Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The project presented below is a complement to the process of building a culture of peace within prisons, whose actions to be carried out in a pedagogical, formative, and practical way are aimed at strengthening one’s own knowledge and social behavior, through activities based on artistic techniques based on the language of movement. What is sought is that people deprived of freedom have a greater awareness of the importance of their role as individuals and as individuals within society, by enabling a better resolution of the problems they will face once they reintegrate into society. Through workshops, talks and artistic presentations, and through reflection and awareness of everyday situations, it is intended that, as human beings, the participants form part of socialization processes and social constructions in which they must comply with ideal models of being. Through integration, participation, communication, and corporal expression, people deprived of liberty would improve their perception of themselves and generate alternative ways of reflecting on problems and their resolution; all this, through the process of empowerment that is promoted in the participants from the ludopedagogy, which strengthens the process towards a culture of peace.

Even though it is true that our university has been trying to reach inclusion, this is not achieved yet. We are talking about the inclusion of disabled people; notwithstanding that the institution has accepted them, it has not been able to grant them the guarantee of that inclusion, violating with this what the Constitution establishes in its first article, “It is prohibited all kinds of discrimination due to ethnic origin or nationality, gender, age, disabilities, social condition, health conditions, religion, opinions, sexual preferences, marital status, or any other condition that is considered as a violation of human dignity or targets to destroy or reduce people’s rights and freedoms.” So, we consider a severe violation of human dignity of disabled people, since they do not find true adaptation to their needs in our educative institution. Integrating disabled people is not possible just with signs in the premises and simply building ramps for them. Our university has tried this but has not reached the true inclusion of its infrastructure to this challenge yet. Even more, if we are talking about teachers, they have not been trained and much less educated on this subject related to disabilities. Our university, and we consider that all other universities in our country, should ensure the inclusion of disabled people. “Being different is not the problem; the problem is being treated differently.”

Human beings are not always fully aware of their rights and what this implies to be able to enjoy them. That is why the need to research on the population’s knowledge of education as a right for all arose. Specifically, the research was carried out in the community of the southern border area, near the National University Brunca Region Campus, Coto, Costa Rica. Rights are a guarantee that all human beings have; the problem arises when the equality for which human beings fight so hard is not achieved. The right to education was analyzed as a social guarantee, covering aspects, such as situational analysis and socioeconomic problems of the region that could trigger problems in the future development of the country. Likewise, a methodological study was conducted through observation and questionnaires to a sample of the population of the border zone. Questions were analyzed, such as the current academic level of this population, approaches in the careers the National University offers, and the conditions of accessibility to education as a right. This meant and demonstrated the lack of knowledge of the inhabitants on the subject of public higher education as a right for all. In conclusion, the primary interest at all times was to know the access to information that this population has about education as a right and the opportunities that the National University is offering.

Introduction: at present, smoking appears as one of the main health problems worldwide. Objective: to characterize the people who smoke psycho-socially in La Palma municipality during 2017. Method: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out in the health area belonging to Pedro Borras Astorga University Polyclinic; the target group consisted of 6625 patients dispensed as smokers, the sample was chosen by simple random sampling consisting of 863 smokers who met the inclusion criteria. Theoretical, empirical and descriptive statistics which included absolute and relative frequency were applied. Results: 59,7 % of smokers were male, 71,3 % belonged to the age group of 25 to 59 years old, 57,3% only completed elementary school, the marital status of divorced-separated prevailed with 40,0 %; there was a 53,8 % average dependence on nicotine addiction, 91,0 % was motivated to smoke to reduce stress and 75,7 % of smokers presented the risk factors of living into dysfunctional families. Conclusions: smoking is a health problem, it influences on the morbidity and mortality rates of the population of La Palma municipality, consequently prevention and control actions should be taken to diminish the risk factors, to achieve quality of life in the population exposed to this risky addiction.

