ISSN: 2310-2799
Aviso:
Los resultados se limitan exclusivamente a documentos publicados en revistas incluidas en el Catálogo 2.0 de Latindex.
Para más información sobre el Descubridor de Artículos escribir al correo: descubridorlatindex@gmail.com.
Leer más
Búsqueda por:
546,196 artículos
|
Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Barajas-Ochoa, Aldo; Ramos-Remus, César; Ramos-Gómez, Stephanie; Barajas-Ochoa, Zalathiel; Sánchez-González, Jorge Manuel; Hernández-Ávila, Mauricio; Córdova-Villalobos, José Ángel
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To assess the performance of medical schools (FEM) by analyzing the results of their applicants in the Examen Nacional para Aspirantes a Residencias Médicas (ENARM). Materials and methods. Five performance criteria, two official and three created on purpose, were calculated from the ENARM-2016 and -2017 official databases to assess FEM performance. Results. In 2016 and 2017, applicants registered from 112 and 115 FEM, respectively. Depending on the performance criteria, the FEM in the first place obtained 5 to 20 points more than the one placed second, and 23 to 98 points more than the FEM in the last place. Approximately 25% applicants were classified as “knowledge-deficient,” and about 80% of these originated from less than one third of the FEM. Conclusion. The ENARM results provide information on the performance of the FEM. Approximately one of every four applicants obtained scores lower than the approval threshold of any specialty.
|
|
Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
González-Bautista, Emmanuel; Manrique-Espinoza, Betty; Ávila-Funes, J Alberto; Naidoo, Nirmala; Kowal, Paul; Chatterji, Somnath; Salinas-Rodríguez, Aarón
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To examine the longitudinal association between the social determinants of health (SDH) and frailty status with all-cause mortality in older Mexican adults. Materials and methods. Longitudinal study with a sample of adults aged 60 and over of Study on Global AGEing and Adult Health (SAGE) in Mexico. A Cox proportional hazard model was used to estimate the SDH and frailty-related hazard ratios (HR) for mortality over the study period. Results. Overall mortality rate was 16.9%. Higher education, having a higher frequency of inter-personal contacts (HR=0.96; p<0.01) reduced the risk of dying, after adjusting for potential confounders. While, not counting on someone to trust (HR= 1.59; p<0.03) and having a sense a lack of control over important decisions in life increased the mortality risk. Conclusions. Given that frailty and the SDH affect health using independent pathways, public health systems in Mexico could benefit from increasing the capacity of identifying frail and isolated older adults and providing a risk-stratified health care accordingly.
|
|
Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Ramírez-Tirado, Laura Alejandra; Uribe-Ortíz, Cesar Enrique; Arrieta, Oscar; Tirado-Gómez, Laura L
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To analyze the mortality trend of lung cancer (LC) in Mexico, according to the municipality marginalization index (MMI) by age group and sex, during the period 1998-2016. Materials and methods. The information on mortality, population and MMI was obtained from the National Institute of Statistics and Geography (INEGI) and the National Council of Population (Conapo). The adjusted LC mortality rate trends were analyzed using the joinpoint regression analysis. A total of 126 132 deaths were included. Results. The adjusted LC mortality rate decreased from 7.83 to 4.97 100 000 inhabitants during the period from 1998-2016, but the decrease was found to be less in women and in areas with very high marginalization. Conclusions. Unequal reduction in LC mortality according to the degree of marginalization are related to early diagnosis, timely treatment and inequity in medical services. This inequity affects mainly the populations of women, highly marginalized groups and older populations.
|
|
Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Graue-Hernández, Enrique O; Gómez-Dantés, Héctor; Romero-Martínez, Martín; Bravo, Gerardo; Arrieta-Camacho, Jesús; Jiménez-Corona, Aida
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To determinate the prevalence of hearing loss (HL) and visual impairment (VI) among adult population from Tlaxcala, Mexico. Materials and methods. A population-based cross-sectional study comprising persons 50 years and older was conducted in 2013. Self-reported HL was measured using the Hearing Impairment Inventory for the Elderly (SHIIE) questionnaire; VI was determined using the Snellen tumbling E chart. Results. 900 women and 611 men (mean age 66.1 years) were included. 481(31.8%) individuals had HL (415 alone and 66 combined with VI). Prevalence of HL alone and together with VI was associated with age (per two years, OR=1.03 and OR=1.18, respectively) and self-reported poor health status (OR=1.90 and OR=3.69, respectively). Conclusion. The high prevalence of these disabilities calls for the implementation of public health interventions that help to reduce its impact in the population.
|
|
Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Bravo-García, Enrique; Magis-Rodríguez, Carlos; Palacios-Martínez, Manuel; Guarneros-Soto, Noé; Uribe-Zúñiga, Patricia
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To analyze the distribution and trends of HIV mortality in the Sanitary Districts (JS) of Mexico. Materials and methods. To calculate crude and standardized mortality rates, official figures of deaths from Instituto Nacional de Estadística y Geografía and population estimates from Consejo Nacional de Población were used. Magnitude, distribution and trends of HIV mortality were analyzed, at the national level, by state and JS, using JoinPoint regression model. Results. From 2008 to 2015, HIV mortality decreased by more than 20%. In the 25 JS with highest mortality, live 11% of the national population, but concentrated 28.6% of the total HIV death, with mortality rates two or more fold than national rate. Conclusions. We identified the 25 JS where actions to reduce HIV mortality in Mexico should be focused. For first time a health problem was analyzed in all JS of Mexico.
