis of the secondary school curricula, derived from the Organic Law of Education (LOE) and the Organic Law on the Improvement of the Quality of Education (LOMCE), to identify any wisdom-related content taught in schools. We constructed an analysis grid with 20 markers that were representative of the main scientific theories used to study wisdom. The results show that wisdom is underrepresented in current curricula, even though its evolution within the curricula has been positive over the last 10 years. We suggest that the teaching of wisdom in secondary schools is both fragmentary and unsuitable, and thus it is relevant to promote its teaching and to train teachers in mentoring skills in wisdom.

The somatic marker hypothesis (SMH) has been one of the most influential theories in the neurosciences since the early 1990s, when it was formulated by Antonio Damasio in his book Descartes’ Error (1994). Since then, various studies, for and against, have been written without a verdict. Firstly, this study provides a comprehensive explanation of the SMH. Secondly, it provides a detailed assessment of the relevance of the amygdala in the process of making unconscious decisions. In contrast, we cite some results that suggest that the ventromedial prefrontal cortex would be involved in our rational decisions. Finally, we review some of the criticism of the SMH that was based on the mixed results obtained in the Iowa Gambling Task. We suggest that the main value of the SMH is that it resolves the brain-body duality problem. However, the hypothesis by itself is insufficient to claim that the decision-making process is mainly based on our feelings. Although the decision-making process uses unconscious somatosensory responses, it is a more complex physical-emotional-rational process, which still lacks sufficient evidence to be located.

There is little information on how personality traits can affect psychological well-being. Studies suggest that the traits with the strongest associations with psychological well-being are neuroticism and extraversion to. The present study investigated associations between personality traits and the six dimensions of psychological well-being in a sample of older Spanish adults. The sample comprised 224 older adults who completed the psychological well-being scales and the NEO-FFI questionnaire. The results were analyzed using multiple linear regressions. Significant associations were found between all the dimensions of psychological well-being: these associations were negative in the case of neuroticism, and positive in the case of extraversion, conscientiousness, openness to experience, and agreeableness. The negative association between neuroticism and the dimensions of psychological well-being suggest that high scores in this trait would be maladaptive for a good aging experience. Positive associations between other personality traits and psychological well-being suggest that they would facilitate optimal functioning during aging.

AbstractThe effect of anomalies of foliar mineral nutrients on the nutritional behavior of apple crops has been evaluated using parameters obtained by means of remote sensing techniques. Twenty-five plots in commercial orchards were selected in the five most important municipalities of Chihuahua State, Mexico in which the main nutritional parameters were measured (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, and B). Important deficiencies of these nutrients were detected in 88% of the analyzed crops. These deficiencies showed significant correlation with the spectral data (SPOT5) and with the NDVI elaborated from these data. The mathematical models obtained showed high determination coefficients for most of the mineral elements; concretely, nitrogen and calcium presented the best results (0.80 and 0.76, respectively).ResumenSe ha evaluado el efecto en las anomalías de los nutrientes minerals foliares en el comportamiento nutricional de los cultivos de manzanos utilizando parámetros obtenidos mediante técnicas de teledetección. Se seleccionaron veinticinco parcelas en fincas comerciales de los cinco municipios más importantes del estado de Chihuahua (México), en los que se midieron en campo los principales parámetros nutricionales (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu y B). Se detectaron importantes deficiencias de estos nutrientes en el 88% de los cultivos analizados. Estas deficiencias mostraron una correlación significativa con los datos espectrales (SPOT5) y con el NDVI elaborado a partir de estos datos. Los modelos matemáticos obtenidos proporcionaron altos coeficientes de determinación para la mayoría de los elementos minerales; concretamente, el nitrógeno y el calcio presentaron los mejores resultados (0.80 y 0.76, respectivamente).

