Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The richness of our flora impressed the conquerors. As the author of this article affirms, Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo is the chronicler with the best reference on the natural aspects of our indigenous ancestors in the sixteenth century. Hence his interest in presenting to our readers descriptions of flora that Oviedo made of the domesticated plant species of the sixteenth century in our region and their respective correlations with scientific data and traditional information.

The quality of higher education has always been a controversial issue at the time of its discussion, if to this reality we add the integration of interculturalism and communitarianism as essential elements in the formation of the new professional, transcending the traditional technical education through a holistic vision. From this reality, what we know today as community universities with an intercultural approach is born. Nicaragua is not the exception with the presence of the BICU and URACCAN universities, both interesting cases of studying. It is from this experience that this review paper has been prepared in which the origins of this type of universities are addressed, the local, regional, national and international legal base that supports the need not only for its creation but also for its consolidation and expansion. This allows the presentation of an integrating and comprehensive conceptualization of what is a Community and Intercultural University that meets the needs of technical and professional training of its students, teachers and population without neglecting the quality of education that integrates the knowledge and ancestral knowledge of historically marginalized peoples.

This research is about the Sombrero Negro, archaeological site in the Autonomous Region of the South Caribbean Coast (RACCS) of Nicaragua. This site is characterized by the presence of petroglyphs, concentrations of prehispanic archaeological materials (lithic and ceramic) on the surface and an area of tombs. In the place anthropomorphic (shamans), zoomorphic, phytomorphic, geometric and abstract representations were found; also, the use of forms in rocks for their stylization. The site in question functioned as a space destined to the development of ceremonial practices and was occupied tentatively between 400 A.C. and 440 AD.

This paper evaluates the ecosystemic and functional role of trees in sustaining and conserving the Llanos de Karawala Natural Reserve in the Rio Grande de Matagalpa basin in the Autonomous Region of the Southern Caribbean of Nicaragua. characterization of forest species of selective extraction, through ecological and socioeconomic studies. This tree cover has great socioeconomic importance because it provides multiple use species to the producers: firewood, cattle feed, wood for rural constructions; and provides other services to the producer: provision of shade and soil conservation. It was learned that the spices most in demand are the species with the highest extraction are Caribbean Pine (Pinus caribaea), Atlantic Mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla) and Santa María (Calophyllum brasiliense) of which two are protected by the Forest Prohibition Law. The inhabitants of the area have extensive local knowledge about the current tree cover and manage it to obtain products and services. In addition, tree cover serves as an important food resource and refuge for flora and fauna. Based on the characterization of tree cover and their ecological and socioeconomic roles, alternatives are discussed on how to conserve and manage tree cover in a manner that is compatible with production and conservation objectives. All this information must be passed on to community and regional decisionmakers for a timely intervention.

The quality of higher education has always been a controversial issue at the time of its discussion, if to this reality we add the integration of interculturalism and communitarianism as essential elements in the formation of the new professional, transcending the traditional technical education through a holistic vision. From this reality, what we know today as community universities with an intercultural approach is born. Nicaragua is not the exception with the presence of the BICU and URACCAN universities, both interesting cases of studying. It is from this experience that this review paper has been prepared in which the origins of this type of universities are addressed, the local, regional, national and international legal base that supports the need not only for its creation but also for its consolidation and expansion. This allows the presentation of an integrating and comprehensive conceptualization of what is a Community and Intercultural University that meets the needs of technical and professional training of its students, teachers and population without neglecting the quality of education that integrates the knowledge and ancestral knowledge of historically marginalized peoples.

This research is about the Sombrero Negro, archaeological site in the Autonomous Region of the South Caribbean Coast (RACCS) of Nicaragua. This site is characterized by the presence of petroglyphs, concentrations of prehispanic archaeological materials (lithic and ceramic) on the surface and an area of tombs. In the place anthropomorphic (shamans), zoomorphic, phytomorphic, geometric and abstract representations were found; also, the use of forms in rocks for their stylization. The site in question functioned as a space destined to the development of ceremonial practices and was occupied tentatively between 400 A.C. and 440 AD.

This article has its origin in an ethnographic and archaeological discussion of the tunidor, a work instrument whose origin, description, use, and cultural belonging were analyzed by the prestigious American archaeologist Samuel Lothrop in a 1926 publication. Nevertheless the author of this article disagrees in terms of the conclusions of the North American scientist, including the geographical and cultural belonging of the tuner. He even questions that his description of this artifact found, and from which the archaeologist’s conclusions proceed, corresponds exactly to a tunidor. For that reason, it is based on the ancestral use of this instrument by some indigenous towns of Nicaragua, among them, the Mayangnas who have used it artisanal and ancestrally and to the current day in the treatment of the bark of the tuno tree.

According to various studies, the level of deforestation caused by the presence of invading colonists in the BOSAWAS biosphere reserve is such that in a period of thirty years, this Reserve called the Central American lung, could disappear. Between 1999 and 2015, a total of 31,000 ha of primary forest was lost, with annual deforestation rates ranging from 700 to 2,000 ha / year. The environmental, socioeconomic, cultural and migratory statistical results provided by this recent and comprehensive diagnostic study on the activities of the settlers settled in the most extensive of these indigenous territories - the Mayangna Sauni As - also reveal, in a contextual way, the causes of predation in BOSAWAS. The Indigenous Territorial Government Mayangna Sauni As has taken this information as a reference, and, through this study, reaffirms the urgent need for territorial sanitation of third parties in its territory.