ISSN: 2310-2799
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546,196 artículos
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Cardona, Andrés F; Ricaurte, Luisa; Zatarain-Barrón, Zyanya Lucia; Arrieta, Oscar
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To review the state-of-the-art in relation to the current information on squamous cell lung cancer (SCLC). We describe the genetic anomalies reported, their effect, and finally the most promising therapeutic agents. Materials and methods. We reviewed published articles in peer-reviewed journals as well as current treatment guidelines from local and international resources. Results. SCLC represents a smaller proportion of the global burden of disease for lung cancer compared to its more frequent presentation, the adenocarcinoma. However, more than 400 000 cases are reported annually, a substantial population for whom therapeutic options are scarce and with limited efficacy. Several groups have been given the task of elucidating the mechanisms that lead to the development of SCLC, including molecular anomalies that can be used as targets for drug design. Conclusion. There are potential therapeutic targets for SCLC, which must be studied in clinical trials for validation.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Peralta-Arrieta, Irlanda; Armas-López, Leonel; Zúñiga, Joaquín; Ávila-Moreno, Federico
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To perform a systematic review of the main epigenetic aberrations involved in non-small cell lung carcinomas’ (NSCLC) diagnosis, progression, and therapeutics. Materials and methods. We performed a systematic review of the scientific literature on lung cancer epigenetics, focusing on NSCLC. Results. Several advances in the molecular study of classical epigenetic mechanisms and massive studies of lung cancer epigenome have contributed relevant new evidence revealing that various molecular complexes are functionally influencing genetic-epigenetic and transcriptional mechanisms that promote lung tumorigenesis (initiation, promotion, and progression), and are also involved in NSCLC therapy-resistance mechanisms. Conclusion. Several epigenetic complexes and mechanisms must be analyzed and considered for the design of new and efficient therapies, which could be fundamental to develop an integrated knowledge to achieve a comprehensive lung cancer personalized medicine.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Molina-Romero, Camilo; Arrieta, Oscar; Hernández-Pando, Rogelio
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To describe the epidemiological studies about the relationship between lung cancer (LC) and pulmonary tuberculosis (Tb) and its possible molecular mechanisms. Material and methods. We reviewed research databases in search of publications that included keywords LC and Tb. Results. It has been proposed that chronic inflammation in the lungs due to Tb could cause clastogenic activity in the DNA of bronchial epithelium. Another possibility is lateral gene transfer; since Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTb) is an intracellular organism, bacterial DNA could integrate to bronchial epithelial cells inducing neoplastic transformation. Conclusions. There are epidemiological reports, particularly from Asian countries, which confirm a relationship between LC and Tb. MTb could play an active role in cellular transformation and it is important to elucidate the mechanism involved.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Salinas-Escudero, Guillermo; Carrillo-Vega, María Fernanda; Pérez-Zepeda, Mario Ulises; García-Peña, Carmen
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To estimate the out-of-pocket expenses (OOPE) during the last year of life in Mexican older adults (OA). Materials and methods. Estimation of the OOPE corresponding to the last year of life of OA, adjusting by type of management, affiliation and cause of death. Data from the National Health and Aging Study in Mexico (2012) were used. To calculate the total OOPE, the expenses in the last year were used in: medications, medical consultations and hospitalization. The OOPE was adjusted for inflation and is reported in US dollars 2018. Results. The mean OOPE was $6 255.3±18 500. In the ambulatory care group, the OOPE was $4 134.9±13 631.3.The OOPE in hospitalization was $7 050.6±19 971.0. Conclusions. The probability of incurre in OOPE is lower when hospitalization is not required.With hospitalization, affiliation to social security and attending to public hospitals plays a protective role.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Miranda-Filho, Adalberto; Piñeros, Marion; Bray, Freddie
