Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This study reports on interdisciplinary approach to teaching physics to the students majoring in agrarian and mechanical engineering. Physics plays a crucial role in mastering major disciplines by students of technical universities. Ukrainian higher education provides primarily mono-disciplinary approach to teaching academic and major subjects, so called teaching isolated disciplines. The interdisciplinary aspect of teaching physics corresponds to the requirements of modern society to educate competitive and qualified specialists in agricultural and engineering spheres. The study aims at defining the essence of interdisciplinary links between physics and major subjects, at specifying the peculiarities of job-focused physics tasks, at demonstrating the necessity of implementation the professional context in the process of studying. The paper investigates this issue by analyzing, comparing, systematizing the pedagogical literature.The study is based on monitoring and pedagogical experiment that proved the insufficient level of professional orientation of physics course. Pedagogical experiment was carried (out from 2014 to 2017). The students of State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya, Tavriyskiy State Agrarian University majoring in Agrarian Engineering and Agronomy and the students of Sumy National Agrarian University majoring in Agricultural mechanization took part in the survey. The sample involved 150 students. The study demonstrated such advantages of interdisciplinary approach to teaching physics through occupation-based task scenarios as student engagement and highly qualified specialists, subject interaction. The results of the experiment showed the insufficient level of professional competence of physics course. The material in this article, he patterns of physics course tasks accompanied by illustrations for students of mechanical engineering and agrarian departments, in particular, can be used in educational process.

The study aimed to identify the presence / absence of ownership concentration in agro-industrial companies in Ukraine and to investigate the possible impact of these processes on the economic performance of companies. We have proven that there is a significant level of ownership concentration among analysed companies in both groups UX and UA. Although there are exceptions, there is a general tendency to hold a large share of equity instruments by the founders or major owners. We describe this phenomenon through a twin agency problem, arguing that such a large share of power concentration serves as a substitute for a weak environment for protecting investor rights. Concentration of property is the bulwark from unwanted interventions from both third parties and from state rulers. The study has found no significant relationship between ownership concentration and several indicators used as proxy for economic performance, namely Net cash flow, EBIDTA, Profit/loss before tax, Tobin’s Q. Our findings indicate that concentration of ownership does not affect the economic performance of analysed companies, regardless of whether we take for the analysis the accounting indicators (Profit) or market-based indicators (Tobin’s Q).

The paper is concerned with the mechanism of interaction between the electromagnetic field and the microorganisms. Currently the issue for usage of low-energy electromagnetic fields of marginal high-frequency range for reconstruction of the injured by infectious microorganisms animal skin is of great interest. The use of low-energy electromagnetic fields for restoring animal skin cover is significantly different from the existing physical and therapy procedures.The authors made the theoretical and the experimental research on updating and developing the low-energy electromagnetic technology and hardware of the electromagnetic field of high-frequency range to restore animal skin cover of infected wounds.The process of interaction between low-energy electromagnetic fields of high-frequency range in terms of infected animal skin cover is examined on the basis of the mathematic model. Particular attention was paid to theoretical aspect and cellular level analysis of the biotronic parameters of electromagnetic fields for the oppression of infectious microorganisms in wounds of animal skin cover and its effective reunion.

Getting high-quality trusts in modern technology for growing technical hemp is one of the most labor-intensive processes.The main factors that cause loss of quality of hemp are determined by the level of perfection of the harvesting stage of the production process. It is precisely at this stage that the basic processes of product quality management are concentrated, the main physical and technological losses are taking place.The main drawbacks of the known methods of obtaining the trusts of technical hemp include the dependence of the process of forming its qualitative indicators on weather conditions, the unevenness of the separation and strength of the fiber on the entire mass of the sent layer, the length of the technological process, which determines the quantitative loss of production.The article presents the results of research on the development of resource-saving technology for the production of technical hemp trusts due to the addition of an outlet with improved water drains with reeds and finger-wheels and the direct effect of their constructive parameters on the quality indicators of the trust.Mechanized technological processes are carried out thanks to the developed unit, which includes: a modernized corrugated water pump, hay rakes and a roll baler.It was noted that an increase in the number of mechanical influences on the hemp strap ribbon leads to a corresponding decrease in its height and mass. The loosening process reduces the weight of the tape to 2.1 kg per linear meter. Under these conditions, the height of the windrow increases to 35.0 cm. Techniques for obtaining a hedge trustee make it possible to reduce the time of process implementation at the initial stages of its preparation for primary processing, intensifies the process of purification due to the additional mechanical drive with improved aggregates. The short fiber obtained from the hemp trust for the technology developed meets the existing requirements.

The paper presents a dynamic model that works with variable internal damping, applicable directly to rigid memory mechanisms. If the problem of elasticity is generally solved, the problem of system damping is not clear and well-established. It is usually considered a constant "c" value for the internal damping of the system and sometimes the same value c and for the damping of the elastic spring supporting the valve. However, the approximation is much forced, as the elastic spring damping is variable, and for the conventional cylindrical spring with constant elasticity parameter (k) with linear displacement with force, the damping is small and can be considered zero. It should be specified that damping does not necessarily mean stopping (or opposition) movement, but damping means energy consumption to brake the motion (rubber elastic elements have considerable damping, as are hydraulic dampers). Metal helical springs generally have a low (negligible) damping. The braking effect of these springs increases with the elastic constant (the k-stiffness of the spring) and the force of the spring (P0 or F0) of the spring (in other words with the arc static arrow, x0=P0/k). Energy is constantly changing but does not dissipate (for this reason, the yield of these springs is generally higher). The paper presents a dynamic model with a degree of freedom, considering internal damping of the system (c), damping for which it is considered a special function. More precisely, the cushioning coefficient of the system (c) is defined as a variable parameter depending on the reduced mass of the mechanism (m* or J reduced) and the time, ie, c depends on the derivative of m reduced in time. The equation of the differential movement of the mechanism is written as the movement of the valve as a dynamic response.

