Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introducción: El ambiente hospitalario envuelve diferentes factores de riesgo relacionados con las infecciones asociadas a la atención sanitaria (IAAS). Un método que contribuye a la prevención y control es la identificación de riesgos que permita la implementación de medidas preventivas. Se cree que dicha identificación se puede llevar a cabo mediante el uso de escalas. El presente estudio intenta desarrollar y validar la validez aparente y el contenido de una nueva escala para medir el riesgo de IAAS en adultos hospitalizados. Materiales y Métodos: Se condujo un estudio metodológico para el desarrollo y la validación aparente y de contenido de la escala de Evaluación de Riesgos de Infección en Pacientes Adultos, la cual se sometió a evaluación por parte de un comité compuesto por 23 expertos con experiencia en IAAS. Se probó la validez de la escala mediante el Índice de Validez de Contenido (IVC). Resultados: Se conservaron 15 ítems de la escala y se agruparon en dos dimensiones: factores intrínsecos y factores extrínsecos. Se necesitaron realizar unos pequeños ajustes para mejorar la claridad de algunos ítems. El IVC de los ítems se ubicó entre 0,83 a 1,0 y el IVC medio de la escala fue de 0,90. Discusión: La escala de Evaluación de Riesgo de Infección en Pacientes Adultos se puede emplear como una tecnología de bajo costo en la medición del riesgo de infección, lo que permite la planeación de intervenciones más precisas y organizadas de parte del equipo de atención médica con el ánimo de prevenir y proveer un cuidado seguro durante la hospitalización. Conclusiones: Los hallazgos soportaron la validación aparente y de contenido de la Escala de Evaluación de iesgo de Infecciones en Pacientes Adultos. How to cite this article: Rodríguez-Acelas AL, Cañon-Montañez W, Almeida MA. Scale for measurement of healthcare-associated infection risk in adult patients: development and content validation. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(2): e771. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i2.771

Introducción: La espiritualidad en pacientes que viven con el VIH ayuda a afrontar los pensamientos negativos provocados por la enfermedad. El objetivo del estudio fue conocer el impacto de la espiritualidad en la vida de las mujeres que viven con el VIH. Materiales y Métodos: Investigación cualitativa sobre historias de vida temáticas. La muestra está compuesta por siete mujeres que fueron diagnosticadas con VIH/SIDA hace más de un año. Para la recolección de datos se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada con preguntas sobre el contexto social, situación sociodemográfica y clínica, religión y espiritualidad. Para el análisis de datos se empleó la técnica de análisis de contenidos. Los resultados se organizaron en dos categorías: la búsqueda de la fuerza en la espiritualidad y la esperanza de curación. Resultados: En momentos de angustia causados por el VIH/SIDA, todas las entrevistadas recurrieron a la espiritualidad a través de la oración e incluso a la materialización de la presencia de Dios como estrategias para afrontar la enfermedad. El anhelo de sanación mediante revelaciones divinas se expresa en los discursos de los entrevistados. Discusión: Según las historias de vida de las entrevistadas, la figura divina las ha fortalecido para hacer frente a los retos generados por el VIH/SIDA. Conclusiones: A través de esta investigación se pudo comprobar que la espiritualidad está presente en las vidas de las mujeres que viven con el VIH y que mitiga las adversidades producidas por la enfermedad. Cómo citar este artículo: Santos FDRP, Amaral LROG, Santos MA, Ferreira AGN, Moura JF, Brito LB. Repercussions of spirituality in the lives of women living with HIV. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e771. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.711

Introduction: Overweight and obesity in the adolescent population are on the rise, it is thus necessary to identify interventions to prevent and manage these conditions in the youth group. Objective: To show the evidence found about the characteristics of the interventions published in indexed scientific journals on prevention and management of overweight and obesity, nutrition and physical activity, so that they are used in decision-making of policies and programs for the promotion and prevention of this health condition. Materials and Methods: A systematic review of qualitative and quantitative studies (ranging from experimental to descriptive, including both systematic reviews and meta-analyzes) published in 2005-2017 was performed by means of the PubMed and ScienceDirect databases, the Ovid and SciELO virtual libraries, and the Cochrane library reviews. Results: There is great variety in the design and implementation of interventions concerning components, theories, scenarios, evaluation of the effects, dosage, timing and monitoring that impact nutritional habits, physical activity, self-efficacy and the body mass index (BMI) of the studied population. Discussion: The effectiveness of interventions varies depending on the components and accuracy of implementation; consequently, this must be reviewed in the light of the best effects that have been found. Conclusions: 47 studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions will be strengthened with the use of a theory that guides and supports the findings to provide greater and better results. The components of interventions include: duration, dosage, intensity of intervention, response and monitoring. Adolescents prefer participatory and interactive methodologies; however, there is still no specific and clearly defined intervention that could be standardized to address this health issue. How to cite this article: Bonilla CP, Díaz LP. Características de las intervenciones realizadas con adolescentes en condición de sobrepeso y obesidad: una revisión integrativa. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e681. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.681

