Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

El presente estudio descriptivo-retrospectivo y analítico se realizó en el Hospital H. Unánue de Tacna de enero 1995 a agosto del 2001, con el propósito de conocer los resultados de las medidas de diagnóstico y de tratamiento quirúrgico de Hidatidosis hepático - pulmonar en 12 pacientes de ambos sexos y edades entre 6 a 80 años, del servicio de Cirugía.   Los resultados indican que la hidatidosis predomina en segunda a cuarta década de la vida (75%) y los pacientes proceden de zonas ganaderas alto andinas de Tacna, Puno y otros departamentos. El diagnóstico es satisfactorio con las medidas usadas, complementando al estudio clínico y epidemiológico.   La intervención quirúrgica inmediata al diagnóstico resulta ser necesaria por los daños quísticos de larga evolución. La técnica quirúrgica mayor utilizada es la quistectomía y sus variantes, complementadas por drenaje tubular y de penrose. Se encontraron complicaciones en el 33%, por infección, evisceración, obstrucción intestinal, drenaje de secreción persistente e infectado y coma hiperosmolar.   El tratamiento se basa en un esquema de antibióticos y quimioterápicos asociados entre una cefalosporina de tercera generación más aminoglucócidos o metronidazol. No es recomendable el uso de solución hipertónica en lavado de cavidad peritoneal por producir hipernatremia y coma hiperosmolar fatal.

Introducción: La adolescencia es un período de vida importante, que lo que ocurra en su salud, será decisivo para el nivel de salud y calidad de vida posteriores. El objetivo fue conocer la incidencia del embarazo en madres adolescentes atendidas en hospitales del Ministerio de Salud del Perú, durante el año 2008. Material y Métodos: Estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y transversal. Se analizó un total de 17,965 embarazos en adolescentes (10 a 19 años) cuyo parto fue atendido en 23 hospitales del Ministerio de Salud durante el año 2008. La fuente de información fue la base de datos del Sistema Informático Perinatal. Se utilizó la tasa de incidencia por 100 nacimientos, según hospital, región natural y etapa de vida. Resultados: La incidencia de embarazo en adolescentes fue 19,2 por 100 nacimientos, oscilando entre 13,3% en el hospital San Bartolomé de Lima y 30,8% en el hospital Apoyo de Iquitos. Existe diferencias significativas (p<0,01) entre regiones naturales siendo la incidencia de 17,6% en la sierra, 18,1% en la costa y 29% en la selva. De acuerdo a las etapas de la adolescencia, 0,99% cursaron su embarazo en etapa temprana de la adolescencia, 22,45% en etapa media y la mayoría en etapa tardía (76,56%). Conclusión: La tasa de incidencia de embarazo en adolescentes en hospitales del Ministerio de Salud del Perú se encuentra en el promedio latinoamericano.

Se ha reportado el caso de una mujer 31 años de edad gestante de 36 ½ semanas a quien se le estableció el diagnóstico de linfoma no Hodgkin de células grandes B difuso primario rectal EC IIE-A. La terapia establecida consistió en cesárea transversa anterior (por ser cesareada anterior) y la terapia oncológica administrada en el Hospital fue Rituximab (Mabthera®) más CHOP por 8 cursos cada 21 días con respuesta completa. Se administró radioterapia de consolidación obteniendo una respuesta completa durable hasta la actualidad con un tiempo transcurrido mayor a 27 meses sin evidencia de enfermedad

Se reporta un caso de una paciente de 20 años de edad con marcada protrusión maxilar, biprotrusión labial y deglución atípica, cuyo motivo de consulta es mejorar la Estética Facial. Razón de gran importancia en nuestra sociedad, pues un problema estético con seguridad ocasiona problemas psicológicos y funcionales serios.

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine neoplasia worldwide and is frequently observed between 45 and 54 years of age. Disease related mortality is usually observed in older patients and it represents around 0.5% of all cases. The primary objective of this study was to determine the main histopathological types of thyroid cancer in patients diagnosed by the Pathology Department of the San Juan de Dios Hospital Caja Costarricense de Seguro Social (CCSS) from 2010 to 2015.Methodology: A retrospective observational study was conducted, in which medical records of patients diagnosed with thyroid cancer were analyzed.Results: At the diagnosis, patients showed an average age of 48.2 years. The female/male ratio was 6.6: 1 and the global mortality identified was 5.9%. Regarding cancer type, papillary thyroid carcinoma was the most common (90.6%) followed by follicular (4.5%), medullary (2.2%) and anaplastic (1.0%).Discussion and conclusions: Characteristics identified exhibit similar behavior of what is reported worldwide. It is worth highlighting a greater female / male ratio, as well as a difference in mortality.