The article deals with theoretical substantiation and development of an approach to the control function implementation on the basis of automation control application process and the use of logicstatistical information models (LSÌM). The basis for development of the approach to the improvement of monitoring over the accounting objects is LSÌM which allows automatically identify deviations from the established norms. In contrast to the existing approaches the proposed here development provides instant formation of signal (signal document) about the critical state of an object. The use of LSÌM in the process of automation control allows quickly correct the imbalances in the state of objects and lead them in compliance with the accepted norms through appropriate management decisions. The result of this application development is holding objects within optimal limits. This will promote the rational use. Originality of the proposed approach lies in the fact that detailed analysis of the accounting object is conducted not for all factors, but only for those that go beyond the optimal zone. This greatly reduces the amount of information and data to be analyzed. In addition, the use of LSÌM allows controlling the volume (size) of the accounting object or each period of time, keeping them in a certain framework and providing the most optimal ratio by making appropriate management decisions. The use of the recommended here approach allows controlling the facility and gaps through the administrative impact on its status.

The article explores the process of development the evaluation of market value of the enterprise in the system of accounting and analytical support. The purpose of our research is to determine the methodology for evaluation the enterprise value that provides a reliable and reasonable calculation of indicators enterprise value based on the data of the accounting system. A hypothesis was formulated, which later on received a confirmation. A comparative analysis of the characteristic features the application of different evaluation approaches of the enterprise (income, cost, market) was carried out. The authors determined that the formation of the market value of the enterprise should be carried out in the system of accounting and analytical support of the enterprise and determined by the indicator of net assets, which should be adjusted to the predicted level of profitability taking into account alternative risk-free investments and the risks level of the enterprise. The proposed concept for determining the market value of the enterprise provides a reliable and reasoned calculation of value indicators based on the data of the accounting system for both profitable and unprofitable enterprises.

The theme of “Software Quality Evaluation”, and its importance, concerns the standardization of the development processes, in order to guarantee a higher quality of the systems. In this scenario, this theme has gained importance in academic research, due to the emphasis that the theme has increasingly presented to organizations, since they understand that the main objective is to guarantee a final product that satisfies the expectations of the client. In order to verify the scientific scenario in recent years, this work aims to carry out a review of the literature on “Software Quality Evaluation”, based on a bibliometric analysis and review. For this, the method of bibliographic revision with four different phases proposed by Marasco (2008) was used. From the data extracted from the Scopus database, the results of the systematic review and bibliometric analysis were analyzed from the information on publications, citations and approaches of the papers that deal with this subject. As results, the present article showed the academic and practical importance of the studies on “Software Quality Evaluation”. In addition, it is possible to identify gaps in the scientific literature that can be filled by future work in the area, based on the studies developed by specialists.

The peculiarities of cutting movement at unloading them from the hopper are described. The analysis of the scientific researches on bulk materials movement and bridging is given. To develop the mathematical model of cutting unloading the layer should be described as a pseudoliquid, that consists of discrete components (cuttings) and gaseous medium (air). The Navier-Stokes equation can be applied to the process of cutting unloading and velocity field. The equation of pseudoliquid motion is a nonlinear integral and differential equation. The initial and boundary conditions for speed of cutting movement are identified. As a result of research has been theoretically obtained a formula, that evaluates the rate of planting material unloading, the adequacy of which has already been partially tested in experimental experiments carried out by the authors on the way to creating an automatic planting machine.

Unpreparedness and the absence of motivational interest to science from students of educational level «Bachelor» causes the problem of low scientific activeness at the following educational levels and leads to violating the standards of academic etiquette, unconscious using the ways of plagiarism in scientific texts. The aim of the scientific activities of students mastering economic specialties; specifying the lesson model of specialized course, which envisages studying the fundamentals and methodology of scientific research. The research was made by using the methods of testing, questioning, observing, and pedagogical experiment, the participants of which were the students of higher educational levels «Bachelor» (fourth-year students – 43 persons) and «Master» (first-year students – 53 persons, second-year students – 38 persons) of specialty 071 «Accounting and taxation» at State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya and Poltava State Agrarian Academy.The scientific novelty of using teaching methods is in adapting the traditional course «Foundations of scientific research» to the corresponding educational program (in this case the field of knowledge 07 «Economics and entrepreneurship», specialty - 071 «Accounting and Taxation», the course «Methodology of scientific research in accounting»).The author’s approach is based on uniting students’ academic work with individual research and envisages the using of interactive training methods, such as discussion; interactive dialogue ‘human-computer»; situation analysis; the method of «incident»; business play. The presented lesson model on the topic «Linking and reviewing the text of the scientific-research task» with using the methods of situation analysis and business play enables to solve the following study aims: developing analytical thinking and skills of self-analysis; consolidating practical skills of work with information; broadening communicative competence; raising the motivation to work and scientific-research activities. The effectiveness of the described pedagogical experiment is confirmed by positive dynamics of structural changes as to disclosing the scientific potential and corresponding growth of the number of actual approbations of the research results obtained by the students at State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya and Poltava State Agrarian Academy.