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To present the most recent national estimates of lung cancer burden globally in 185 countries and tobacco smoking prevalence (%) by sex. Materials and methods. Estimates of lung cancer incidence and mortality for 2018 were extracted from the Globocan database; observed incidence, from the last volume of Cancer Incidence in Five Continents, and tobacco prevalence, from the World Health Observatory/WHO database. Results. In 2018, over two million new lung cancer cases and 1.7 million deaths were estimated to occur worldwide, representing 14% of the new cancer cases and 20% of the cancer deaths. Incidence rates showed marked variation between countries. Stable or decreasing incidence rates were predominant among males, while among females increasing rates were common. Conclusion. The continuing rise in lung cancer among women reinforces the need for strengthening implementation of the preventive actions committed to by governments in the WHO Framework Convention for Tobacco Control.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Fajardo-Dolci, Germán E; Santacruz-Varela, Javier; Lara-Padilla, Eleazar; García-Luna Martínez, Eduardo; Zermeño-Guerra, Alejandro; Gómez, Julio César
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To know the characteristics of medical education and identify its strengths and weaknesses. Materials and methods. A transversal and quantitative study of the characteristics of medical education in 29 medical schools in Mexico was carried out, between April and September 2017. Questionnaire with Likert scale was applied to explore context, regulation, structure, process, results and impact of medical education. Bivariate analysis was performed with a Chi square test and the significance level was equal to or less than 0.05. Results. The political context obtained 64%, economical context 10% and mechanisms of regulation 31%. The educational structure was 61% and the social impact was 93%. Conclusions. Public policies, regulatory mechanisms and public investment must be strengthened to improve the quality of medical education.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Gómez-Dantés, Octavio; Frenk, Julio
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
En este artículo se describen la creación de los marcos legales y el origen, crecimiento y consolidación de las instituciones e intervenciones (iniciativas, programas, políticas) que han conformado la salud pública moderna en México. También se discuten los esfuerzos recientes por hacer universal la protección social en salud. Esta gesta, que duró un siglo, se fue abriendo paso a través de tres generaciones de reformas que dieron lugar a un sistema de salud que hoy ofrece protección contra riesgos sanitarios, protección de la calidad de la atención y protección financiera a los habitantes de todo el país.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Wolpert-Barraza, Enrique; Muñoz-Hernández, Onofre; Kershenobich-Stalnikowitz, David; hepatitis C en México, Coalición para el estudio de la
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
En el escenario de la salud mexicana, la epidemia por virus de la hepatitis C se encuentra presente junto con sus comorbilidades y mortalidad prematura. Actuar de manera inmediata permitirá una contención de la misma en el corto plazo dada la existencia de herramientas de prevención, diagnóstico y terapias farmacológicas altamente eficaces. La Coalición para el estudio de la hepatitis C en México ha desarrollado una postura donde aprovecha esas medidas de contención y presenta el desarrollo de un programa nacional para la detección, tratamiento oportuno y seguimiento de pacientes con hepatitis C.
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Polosa, Riccardo; Urso, Salvatore; Farsalinos, Konstantinos E
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
[Not available]
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Año:
2019
ISSN:
1606-7916, 0036-3634
Lumbreras-Guzmán, Marivel; Hernández-Vicente, Irma Alejandra; Méndez-Hernández, Pablo; Dosamantes-Carrasco, Libia Darina; Cervantes-Rodríguez, Margarita; García-Elizalde, Argelia; Cortez-Yacila, Héctor Manuel
Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública
Resumen
Objective. To assess the relationship between labor quality of life (LQL) and organizational workers performance (OWP) from seven public hospitals, analyzing the influence of the personnel management (PM) as mediator of this relationship. Materials and methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 866 professionals and managers of public hospitals from Tlaxcala and Mexico City. The LQL was assessed with a validated questionnaire, OWP with 34 indicators, and PM with an instrument designed for this study. Results. Mean scores of LQL, were significantly lower among workers from Tlaxcala. Participants who perceived an adequate PM, they increased at 2.7 times their likelihood of having highest LQL, and participants categorized in the high LQL presented 69% higher likelihood of having an adequate OWP. Conclusions. The appropriate PM was associated with greater LQL, showing to be a mediator variable between the positive relationship of CVL and the OWP.
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