Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article explores the related Andean concepts of pallqa (bifurcation) and huaca (sacred animate entity) through considering the meanings attributed to corporeal manifestations of bifurcation. It takes as its central point of reference the under-discussed supplementary chapters of the early colonial Quechua Huarochirí Manuscript of Peru. These chapters describe the significance of twin births and distinctive hair growth patterns (parca, i.e. pallqa) and their ominous interpretations according to the traditions of the Checa ethnic group of San Damián. Drawing on the Andeanist ethnographic literature and my experience of doing fieldwork in San Damián with a double-crowned baby, I offer a contextualized translation of the Aymara term parca. This term is central for understanding the fundamental difference between the sacred and the mundane. In Andean society, those born with physical differences, particularly a parca, are associated with ancestor lightning beings from whom they are said to inherit certain characteristics while in the womb.

In 1976 the Regional Museum of Oaxaca (Mexico) received the donation of a collection of musical instruments belonging to the ethnomusicologist Samuel Martí (1906-1975) that was exhibited for a short time. A research and curatorial project has recently made it possible to exhibit these instruments again with the goal of exploring the motivations that gave rise to the collection and the close relationship it bears with the different facets of the collector’s life. This renowned Mexican-American researcher was a musician, ethnomusicologist, archaeomusicologist, and cultural advocate. Some of the instruments appeared in several of Martí’s publications, but without, any detailed documentation. This article approaches the Martí collection from an historiographic and museographic perspective, and explores why Martí selected the specimens he did.

Research on hydronymy in South American territory is practically absent in academic circles, even as the scientific study of hydronyms in Europe has achieved important results in uncovering the presence of ancient European peoples. Hydronymy in Amazonia thus has the potential of shedding more light on the prehistory and movement of ancient Amazonian peoples, especially the Arawak people, due to their long cultural history and extensive expansion through river networks. For this purpose, we undertook a preliminary study of Arawak hydronyms, collected from available dictionaries and grammars, proposing methods of recognition and analysis based on European studies and their technical concepts (e.g. eponymisation or epexegesis). Subsequently, we propose a typology of Arawak hydronyms based on their nominal categorisation system, which is reflected in the mechanisms of noun formation. Thus, we find some hydronymic morphemes which, in some cases, appear combined with a locative marker or historically with a gender marker, but there are alsoothers that will have to be traced and confirmed in future hydronymic research.

This article presents the different ethnic groups known collectively as Moxos that were identifiable in the early colonial period through the geography of Antisuyu, and beyond their traditional identification with the Arawak peoples of the Mamoré. We demonstrate that the term corresponds to a generic category applied indistinctly to different Antisuyu groups. An etymological proposal is put forward for the term, based on a general category of Aymara origin that was used to stereotypically name the jungle ‘others’ that inhabited the eastern foothills of the Andean mountain range.

This article suggests that trophy head taking among the Classic Maya was a complex phenomenon. It assesses physical anthropological analyses and archaeological data along with iconography and the comparative ethnology of Amerindian cultures that practised the taking of trophy heads, I propose a typology which comprises five variants of trophy heads in the region, all of them obtained in purely war contexts and at the moment of the battle rather than in a ‘head hunt’. These objects were not merely human trophies, but also the main actors in regenerative processes that subscribed to this activity in a complex group of productive consumption activities.

In this article I analyse the text of the Mural of the 96 Glyphs of Room 29-sub of Ek Balam, comparing it to another text found in Structure 10K2 located in Xultun, Guatemala. Based on the recent decipherments of the inscriptions of Xultun, the part of the text of Ek Balam that previously failed to be understood can be re-examined and with this method of intertextuality I can present a new reading of the inscription.

In Peru, the commemorations of the centennial of the ‘Putumayo Scandal’ offered the ideal conditions for discussing the meaning of rubber exploitation and its impact on the indigenous population of the Amazon through different artistic, journalistic and academic perspectives.The present work offers some insight into photographic archives and their uses in the construction of the visual memory of the Peruvian Amazon. It recognizes the way in which recent exhibitions and illustrated publications covering the rubber period insist on a timeless and Manichaean display of this phenomenon and the actors involved in it. In this way, we reconstruct the production process of the clichés referred to the rubber exploitation and its early circulation emphasizing the context in which they were created, the compilation of these images in various collections and repositories and, finally, their so-called ‘discovery’, as well as their selection, exhibition and use in the construction of contemporary narratives about the history of the Amazon and its link to the rest of the country.

With a view to analyzing relationships between humans and plants, we follow here the corn and carob in agriculture and gathering practices. The first, promoted by Franciscans in the early 1900s at Mission Nueva Pompeya, and the second, presented by women from the Wichí people of El Sauzalito and Mission Nueva Pompeya in November 2019. This study contributes to the multispecies approach, on the one hand, by making visible networks of humans and non-humans present in the practices analyzed, discovering environments that are not a homogeneous and static background as a theatrical setting. On the other hand, by destabilizing the human hierarchy in plant reproduction, lighting up multiple elements, for example, rain, earth, wind, birds, non-human owners and shadow, which contribute to its existence.

This article explores the connections between the state advance and extractivism in Neuquén, from the end of the 19th century and during the 20th century, to observe the continuities in the territorial effects and the effects on Mapuce society in Neuquén, based on the analysis of the state and extractivist advance. To this end, it situates the consolidation of the Argentine state in northern Patagonia through a process that is contested as ‘genocide’, and analyses how this is constituted as a material and symbolic precedent for the imposition of an extractivist energy matrix based on the exploitation of natural resources. It also looks transversally at the forms of resistance and organisation of the Mapuce people for territorial defence and their local expressions in the territorial and provincial periods of Neuquén.

Introducción: el síndrome antifosfolípido es una enfermedad trombofílica, autoinmune, rara, todavía poco conocida por todos los profesionales de la salud, lo cual implica demora en el diagnóstico y en el tratamiento oportuno.Objetivo: exponer los factores de impacto social del síndrome antifosfolípido por su incidencia en la calidad de vida de los pacientes.Métodos: se realizó la revisión de la bibliografía a través del motor de búsqueda Google Académico con los descriptores: síndrome antifosfolípido, morbimortalidad, daño, impacto social, calidad de vida, en las bases de datos SciELO, Medline-Pubmed, Hinari.Resultados: la revisión se centra en cuatro subtemas: Ocurrencia del síndrome antifosfolípido en la morbimortalidad trombótica y obstétrica, La recurrencia de los eventos trombóticos y el daño crónico acumulado, El deterioro de la calidad de vida de los pacientes con síndrome antifosfolípido, e Importancia de la labor educativa en el impacto social del síndrome antifosfolípido. Los cambios en los estilos de vida para la corrección de los factores de riesgo que deben enfrentar estos pacientes, añaden restricciones a su vida diaria y el temor a las recurrencias y a la muerte, provocan alteraciones psicológicas adicionales que motivan atención especializada.Conclusiones: se hace necesario diseñar estrategias de salud a gran escala para la atención integral y multidisciplinaria de los pacientes con síndrome antifosfolípido, que incluyan capacitar a los profesionales de la salud y aplicar acciones educativas que involucren a las familias.