En un marco general caracterizado por la descapitalización humana y económica, así como por la falta de dinamismo y su escasa representatividad en nuestra sociedad, los espacios rurales mediterráneos encaran el siglo XXI con perspectivas precarias sobre su propia viabilidad y supervivencia. Las implicaciones de este proceso de debilitamiento territorial son enormes, ya sea enfocado desde lo antropológico, demográfico, económico o ambiental. Es necesario, por tanto, repensar la relación que la sociedad española mantiene con esa parte mayoritaria del territorio, la cual necesita de herramientas y la acción de agentes que aporten nuevas perspectivas para superar acciones agotadas por su formalismo y desapego a la realidad de los entornos rurales y sus problemáticas.El presente trabajo, aplicando las estrategias y herramientas del paradigma del desarrollo local, pretende reconocer y analizar los valores patrimoniales y territoriales del olivar de Alcolea (Almería). Éste, a través de un replanteamiento de su papel en la comunidad -ecológico, cultural y paisajístico-, puede ser transformado en una herramienta para el desarrollo endógeno y sostenible, lo que redundará en un aumento de la calidad de vida de los habitantes del entorno.AbstractIn a general framework marked by human and economic decapitalization, as well as by the lack of dynamism and its scarce representation in our society, the Mediterranean rural areas confront the 21st century with precarious perspectives on their own viability and survival. The implications of this process of territorial weakening are enormous, whether focused on the anthropological, demographic, economic or environmental. It is necessary, therefore, to rethink the relationship that Spanish society maintains with this majority part of the territory, which requires tools and the action of agents that provide new perspectives to overcome ineffective actions due to their formality and detachment from the reality of rural areas and their problems.The present work, applying the strategies and tools of the local development paradigm, aims to recognize and analyze the heritage and territorial values of the olive grove of Alcolea (Almería). This, through a rethinking of its ecological, cultural and landscape role, can be transformed into a tool for endogenous and sustainable development, which will result in an improvement in the quality of life of the inhabitants of the area.

Desde mediados del siglo XX el espacio agrario de Castilla y León, y de gran parte de España, viene transformando las características que durante años definieron su estructuración. La masiva movilización demográfica obligó a adaptar los territorios ante el imponente grado de despoblación y con el fin de aumentar la producción, reducir los costes y poder, de este modo, competir en un mercado globalizado. El índice de correlación ayudará a garantizar la estrecha vinculación existente entre la dinámica poblacional, las variables estructurales y el fenómeno de la concentración parcelaria, mecanismo que se convertirá en el verdadero instrumento de modernización de la estructura agraria, centrado en eliminar las propiedades negativas que hasta la década de los 60 dominaban el espacio agrario castellano y leonés, si bien, este estará condicionado en todo momento por los componentes físicos de la altitud, la pendiente y el material geológico presentes en el territorio. Abstract Since the mid-twentieth century the agrarian space of Castilla y León, and much of Spain, has been transforming the characteristics that for years defined its structuring. The massive demographic mobilization forced to adapt the territories against the imposing degree of depopulation, in order to increase production, reduce costs and be able to compete, in this way, in a globalized market. The correlation index will help guarantee the close link between population dynamics, structural variables and the phenomenon of land consolidation, a mechanism that will become the real instrument for the modernization of the agrarian structure, focused on eliminating the negative properties that dominated the castellano y leonés space until the 60s, although this will be conditioned at all times by the physical components of altitude, slope and geological material present in the territory.

Los procesos morfogenéticos constituyen el foco de interés preferente de la geomorfología actual, sin embargo, estos se hallan claramente condicionados por el marco morfoestructural en el que están insertos. Este artículo analiza las características litoestratigráficas, la evolución geológica y la disposición estructural de un macizo calcáreo de la alta montaña cantábrica, el Macizo Occidental de los Picos de Europa. Además, se identifican las principales unidades morfoestructurales que lo componen a partir de una profunda revisión bibliográfica y del trabajo de campo desarrollado en el área. Los resultados de esta investigación evidencian, mediante la puesta en relación de los rasgos de este armazón con los procesos que interactúan sobre él, el modo en que los estudios de geomorfología estructural, actualmente en retroceso, resultan vitales para comprender los procesos, morfologías y depósitos asociados en este macizo y, por extensión, en el conjunto de los Picos de Europa.AbstractNowadays geomorphological community is mainly interested in morphogenetic processes. However, those processes are clearly conditioned by the morphostructural framework they are part of. This article examines the lithostratigraphic features, geological evolution and structural disposition of a high mountain massif in the Cantabrian Mountains, the Western Massif of the Picos de Europa, identifying its main morphostructural units through a deep bibliographical review and the fieldwork conducted in the area. The results highlight the way in which, the studies of structural geomorphology, currently in retreat, are important to understand the processes, morphologies and deposits in this massif and, thus, in the Picos de Europa as a whole.

