Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Since the introduction of the concept of Development as Freedom, developed by Amartya Sen, the methods of evaluation of development have substantially been enriched. From this concept, this research presents a conceptual development of the kinds of freedoms; as well as a proposal for prioritization of major restrictions affecting development. The main purpose is to analyze the process of expansion of economic freedoms resulting from the project: "Development of Aymara women leadership in communities of Puno, Peru". The study describes how the process of capacity building, in conjunction with motivational elements, culminates in the expansion of economic freedoms of the beneficiaries.

In this paper, we study the impact of the foreign investment and the openness degree on the economic growth in nine countries of Latin America 1980-2010. To do this, we consider a dynamic panel data model. The results show that both the openness and domestic investment have positive and significant impact on GDP per capita both in the short- run and long term. FDI has only a short-term effect, which suggesting the possible existence of adjustment costs that outweighs the positive and expansive effects.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the accuracy of estimates elaborated in the Quarterly Spanish National Accounts (QSNA) regarding the evolution of the main economic variables. In particular, we assess the quality and precision of the estimates by analyzing the possible existence of systematic discrepancies between the advances (first estimate) of a certain quarter and the successive estimates published for this same reference quarter.

Our main objective is to review the extensive work published by Antonio Pulido throughout his long teaching and research career, using this review to illustrate the evolution in our country of applied economics, in general, and econometrics in particular. In order to ease the tracking of such a large work, the contributions have been grouped around seven blocks, which correspond to each of the sections of this article, and which are linked, respectively, with econometric methodology, applied models, regional economy, Input-output, the university and R & D, the analysis and economic prospects and other areas of interest.

La predicción económica es una actividad tan apasionante como controvertida. A pesar del consenso generalizado sobre su necesidad, existe un amplio debate sobre la idoneidad de las técnicas y métodos para elaborar predicciones, las medidas para evaluar su precisión e incluso el papel que los organismos de prospectiva deben desempeñar en un entorno socioeconómico cambiante e incierto.Todos estos temas han sido abordados en el presente número monográfico “Predicción económica: métodos y herramientas”, elaborado como homenaje al profesor Antonio Pulido San Román y que pretende reconocer su indudable contribución al desarrollo de la predicción económica en nuestro país.

This article starts from a reflection on the long path that separates the sciences in which laws of strict compliance predominate, of those others, like Economy, in which only regularities of the past exist and they must risk with uncertain predictions about future. In addition, if the prediction environment is VUCA (volatility, uncertainty, complexity and ambiguity), the task becomes complicated. It is necessary to make a critical review of the past of economic and business prediction to move on to a reflection of its future.

In recent years, food supply security is one of the most important issues in economic science. In this paper, this concept will be linked to the price of food, exactly with the price differential between producers and consumers. The aim of this article is to study these variables in 73 countries worldwide to identify common profiles of behaviour. With such aim in mind, the cluster and CHAID methodologies will be used to analyse this topic. It can be concluded that in developed countries food margins have increased while food security indicators have remained stable, while in developing countries margins have declined in the face of marked improvements in these indicators.

The usefulness of economic forecasts is a fact in developed countries in order to anticipate the decision-making process or the specific implementation of economic policies. Air passenger traffic is one of the main economic magnitudes in a country, especially relevant in Spain, one of the worldwide tourist destination leaders. In this paper, it is addressed the forecasting of total national air passenger traffics, according to the monthly evolution registered by AENA, using SARIMAX models. It is tested whether, and to what extent, the predictive power of aggregated air passenger traffic in Spain can be improved by using more detailed and individualized information through a disaggregated approach (from the addiction of the individual regional airports forecasts), in terms of reliability and accuracy of results

This paper carried out an exploratory study of the inherent seasonality of tourism demand in Spain from a new methodological perspective. It analyses the monthly indicator of tourist arrivals by main autonomous community destination for the last 10 years, disaggregated in seven geographical areas. The originality of this research lies in structuring this information in a multiple table. A combination of the Multiple Factor Analysis and the Classification Methods is the technical selected as the most suitable to achieve the objectives through its many numerical and graphical measures.

Solvency II (European Parliament Directive 2009/138/EC) establishes the criteria and the quantitative and qualitative standards that insurance companies operating in the European Union must undertake to ensure their solvency and financial stability. Solvency II is structured in three pillars and covers, through a modular scheme, the various risks to which an insurer is exposed. This paper focuses on some of the life business modules and studies the Solvency Capital Requirement (SCR) for three types of insurances: endowment policy, whole life insurance and immediate renters insurance. In particular, the work analyzes, within the standard model, the calculus of the capital requirement for the mortality and longevity sub-modules and presents a very simple tool that, given the life table, simplifies SCR operations for any single policy of these sub-modules. The analysis shows how the SCR for a portfolio may be predicted through a linear function by grouping policies by age and/or timing. Contrary to what would be expected from the law of large numbers, relative capital requirements do not decrease with the size of the portfolio.