ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
0717-7194
Hanisch Espíndola, Walter
Instituto de Historia. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
This article analyses the life of Juan Egaña, focusing particularly on his philosophical ideas and productions. For this purpose, the works of the politician are studied, together with his personal letters, official reports, and other testimonies of the time. The topics covered, together with a biographical account of Egaña, are: logic, natural theology, human and animal psychology, parapsychology, philosophy of progress, utopian republics (focusing on the idea of American utopia), Americanism and scholasticism. It also explains the causes of independence in Chile and the role of Juan Egaña in the political emancipation and constitutional trials, identifying the Constitution of 1823 as his masterpiece. It is concluded that the interest in the study of the figure of Juan Egaña lies in his contributions in the constitutional and legal field, all the above to finally conclude that Juan Egaña is a vital source to know the philosophical thought of the time for being the only author of his time with a constant philosophical concern that left his thoughts in writing.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
0717-7194
Vial Correa, Gonzalo
Instituto de Historia. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
This article analyses the different conceptions of equality in America during the colonial period. It uses the chronicles and writings of authors such as Bernal Díaz del Castillo, Bernardino de Sahagún, Inca Garcilaso de la Vega, Alexander von Humboldt, Juan de Solórzano y Pereira and others. It also includes a collection of documents by Ricardo Konetzke and José Toribio Medina. The author argues that until the 17th century there was a levelling spirit in America, as positions and social advancement were open to merit. After that, however, social differences were accentuated, transforming the colonial castes into rigid institutions. Despite this, the mestizo impetus of Indian society eventually made the boundaries between castes blurred. The author concludes that the process that ends castes and leads to a society one step closer to equality is miscegenation.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
0717-7194
Oviedo Cavada, Carlos
Instituto de Historia. Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile
Resumen
This article studies the synods and councils made in Chile between 1584 and 1961. These are divided into two periods, Colonial synods (1584-1774) and Chilean synods (1851-1961). The sources used are the preserved acts of the synods and councils held, letters from the bishops to the king or the pope and different documents on canonical legislation. The article concludes that, despite the synodal discipline required by the Council of Trent, the periodic holding of synods has not been in force in Chile. In addition, it establishes differences between both periods, where the colonial synods were characterized by the mixture of civil and religious authority and the tendency to correct and punish. While the Chilean synods were characterized by the gradual distancing of the civil government and a positive promotion of the good.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-8291, 0210-7716
Abad Méndez, Yolanda
Universidad de Sevilla
Resumen
ABSTRACT: The Historical Archive of the University of Seville preserves the collection of the Saint Mary of Jesus school, an institution founded by Maese Rodrigo Fernández de Santaella, which gave rise to Universitarian studies in Seville. This documentation is dated between 1518 and 1836. Most of the documentary units are bound and present original limp vellum bindings that can be dated between the 16th and 18th centuries. This makes it possible to analyze the evolution of structures, elements and materials, constituting a very important source of information. Along with this, it is also possible to track the expenses incurred in bindings, within the accounting books that are part of the collection. Precisely the note made on the expenditure on the binding of the Constitutions of the College focuses the object of this article.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-8291, 0210-7716
Cartaya Baños, Juan
Universidad de Sevilla
Resumen
ABSTRACT: Obtained from a nobiliary record for the order of Santiago, I present in this article an unpublished list of Sevillians Veinticuatros, which covers between the years 1494 and 1590, closed to a century in which the Seville Council will evolve in a significant way: this list clearly shows us the various strata that made up the power groups in the city, in addition to the social change that occurred in Seville after the creation of the Casa de la Contratación, when a high number of rich merchants entered the town hall, until then occupied by noble lineages (including several first-time conversos) who had been there since the late Middle Ages. Notable or significant family groups, present in successive years in the City Council, as well as specific individuals of interest are mentioned, and the conflict of the group itself is analyzed, faced –for example– in the final years of the 16th century with the prosecutors of the Real Chancillería of Granada. Finally, I transcribe this document and turn it into a later list that facilitates its understanding.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-8291, 0210-7716