Introduction: intrahospital mortality rate is an important parameter in the analysis of health care and it is one of the elements that are usually taken into account when assessing the quality of a health care service or of an institution.Objective: to determine the behavior of mortality rate in the Intensive Care Unit at Dr. León Cuervo Rubio Teaching Clinical Surgical Hospital in 2018.Methods: an observational, descriptive and cross-sectional research was conducted. The target group consisted of 279 patients who died in 2018. The data were collected from the book of deceased and clinical histories. Absolute and relative percentage frequencies were used. Medical ethics were respected.Results: we found a predominance of deceased patients (51,76 %), of female gender (51,97 %) and the age group 70-79 (34,77 %). Patients hospitalized for 1 to 3 days represented 35,84 %. Necropsy was performed at 61,29 %. The cause of death was pneumonia (48,03 %), along with septic shock (15,41 %).Conclusions: old-aged patients with deteriorated health conditions were prone to admission to intensive care units and death after short stays, which are determined by unfavorable diagnoses and comorbidities such as respiratory infections.   

Introduction: Ernesto Che Guevara is recognized in history for his consecration to the struggle for the poorest, where travel by the developed throughout the American continent contributed to the formation and consolidation of his revolutionary values and ideals.Objective: to characterize the influence of Ernesto Guevara's travels in Latin America in the formation of his revolutionary ideal.Method: a historical investigation based on the materialist-dialectical method was carried out. Within the theoretical level, methods such as analysis-synthesis, induction-deduction and historical-logical were used. At the empirical level, the documentary analysis of 13 bibliographic articles from different databases was carried out, from July to December 2018.Conclusions: Guevara's trips would mean a social and human experience, which would put him in contact with the workers and the humble people of Argentina and Latin America, and finally lead him to integrate the guerrilla group that would carry out the Cuban Revolution. In America he witnessed the hunger suffered by the poorest, the great power that the United States exerted over the economy of the peoples and their governments, the feeling of justice and the need to fight for the needy being marked on fire

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares representan la principal causa de muerte a nivel mundial y en nuestro país; de ahí que la atención a pacientes con enfermedades cardiovasculares en estado terminal sea común. Se realizó una revisión bibliográfica con el objetivo de identificar conflictos y dilemas bioéticos a los que se enfrenta el personal médico al tratar pacientes con cardiopatías en estado terminal. Se seleccionaron 20 artículos obtenidos de la búsqueda en Scopus, SciELO y Ebsco. El avance científico en Cardiología ha contribuido a que estas enfermedades evolucionen hacia la cronicidad por lo que deben establecerse cuidados paliativos en estos pacientes. Se identificaron conflictos e implicaciones éticas en su manejo al ocurrir contraposición en los principios de la bioética en la toma de decisiones; además de la medicalización de la muerte y el ensañamiento terapéutico y se establecieron los principios para minimizar sus efectos en Cardiología.

Introduction: despite the growing interest in research training and publication on the part of student body; the production of publications is still low.  Objective: to describe the publication of the research works presented at National Forums of medical students from Santiago de Cuba medical university. Method: a Google Academic search was carried out for the papers presented at the National Forums of medical students during the period 2015 - 2017. Results: only 10% of the researches presented were published; 87, 5 % belonged to original articles; 75 % was published during the year of presentation and up to two years after. The Medisan journal published 50 % of the researches presented. There was a change of authorship in 100 % of the articles.  Conclusions: the publication of the works presented in the National Forums of medical students is low. Strategies should be designed for the correct dissemination of the research works carried out by medical students along with the publication of their results in the scientific journals.  

This paper explores the concepts of indigeneity and territory from geography, and their application to recent processes of self-identification of Aymara and Quechua people; and the construction of ethno-territories in Northern Chile, to understand both phenomena within a global process of ethnic differentiation and politicization. To do that, ethnographies, interviews and statistical analysis are used to illustrate the processes and strategies by which the Aymara and Quechuas communities articulate themselves in the context of mining extractivism and neoliberal intercultural policies. Therefore, this paper explains how the indigenous settlements have been repopulated by highly creative dynamics of negotiation/resistance.