Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Objetive: Know the postoperative complications in patients undergoing gynecological laparoscopic surgery at the Dr. Manuel Gea González General Hospital. Material and method: A retrospective observational study was carried out in the Laparoscopic Gynecology Department of the Dr. Manuel Gea González General Hospital, in Mexico City, where all patients undergoing laparoscopic gynecological surgery (a total of 553 laparoscopic procedures) were searched and included, and those that presented some type of surgical complication, during the period from January 2014 to August 2017. For this purpose, the books of operating room surgical procedure records, gynecology service database and the clinical medical records. Results: A total series of 553 gynecological laparoscopic surgical interventions were reviewed, a total of 27 (4.9%) patients experienced postoperative surgical complications, all were minor complications, and fever was the most frequent complication with 16 cases (2.9%), follow by abscess pelvic/vaginal dome with 4 cases (0.7%) and pulmonary thromboembolism with 3 cases (0.5%). Three patients were re-intervened (0.5%); and in 2 cases (0.4%) the laparoscopic procedure was aborted to turn it into open surgery. Conclusion: our results show that gynecological laparoscopic interventions are safe, and are associated with a low frequency of complications, but that this procedure is not exempt from presenting them, so it is necessary to keep them in mind, in order to know how to respond appropriately and have more satisfactory results.

The aim of this study was to identify limitations and opportunities for providing brief smoking cessation interventions in Costa Rican community pharmacies.  A total of three focus groups were conducted between November 2014 and June 2015.  Information collected was classified into four main categories: treatment, knowledge and beliefs, patient support, and work-related aspects.  Meetings were audio recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using ATLAS.ti 7. Pharmacists who participated in the focus groups (n = 22) were concerned with different aspects of pharmacological and non-pharmacological smoking cessation treatment options they can use to address tobacco consumption.  Participants also focused on the need to improve their communication skills and nicotine dependence knowledge, and to have better tools to interact with smokers. Participants were aware of their important role in providing smoking cessation interventions.  Brief, 3-5-minute, smoking cessation interventions must be presented as an effective strategy for busy community pharmacists.

Melatonin is a hormone synthetized mainly by the pineal gland. Its secretion has a defined circadian rhythm and it presents high serum values during the day but almost undetectable at night. This circadian rhythm in humans depends on postranslational regulation as ubiquitination and aralkylamine N-acetyltransferase´s proteolysis. For several years this gland was considered the only endogenous source of melatonin. Nowadays it is well known that melatonin is produced by the retina, gastrointestinal tract, skin, platelets, bone marrow, liver and other cells. There are two types of melatonin receptors, which are distributed in multiple organs. The role of melatonin as a regulator of gastrointestinal transit and as a contributor to the status of euglycemia has been described. It also acts as an antioxidant agent, in the context of acute myocardial infarction and hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy. Currently there are several melatonergic agonists with specific indications. At this time there are multiple clinical trials that seek to expand the therapeutic horizons of melatonin.

The patients with HIV/aids have been object of multiple researches because of the neurological complications they develop during the disease. With images of the brain acquired from magnetic resonance is possible to obtain the volumetric values of the brain area in these patients, doing a voxel-based morphometry. Fourteen magnetic resonance images were acquired from HIV/aids patients (n = 14), and the results were compared with fourteen healthy controls (n = 14). Measures of the volume of the brain using voxel-based morphometry were assessed, comparatively, from the gray matter, white matter, caudate nucleus, hippocampus and corpus callosum. Other variables, as age, were taken into consideration. In conclusion, there is a statistical significant difference in the total cerebral volume (p=0.028) of patients with HIV/aids in comparison with healthy controls. Even though, further studies, and analysis with other variables are needed to establish the behavior of the brain volume of individuals with HIV/aids.

The intravascular leiomyomatosis is a rare pathology, described as a non malicious proliferation generally composed for smooth muscle cells originated from the uterus vein walls, this mass has the ability to invade gonadal, iliac and renal veins until the inferior cava vein, in some exceptional cases it could reach the right heart cavities, causing an embolic or obstructive pathology. Due to its low incidence and few reported cases, the management of the intravascular leiomyomatosis produces confusion on its diagnostic and treatment. A clinical case is presented of a 36 years old female, who consults the emergency services presenting an abdominal pain, diarrheic depositions and low orally tolerance, associated to edema in lower members. The patient has background of a six-month prior hysterectomy with left salpingo-oophorectomy. Using an abdominal echography, computerized angiotomography, and the transthoracic ultrasound, it was checked the presence of a tumoral mass that invaded the iliac veins, left renal, inferior cava vein, until it reached the right heart cavities. A two-time surgical management was decided. The post-surgical pathology assessment determined the diagnostic of the intravascular leiomyomatosis with extension to great vessels. 

The glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) derived from proglucagon, consistis of 42 aminoacids and it is released in response to hormonal, neuronal and nutritional stimuli. This peptide is produced by the L-type enteroendocrine cells of the intestinal tract, in α cells of the pancreas and in neurons of the nucleus of the solitary tract. GLP-1 acts on GLP-1 receptors and it is rapidly degraded by dipeptidyl peptidase 4. GLP-1, is one of the incretins that promotes the transcription of insulin and its secretion, additionally it has been demonstrated that it serves as a trophic factor on pancreatic β cells.  This peptide functions on the central nervous system as a neuroprotector agent and as an anorectic. It also has gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, renal, skeletal and metabolic effects. The metabolic changes observed after bariatric surgery are considered mediated by the action of GLP-1. Currently, multiple GLP-1 receptor agonists have been developed which are being used mainly as a hypoglycemic treatment in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Pulmonary function tests evaluate lung volumes and capacities, airway resistance, and the response of the respiratory system to exercise. The objective of this article is to approach physiologically the performance and interpretation of: dynamic test, flow-volume curve and 6-minute walk test. The dynamic test and the flow - volume curve reflect the resistance of the airway, factors that influence resistance will affect the results of these tests. Exercise produces an increase in pulmonary blood flow and alveolar ventilation, events that normally do not produce disturbances in conduction and diffusion of O2 to tissues and CO2 into alveolar air.  The 6-minute walk test does not allow to identify the causes of exercise limitation, but it allows the global assessment of exercise tolerance.

OBJETIVO: Identificar los factores de riesgo y protección frente al consumo de drogas en los estudiantes ingresantes a la FACS – UNJBG – Tacna, 2015. MATERIAL Y MÉTODO: Estudio descriptivo, transversal y correlacional, muestra 64 ingresantes a ESOD, ESEN y ESOB de la FACS. Se aplicó Cuestionario con datos generales del ingresante, factores protectores y de riesgo. Se utilizó Software SPSS y la prueba estadística del Chi cuadrado con 95% de confiabilidad y significancia de p<0.05. RESULTADOS: Los ingresantes tienen de 18 a más años, predomina el género femenino, la mayoría solo estudia y no tienen pareja ni hijos. Existe relación entre los factores protectores y de riesgo frente al consumo de drogas, destacándose como factores protectores a nivel individual autoestima media (58,14%), adecuada comunicación (39,53%), nivel de información media (51,16%), a nivel familiar destaca que los padres no consumen (55,81%), ni recibió maltratos ni violencia (90,70%) y a nivel social no ene amigos que consumen y la disponibilidad y accesibilidad es difícil y muy difícil. Como factores de riesgo a nivel individual se destacan autoestima baja (47,62%), comunicación agresiva e inadecuada (28,57% y 47,62%), consume drogas y lo hace por curiosidad (80,95%) y presión de amigos, a nivel familiar los padres consumen, ha recibido maltratos (28,57%) y presión de grupos/maltrato (71,43%), a nivel social sus amigos si consumen (76,19%), su entorno es de riesgo venden (56,90%), consumen (83,61%), es muy fácil y fácil conseguir drogas legales (66,67%) e ilegales (71,43%).

El presente proyecto de investigación se desarrolló en la Asociación de vivienda Las Américas del distrito de Gregorio Albarracín Lanchipa en Tacna. El propósito del presente estudio fue determinar si existe relación entre el ciclo de vida y la funcionalidad familiar en familias de la asociación Las Américas, y a su vez determinar algunas características sociodemográficas de las familias. Es un estudio de tipo descriptivo correlacional prospectivo conformado por una población muestral de 42 familias de esta asociación quienes respondieron a las entrevistas. Se aplicaron dos instrumentos a un total de 42 miembros de las familias que cumplían los criterios de inclusión. Los instrumentos utilizados en el presente estudio fueron, un instrumento sobre el ciclo de vida familiar según Duvall (2) que considera 8 etapas de vida familiar y el cuestionario de funcionamiento familiar que considera cuatro dimensiones y 7 sub variables. Los resultados indicaron en forma general que el mayor porcentaje de familias El 45.23 % de familias presenta una funcionalidad moderadamente funcional, el 50 % de familias de la asociación Las Américas presenta un ciclo vital de “familias con hijos adolescentes”, no existe relación significativa entre la funcionalidad familiar y el ciclo vital familiar. Las familias en su mayoría son de tipo nuclear con estado civil conviviente, con ocupación de comerciantes que se encuentran entre la edad de 41 años a más, con un grado de instrucción de secundaria completa, procedentes de la sierra.

El Síndrome de Joubert es un raro trastorno autosómico recesivo con una incidencia de aproximadamente 1/100.000 nacidos vivos. Hasta el momento se han descubierto 10 genes que codifican proteínas ciliares cuya alteración origina patología sistémica incluyendo tubulopatía renal, inmunodeficiencia y alteración de la migración neuronal en cerebelo y tronco encefálico. El criterio diagnóstico más importante es la identificación del "Signo del Molar" en imágenes axiales por Resonancia Magnética Cerebral, el cual refleja hipoplasia de los pedúnculos y vermis cerebelosos. La asociación con el espectro de Dandy-Walker es extremadamente rara. Presentamos el caso de una paciente mujer de 10 meses que presentó hiperpnea, hipotonía, y nistagmus desde el nacimiento y llegó referida a nuestro hospital a los 6 meses. Durante su evaluación se encontró además retraso psicomotor global e insuficiencia renal crónica secundaria a poliquistosis renal. A los 10 meses de edad presentó neumonía intrahospitalaria y candidiasis sistémica con empeoramiento de la función renal. El estudio por resonancia magnética cerebral mostró el “Signo del Molar" y otras malformaciones encefálicas en el espectro de Dandy–Walker.