Archetti, Gabriele
Universidad de Sevilla
Resumen
ABSTRACT: The history of the vine and wine in the European Middle Ages is characterized by a rich historiographic production. The Italian case of eastern Lombardy and, in particular, the region of the province of Brescia known as Franciacorta is presented below. Located in the morainic hilly area between the Mella and Oglio rivers, naturally suited to viticulture, Franciacorta has found numerous documentary evidence since the early Middle Ages and records the presence of specialized vineyards and the early introduction of imported vines. Furthermore, in the varied wine panorama, the production of cisiolo, a lively and straw-colored fermented wine, obtained through a skilful winemaking technique, is illustrated. Celebrated by the great sixteenth-century agronomist Agostino Gallo, this wine may perhaps be considered the historic noble ancestor of the current Franciacorta, the sparkling wine that bears its name from the land of origin.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-8291, 0210-7716
Ayllón Gutiérrez, Carlos
Universidad de Sevilla
Resumen
ABSTRACT: This article clears several historiographical errors related to the founding of the convent of the Order of Preachers settled in the city of Chinchilla (Castile). It also clarifies some of its founding circumstances and delves into the influence that the creation of political factions during the 15th century exerted on that religious community. Likewise, it is exposed how the friars played an influence as an element that ensured a continuous monetary flow from the surrounding countryside to the city of Chinchilla.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-8291, 0210-7716
García Hurtado, Manuel-Reyes
Universidad de Sevilla
Resumen
ABSTRACT: The appointment of a consul of France was the exclusive competence of the French authorities, but the individuals who aspired to the position exercised their influence through their networks of contacts in the embassy in the Spanish Court and in the surroundings of the Secretary of the Navy in Paris. We present the analysis of the confrontation to obtain the consulate of Galicia by the son of the consul who held it until 1735, who saw his candidacy deeply marked by his lifestyle and his problems with justice, with the chancellor of the consulate, who acted as intelligently defending him and subjecting his nomination only secondarily, and with a former vice consul with whom the consul had had serious differences. All are going to mobilize, some in an open way and others in a more reserved way, arguments and people in their defense and/or discrediting the others. Finally, the selection of the new consul demonstrated that the interests of France were not subordinated to local intrigues.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-8291, 0210-7716
Marín Bueno, Juan; Ruiz Pilares, Enrique José
Universidad de Sevilla
Resumen
ABSTRACT: At the end of the Middle Ages, Cádiz and its enviroment presented strong dynamism related to the maritime trade, attracting numerous families of merchants from other regions. The Estopiñán, original from Aragón, made links with the Ducal House of Medina Sidonia, which control some lordships in the region. Among the members more featured of the lineage we can find Pedro de Estopiñán y Virués, specially known for leading the conquest of Melilla in 1497. However, with the courtier and military service, it was also important his participation in the wine production and its direct export to Flandes. This other facet of his life, similar to some of his relatives, is the aim of our work. In this way, using as an example his biography, we are going to explain the different ways of social promotion offered by the sea in the Atlantic Andalusia at the end of the Middle Ages.
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Año:
2022
ISSN:
2253-8291, 0210-7716
Polo Martín, Regina M.ª
Universidad de Sevilla
Resumen
ABSTRACT: the objective of this paper is to study the concession to the Count Duke of Olivares of the mercy of a regiduría in each of the Castilian cities with a vote in the Courts, a fixed and perpetual vote in those that were to be held alternately from now on and the prerogative of presiding over the Commission of Millions. The reasons for this grant are explained, clearly of a political nature to increase control over the Courts; the procedure followed, with consultations submitted to the monarch by the main councils and the consent given by the Reino junto en Cortes; its content, with emphasis on the qualities that adorned it, such as the priority of voice and seat and the power to appoint lieutenants; and, finally, the reactions and consequences in the town councils of the cities affected –the example of Salamanca is taken as an illustration–, and, after Olivares’ death, in the Kingdom.
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