Las vías pecuarias son un legado histórico y cultural destacado. La Región de Murcia cuenta con un buen número de estas. Conocer sobre el carácter patrimonial de las mismas y elementos asociados es una cuestión de interés. Para ello se analiza la red de vías pecuarias, anexos y elementos próximos existentes en la Región de Murcia. Además de su posible calificación como caminos paisajísticos regionales. Estas infraestructuras cuentan con un destacado valor patrimonial, dotándolas de atractivo turístico y convirtiéndolas en un recurso complementario de la oferta turística regional. Dado que discurren por todo el territorio regional permiten el acercamiento a la gran diversidad de paisajes con que cuenta la Región, así como el desplazamiento por los mismos, de ahí que se justifique su denominación como caminos paisajísticos regionales.  AbstractThe paths for livestock are a remarkable historical and cultural legacy. The Region of Murcia has a good number of these. Knowing about the patrimonial nature of the same and associated elements is a matter of interest. To this end, the net work of livestock trails, annexes and nearby elements exiting in the Region of Murcia is analyzed. In addition to its possible qualification as regional landscape roads. These infrastructures have an outstanding patrimonial value, endowing them with tourist attraction and turning them into tourist resource complementary to the regional tourist offer. Since they run throughout the regional territory allow the approach to the great diversity of landscapes that the Region has, as well as the displacement by them, hence its name is justified as regional landscape roads.

Durante la Rebelión de Las Alpujarras fueron numerosos los enfrentamientos que se originaron entre las tropas cristianas y musulmanas, si bien se tiene una reducida información sobre el desarrollo de la mayoría de sus episodios y el emplazamiento exacto donde se produjeron. El presente trabajo de investigación pretende localizar, analizar e inventariar los hechos acaecidos en Tajo Fuerte junto a un patrimonio cultural convertido hoy en un interesante yacimiento arqueológico. Su puesta en valor podría fomentar su protección y divulgación, favoreciendo la dinamización de la economía local y comarcal.AbstractDuring the Rebellion of the Alpujarras, many clashes between Christian and Muslim troops happened. However, there is little information as to the details of most these episodes or the exact location where they occurred. This research will seek to locate, analyze and inventory the events that occurred in Tajo Fuerte and the cultural heritage nowadays converted into an interesting archaeological site. Putting value on it may promote its protection and promotion, favoring the revitalization of local and regional economy.

La declaración de un Espacio Natural Protegido (ENP) en una zona rural deprimida, habitualmente es visto por los residentes como un escaparate al mundo y la solución a todos los problemas que les aquejan. Tras el ingreso de las tierras de Cabañeros en la élite de la protección medioambiental española en 1995, su posterior ampliación en 2005 supuso para el municipio de Los Navalucillos el logro de su objetivo, con la incorporación de las tierras de la vertiente septentrional del Macizo Rocigalgo.Mediante la combinación de técnicas cuantitativas y cualitativas, este trabajo evaluará el escaso impacto socioeconómico que el Parque Nacional de Cabañeros ha tenido en el municipio de Los Navalucillos durante los últimos trece años, y su relación con el resto del Área de Influencia Socioeconómica.AbstractThe declaration of a Protected Natural Area (PNA) in a depressed rural zone, it is usually perceived by its inhabitants as a way to show their land to the world and the solution to all the problems that affect them. After the entry of Cabañeros Area into the elite of Spanish environmental protection in 1995, its subsequent expansion in 2005 meant for the village of Los Navalucillos the achievement of its aim, with the incorporation of the lands of the northern slope of the Rocigalgo peak.With the combination of quantitative and qualitative techniques, this paper will assess the limited socioeconomic impact of the National Park of Cabañeros in Los Navalucillos during the last thirteen years, and its relationship with the rest of the socioeconomic influenced area.