|
|
Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Zinser, Juan W
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Smoking is the main cause of lung cancer. It plays a role in the etiology, and depending on the intensity and duration, it also has an influence on histology, stage and therapeutic outcome. Therefore, it is never too late to stop smoking. Tobacco smoke is so toxic, that there is no safe smoking modality. Filters, light cigarettes, pipes, water pipes, etc. are prohibitively harmful. In addition, the electronic nicotine delivery systems, besides promoting addiction, cause acute respiratory and cardiovas¬cular effects. In addition, even though long-term consequences are yet to be known, cell proliferation and tumor progression have been identified. Tobacco control efforts should look at all these new products as its main threat.
|
|
Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Hernández-Pedro, Norma; Soca-Chafre, Giovanny; Alaez-Versón, Carmen; Carrillo-Sánchez, Karol; Avilés-Salas, Alejandro; Vergara, Edgar; Arrieta, Oscar
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. Targeted next-generation sequencing (t-NGS) has revolutionized clinical diagnosis allowing multiplexed detection of genomic alterations. This study evaluated the profile of somatic mutations by t-NGS in Mexican patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Materials and methods. Genomic DNA was extracted from 90 lung adenocarcinomas and sequences were generated for a panel of 48 cancer genes. Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) mutations were detected in parallel by quantitative PCR. Results. The mutational profile of NSCLC revealed alterations in 27 genes, where TP53 (47.8%) and EGFR (36.7%) exhibited the highest mutation rates. EGFR Q787 mutations were present in 14 cases (15.6%), 10 cases had exon 19 deletions (11.1%), seven cases had L858R (7.8%). The mutational frequency for genes like EGFR, MET, HNF1A, HER2 and GUSB was different compared to caucasian population. Conclusion. t-NGS improved NSCLC treatments efficacy due to its sensitivity and specificity. A distinct pattern of somatic mutations was found in Mexican population.
|
|
Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Rodríguez-Lara, Vianey; Ramírez-Tirado, Laura Alejandra; Barrón, Feliciano; Zatarain-Barrón, Zyanya Lucía; Flores-Estrada, Diana; Arrieta, Oscar
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To analyze the differences in the clinico-pathological and molecular characteristics of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) as well as the clinical outcome of patients by sex and hormonal status. Materials and methods. We performed a retrospective study among 1 104 NSCLC patients. Clinic-pathologic data was recorded and survival outcomes were compared between male and female sex patients, and further by pre and postmenopausal status in females. Results. Women were significantly more likely to be non-smokers (p<0.001), had higher frequency of wood-smoke exposure (p<0.001), EGFR-sensitizing mutations (p<0.001), had better performance status (p=0.020) and had a better overall survival (OS) compared to men (p=0.021). Differences were found also by hormonal status, postmenopausal women had a longer OS compared to premenopausal women (31.1 vs. 19.4 months p=0.046). Conclusion. Our results support the differences in lung cancer presentation by sex and also by hormonal status.
|
|
Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Charvel, Sofía; Cobo-Armijo, Fernanda; Hernández-Ávila, Mauricio; Reynales-Shigematsu, Luz Miriam; Salas, Jorge; Arrieta, Oscar; Santillán-Doherty, Patricio; Roldán-Xopa, José; Pérez-Cuevas, Ricardo; Escudero-de los Ríos, Pedro Mario; Segú-Tolsa, Josep Lluis
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To analyze the coverage of lung cancer in Mexico and offer recommendations in this regard. Materials and methods. By means of the conformation of a multidisciplinary group, we analyze the burden of the disease relative to the lung cancer and the access to the medical treatment offered by the different public health subsystems in Mexico. Results. Important inequalities in lung cancer care are documented among the different public health subsystems. Our data suggest differential access and coverage to both traditional treatments and existing therapeutic innovations and differences in the capacity of health service providers to guarantee the right to health protection without distinction. Conclusions. Recommendations are made on the need to improve actions for tobacco control, early diagnosis for lung cancer and inclusion of innovative therapies and homologation among different public health service providers through financing via tobacco taxes.
|
|
Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Gerson, Raquel; Zatarain-Barrón, Zyanya Lucía; Blanco, Carolina; Arrieta, Oscar
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Lung cancer is a major public health problem, yet the disease is highly stigmatized, which impairs the optimal treatment of these patients. Globally, as well as locally in Mexico, lung cancer is the main cause of cancer-related deaths. Despite this, it is the only one among the five deadliest cancers which is not covered by Popular Health Insurance. Lung cancer treatment is a complex algorithm which requires fully trained personnel to assess each patient in order to determine standard-of-care therapy based on several factors associated with the molecular profile of the tumor, patient characteristics and financial possibilities. In the recent decade, several breakthrough therapies have been launched, shifting the outlook for certain patient subgroups. None of these novel therapies are currently available to patients who have public-based health insurance. In this paper, we review the inequities present in the Mexican health system and highlight the importance of addressing these opportunities.
|
Hecho en México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). Todos los derechos reservados 1997-2022. Esta página puede ser reproducida con fines no lucrativos, siempre y cuando no se mutile y se cite la fuente completa y su dirección electrónica. De otra forma, se requiere permiso previo de la institución por escrito. Mapa del sitio | Créditos
