Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article examines the role of cartography in patrimonial representation. It does so through a case analysis of Colombia’s ‘Coffee Cultural Landscape’, inscribed on the World Heritage List (UNESCO) since 2011. An inscription comprising four departments; and fifty-one municipalities, located in the Cordillera de los Andes. When investigating the antecedents and effects of this demarcation, complex exchanges are found between practices and representations, implicit to the processes and different protagonists of heritagization. Focusing on the act of mapping, both the interpretative models of the space that were in dispute during the preparation of the inscription are analyzed, as well as some local reinterpretations registered, after the same, by means of an ethnographic approach in one of the municipalities recognized as heritage.

This article seeks to show how the relationships between the different actors involved in the productive activity of fishing in Chile, during the 20th century, were modified by the introduction of capital as a new phenomenon favored by the State. These new relations took place within the framework of a tension between productivist and conservationist models on the part of the State and an industrial capital interested in the large-scale exploitation of the ocean, as well as in a concern for the environment that challenges the institutional framework and the environment resistance and adaptation of artisanal fishermen to these modifications.

A basic issue in the field of geographical knowledge regards the endowment of methods (as well as concepts) explaining current phenomena spatially located. Thus, the aim of this paper is to introduce the concept of heritage heterotopia, which is elaborated, applied and reviewed departing from Latin American research experiences. Methodologically, the research is structured: (i) from the interpretation of Foucault’s philosophic principles and Raffestin’s geographical notions, who respectively proposed the concepts hetetoropia and territorial ecogenesis; (ii) by the understanding of imaginative utopias and operative utopias, both produced by the heritage process (here conceptualized as patrimonialización), which produce, imaginary and concretely, the heritage heterotopia as the other space; and (iii) on the analysis of heritage heterotopia of disfigurement in the case of Xochimilco in Mexico City, and the research of heritage heterotopia of resistance with the example of Brasilia, in Brazil. Those corroborations allow the review of the concept and the reinforcement of the thesis of faculty of pre-vision of the imaginary which is created and spread as a guidance and entity for preservation.

The crisis of the first decade of the 21st century has reactivated the interest in alternative economic practices that, questioning the prevailing economic system, aim to contribute to propitiate a new socioeconomic logic based on respect for the environment, solidarity and social justice; among these practices, local currencies are included. The objective of this article is to reflect on the functioning of the monetary system and the role played by social currencies as an alternative economic practice, observing their incidence in the urban agglomeration of Seville. This main objective is specified in others: review the general framework of reference, synthesize information about the evolution experienced by social currencies, and analyze those created in the cases of study.

The polysemy of the territory is high in the academic debate and in the discourses of the social movements. In Latin America and Colombia in particular, the territory was built as an object of social demands that claim the “right to the territory” and that oppose the hegemonic conception of the territory promoted by the official policies of territorial management. New and ancient territorial resistances are formed on the basis of alternative territorial conceptions, which stress the state territory. This article traces the significance of territory according to various local Colombian social organizations (urban, peasant, indigenous, Afro-descendant) to understand the diversity of practices and meanings that arise from the local reappropriation of the concept of territory.

This work explores the relationship between class, ethnicity and space in Temuco, the city with the highest concentration of Mapuche indigenous people in Chile. Using the model of Erikson and Goldthorpe (1992), the location of Mapuche and non-Mapuche people  from different social classes is described. The results indicate that Mapuche and non-Mapuche individuals share spaces when both belong to qualified manual classes, while they differ spatially when individuals take part in non-manual and non-qualified classes. The results are important to observe the processes of socio-spatial fragmentation in intercultural cities.

The floods in Spain constitute the natural catastrophe that for centuries has produced the greatest material damage and loss of human lives. As a result, the fight against the negative effects of this risk has historically been a key element of hydrological planning and civil protection. In the 60th anniversary of the catastrophic flood that struck the city of Valencia, a discussion is made on the sufficiency of the infrastructures that were built to defend the city against new possible floods, reaching the conclusion that the risk has not been completely eradicated, and that new measures should be adopted in order to guarantee a higher degree of security. An analysis is made on the treatment that the plans on state, regional and local scale have over the city and the surrounding area, with the corresponding pronouncements made on the levels of flooding risk, and with the measures and limitations that must be observed in territorial and urban planning regarding the classifications of the soil, its uses and the urban regime.

This paper addresses the changes in Brazil’s agrarian pact during to the post-neoliberal period established in 2003 and intensified after the controversial impeachment process of the president in 2016. Basing on the analysis of agricultural data, legislation, and governmental acts, this paper shows that, in the name of legal security claiming to foster agriculture and development in general, a considerable involution is being imposed to the protection of social well-being; such an involution involves territorial liabilities of the policy that induces land grabbing.

Slight demographic dynamism is a phenomenon present in many European Union countries, and in particular, in Spain. Demographic projections by the National Institute of Statistics show an uninterrupted decline of the Spanish population, where the most affected regions would be some NUTS2 located in the north area. This paper explores the case of the Basque Country. After calculating a Demography Vulnerability Index and a Globalisation Vulnerability Index we try to identify the municipalities according to its level of vulnerability to demographic and economic changes. The study reveals a link between the demographic and economic behavior of the Basque municipalities: those that show the greatest resistance in demographic terms are those that present the greatest strength in economic terms.

Todas las obras hidráulicas se planean y diseñan con base en las Crecientes de Diseño. Sin información hidrométrica, estas predicciones se estiman con métodos hidrológicos que transforman lluvias de diseño en los gastos buscados. La escasez de pluviógrafos origina que las lluvias de diseño se estimen a partir de los registros de precipitación máxima diaria (PMD) anual de los pluviómetros. El análisis probabilístico de las series de PMD anual es idéntico al de las crecientes; pero aún no se han definido funciones de distribución de probabilidades (FDP) adecuadas o que se deban aplicar bajo precepto, por lo cual es necesario probar varias. Primero se buscó la mejor FDP en el diagrama de cocientes L, que incluye seis modelos de tres parámetros de ajuste. Se realiza una selección objetiva al emplear la distancia absoluta ponderada, en los 19 registros de PMD anual con más de 50 datos del estado de San Luis Potosí, México. Después se describen y aplican ocho índices de habilidad descriptiva (HD) a las ocho FDP que fueron contrastadas, en cada uno de los 19 registros de PMD. Los resultados se concentran y analizan por áreas geográficas del estado: Altiplano Potosino y Zona Media. Se obtuvo que la FDP Wakeby es un modelo de gran HD y por ello se sugiere que su aplicación se realice bajo precepto. También se definen las dos mejores opciones de FDP, en cada uno de los 19 registros procesados, de acuerdo a los ocho índices de HD. Por último, se realiza un contraste de predicciones con periodos de retorno de 50, 100, 500 y 1000 años, para explorar de manera somera la habilidad predictiva de las FDP encontradas como mejores opciones. En cada registro se aplican cuatro FDP, la obtenida según el diagrama de cocientes L; las dos mejores FDP según los ocho índices de HD y la distribución Wakeby. Se concluye que el uso del diagrama de cocientes L y la aplicación de los ocho índices de HD, son adecuados y conducen a una buena aproximación, ya que no se tuvo dificultad para seleccionar las predicciones adoptadas y la similitud que mostraron las predicciones calculadas en cada registro genera confianza en tales estimaciones.