Monoclonal antibodies are specialized glycoproteins of the immune system. They are produced from B cells and have the ability to recognize a specific antigen. From the theory of hybridoma generation developed by Köhler and Milstein in 1975, they became essential tools in the clinical and the biotechnological fields, and over the years have been useful in the diagnosis and the treatment of infectious, immunological and neoplastic diseases. Such antibodies often bind only to a specific target, which limits their therapeutic potential in diseases caused by multiple mediators and mechanisms. As a result, bispecific monoclonal antibodies emerged, which, together with advances in the physiopathological mechanisms of cancer, have become an effective and attractive therapeutic alternative. In Costa Rica, there is a considerable investment in the purchase of monoclonal antibodies by the Public Health system. It is expected that, once clinical studies are approved and more bispecific antibodies are commercialized, these can be offered to its patients.

Lymphomas are malignant lymphoid tumors, which are divided into Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin types. Within the second group, there is a subtype called extranodal marginal zone lymphoma of mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue. This subtype occurs mainly in women older than 50 years of age and is associated with certain chromosomal abnormalities, autoimmune diseases, immunosuppression status and chronic antigenic stimulation.Its diagnosis is based on imaging and histopathology studies and its treatment usually consists of inmunochemotherapy, radiotherapy or antibiotic treatment. It is of vital importance to make an early diagnosis to give an early treatment and in this way avoid complications.Of all the extranodal marginal zone lymphomas, 5-10% are located in the ocular annexes, of which 50 to 60% correspond to orbital lymphomas. On rare occasions they present bilaterally.In this paper we will describe the clinical presentation, diagnostic work and therapeutic management of a 54-year-old patient who developed an Extranodal Marginal Zone Lymphoma in her right orbit; as well as a brief review of the subject.

Blood transfusion confers obvious clinical benefits; however, it has some risks and adverse results if it´s not carried out under the strict controls that guarantee the safety of the donation, storage and adequate transfusion. Leukoreduction is the process by which leukocytes are removed from donated blood, and the current standards of the American Association of Blood Banks stablishes a residual value of white blood cells <5 × 106 per unit. The clinical benefit of the selective application goes into patients subjected to multiple transfusions, immunocompromised and interned in the Intensive Care Units. Universal leukoreduction consists of carrying out this procedure in all transfusions to any type of patient and the proven benefits are aimed at reducing febrile nonhemolytic reactions, HLA alloimmunizations and viral transmissions. From the medical point of view, universal leukoreduction seems to be justified, but the cost of implementation has to be considered. When estimating costs in Costa Rica based on the units collected in 2017, universal implementation would surpass $2 million, a significant investment for a middle-income country.

Infective endocarditis mainly affects the heart valves, and produces a primary lesion known as vegetation. 50% of patients that develop this disease do not have associated risk factors. Clinical manifestations are variable, nevertheless the most frequent ones are fever, anemia and the development of a new heart murmur or the aggravation of an old one. The clinical evolution of endocarditis depends on the microorganism causing it; usually is caused by a Streptococcus spp. or Staphylococcus aureus. In the elderly and immunodeficient patients, Streptococcus gallolyticus is most common pathogen. Neurological complications are the most common and serious complications of infectious endocarditis. Within these, mycotic aneurysm presents a high mortality rate, up to 60-80%. The present article discusses the case, of a young patient without know risk factors who developed an infectious endocarditis due to Streptococcus gallolyticus and presents a mycotic aneurysm as a complication.

Objetive: know the gynecological pathologies that have been resolved laparoscopically at the Dr. Manuel Gea González General Hospital, in Mexico City. Material and method: We describe a descriptive and retrospective study of gynecological pathologies resolved by laparoscopy, performed in the Laparoscopic Gynecology service of the Dr. Manuel Gea González General Hospital, in Mexico city, from January 2014 to December 2017. Patients undergoing the procedure are included laparoscopic surgical. The information was obtained from the operating room surgical procedure log books, the Gynecology service database and the clinical medical records. Results: A total series of 622 gynecological laparoscopic surgical procedures were reviewed; the average age was 37.9 years. The gynecological pathologies that were most frequently resolved were uterine myomatosis with 288 cases (45.9%), serous cystadenoma with 113 cases (18.0%), mature cystic teratomas 35 cases (5.6%), ectopic pregnancies 26 cases (4.2%). The laparascopic procedures that were performed most frequently were Laparoscopic Histerectomy with 226 cases (36.3%), folowed by Salpingoopherectomy 88 cases (14.1%), Cystectomy 86 cases (13.8%), Salpingectomy 46 cases (7.4%), Laparoscopic Diagnostic with 43 cases (6.9%). Conclusion:  In our study it was found that most of diagnosed gynecological pathologies can be treated laparoscopically, and that they are also adequate and safe procedures for the resolution of these pathologies.