Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

En este artículo se plantea que tanto la sociología como la neurociencia de las emociones dejan fuera elementos importantes en su explicación del fenómeno emocional; por ello, una colaboración entre disciplinas es deseable. Aquí se plantea lo que dos neurocientíficos prominentes en el campo de las emociones (Antonio Damasio y Joseph LeDoux) muestran indirectamente en su explicación acerca del proceso emocional: la necesidad de la sociedad —en la casi totalidad de los casos— de la aparición de la emoción en los individuos. Los dos momentos en los que esto es visible es en la percepción del suceso emocionalmente competente y en la experiencia emocional. Esto permite el diálogo con esta disciplina. Se presentan algunos ejemplos de cómo una colaboración interdisciplinaria sería posible

Introduction: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) have a decrease in the activity of the disease when it evolves to chronic kidney disease (CKD). Relapses of SLE have been published in this stage in different ethnic groups, but not in Hispanic patients who are traditionally associated with a worse prognosis.Objective: To describe the cases of patients with CKD undergoing hemodialysis with a diagnosis of disease relapse.Case presentations: We present 4 cases (2 men and 2 women) with an average age of 28 years. They had an average SLEDAI score without renal criteria of 20.25, and presented exacerbations of different characteristics. All these patients received immunosuppressive treatment and 2 of them died.Conclusions: Our health system should establish adequate follow-up measures for patients with frequent evaluations of the activity and the disease so that it allows to make an early diagnosis and treatment.  Our health system should implement new measures for the follow-up of patients with SLE receiving hemodialysis for the early diagnosis and treatment of relapses due to SLE.Keyword: Systemic lupus erythematosus, renal dialysis, recurrence, prognosis.

Introduction: In the last years, diagnostic and therapeutic digestive endoscopy has been favored by the scientific and technical development. This has been possible due to the development of scientific research in which it is necessary to comply with ethical standards.Objective: This work aims to assess and present ethical aspects in research as well as to take into consideration some points related to the field of digestive endoscopy.Material and Methods: A bibliographic search was made about the aspects related to ethics in the field of research in general and in digestive endoscopy specifically, from 2008 to March 15th, 2018. Biomedical databases were used such as: SciELO Regional, SciELO Cuba, Pub-Med, Medline, Cumed, Lilacs, Clinical Key, Ebsco, Cochrane and Google search engine. A total of 20 scientific papers were chosen.Results: The scientific and technical advances have reported great benefits for humanity; the research works carried out to promote this development have sometimes led to serious ethical problems, hence the need to promote and comply with bioethical principles in order to respect the right and dignity of the person.Conclusions: Research work carried out in the field of gastroenterology promotes scientific and technical development and physicians´ knowledge.  Acting in compliance with bioethical principles is essential and should be a paradigm for physicians that guides them in the technique and humanism and encourages them to become better people day after day. Keywords: Ethics, Bioethics, Endoscopy, Gastroenterology, Research, Informed Consent, Ethics Committees.

 Objective. To analyze the contribution of natural, processed and ultra-processed foods to energy and nutrient supply in Mexican households. Materials and methods. The da­tabase of the National Household Expenditure Survey 2013 was analyzed (n=58 001), which is a cross-sectional survey. Food supply (g/adult equivalent/day) and energy, macro- and micro-nutrient supplies were estimated. Foods were classified following the NOVA system. Households sociodemographic characteristics were analyzed as covariates. Results. Natural foods (NF) contributed with more energy (55.0%) followed by ultra-processed foods (UPF, 21.2%). NF were the main source of most nutrients. Processed culinary ingredients (PCI) and processed foods (PF) had high content of energy, total fats, and saturated fats, but low content of certain micronu­trients. Sodium was mainly available in PF (34.6%) and UPF (31.4%). Sugar-sweetened beverages, fast foods, and biscuits and cookies were the main UPF in terms of energy supply. Conclusions. In Mexican households, the PCI, PF and UPF had low nutritional quality.

Objective. To evaluate the consumption of ultra-processed food and drink products and its association with the nutri­ent profile of the Colombian diet in 2005. Materials and methods. Food consumption based on 24-hour dietary records from 38 643 men and women was classified into four NOVA groups according to the extent and purpose of food processing. Results. Ultra-processed food and drink products represented 15.9% of the total energy daily intake, compared to 63.3% from minimally processed food, 15.8% from processed culinary ingredients, and 4.9% from processed food. Non-ultra-processed food items had a healthier nutri­tional profile compared to ultra-processed items in terms of contribution to total calories from protein, carbohydrates, total fat, saturated fat, free sugar, fiber and energy density. Conclusions. Ultra-processed food products have a less healthy nutrient profile than non-ultra-processed ones. An increase in the consumption of these foods must be prevented within Colombia.

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Objective. To compare peer-led dental education (PLDE) versus conventional dental instruction (CDI) in modifying children’s oral self-care. Materials and methods. The intervention group (two schools) received PLDE and the control group (two schools) received CDI. The quality of oral self-care practice (OSC-P) and oral self-care skills (OSC-S) were indicated by dental plaque levels (%) and compared before and after dental education. Results. There were no baseline OSC-P differences between the control (55.8 ± 12.8%) and intervention (55.5 ± 14.6%) groups or OSC-S differences between the intervention (38.5 ± 13.2%) and control (38.1 ± 12.5%) groups. At the three-month follow-up we observed OSC-P deterioration in the control group (63.2 ± 15.0%) and OSC-P improvement in the intervention group (52.2 ± 15.6%). The OSC-P/OSC-S regression models found these predictors: baseline oral self-care, group affiliation, and mother’s education (p<0.05). Conclusion. The hypothesis was confirmed and significant predictors were baseline oral self-care levels, group affiliation, and mother’s education.

Objectives. To review the implementation of the WHO Framework Convention onTobacco Control in theAmericas, describe two national case studies and analyze the evidence on electronic cigarettes from a public health perspective. Materials and methods. Revision of the tobacco control legislation and the scientific evidence regarding electronic cigarettes. Results. Implementation of tobacco control policies is not homogeneous, with important advances in smoke-free environments, pictorial health warnings, and epidemiological surveillance, but challenges that remain for the implementation of a total ban of tobacco advertising, increases in tobacco taxes, and tobacco cessation programs. Tobacco industry interference is one of the main obstacles for advancing and novel products create uncertainty about their regulation. Conclusion. There is a need for political will for a comprehensive implementation of the Convention, with evidence-based decisions to confront challenges and to defend the achievements from tobacco industry interference.