Introduction: Organ transplantation is a surgical procedure considered as an effective treatment for terminal illness. Performing a transplant may improve the quality of life of patients as well as in the different factors that may interfere with this perception. This study aims to evaluate the influence of socioeconomic factors inherent to the transplant on the perception of the quality of life in patients who have undergone organ transplants. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted by means of a socioeconomic questionnaire and a quality of life questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life- BREF. The sample consisted of 258 participants. Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests were conducted as well as the Spearman’s correlation. The level of significance adopted was p<0.05. Results: The results show that receiving an income of 2 salaries made a significant difference with respect to those participants receiving a lower income. Married participants showed a significant difference in the psychological aspect compared to those with another marital status. Liver transplant patients showed a significant difference in the self-assessment with respect to other transplant recipients. Discussion: Transplants, despite not providing a definitive cure, rehabilitates patients, enabling them to have pleasant experiences that had been forgotten due to the illness itself and that have been able to gradually experience again. Conclusions: Patients perceived a satisfactory quality of life when received high income, had undergone a liver transplant and had a partner, having a positive impact on this perception. Como citar este artigo: Leite AMC, Sousa PSA, Costa JR, Melo RA, Carvalho FO, Moura JC. Fatores relacionados à qualidade de vida de pacientes transplantados. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(2): e715. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i2.715

Introduction: Spirituality and religiosity influence longevity, coping with death, and life satisfaction, apart from providing illness support. This study aims to describe the spiritual perspective of older adults hospitalized in a secondary level healthcare institution. Materials and Methods: A quantitative, observational and cross-sectional study was conducted in internal medicine and surgery departments at the Rincón de Romos Hospital, Aguascalientes, using a non-probability sampling for convenience. The inclusion criteria were: older adults with at least 24 hours of hospitalization, men and women over 60 years of age. The Reed’s Spiritual Perspective Scale was used, the higher the score the higher the spirituality, including a section on sociodemographic characteristics. Additionally, a descriptive analysis through frequencies and percentages was made. Results: The average age of participants was 69.7 years (Min 62, Max 94, DE 7.31). 80.4% of the participants considered that they did not receive any spiritual or religious support from nurses during their hospital stay, 29.4% talked about spiritual matters at least once a week and 70.6% agreed that forgiveness is an important part of spirituality. Discussion: Spiritual care should be part of nurses’ daily life since older adults focus on prayer and spiritual reading, considering spirituality as an important element in their life. Conclusions: There is a high spiritual sense in older adults, which can support their emotional state during hospitalization, becoming an important factor to consider when caring hospitalized older adults. How to cite this article: Castañeda-Flores T, Guerrero-Castañeda RF. Espiritualidad en adultos mayores hospitalizados: Aproximación cuantitativa. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e724. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.724

Se conocen como enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV) al infarto agudo de miocardio (IAM), el accidente cerebrovascular (ACV) isquémico o hemorrágico y la enfermedad vascular periférica, también conocidas como enfermedades vasculares ateroscleróticas, pues tienen en común que el proceso fisiopatológico básico es el desarrollo de aterosclerosis en la vasculatura que irriga a los órganos afectados. El IAM y ACV son eventos agudos que se deben principalmente a obstrucciones en los vasos, las cuales se presentan cuando se produce ruptura de una placa aterosclerótica ocasionando un cuadro de atero-trombosis, fenómeno que explica la sintomatología de los eventos agudos. Actualmente las ECV se constituyen en la primera causa de morbi-mortalidad en todo el mundo, ocasionando que cada año mueran más personas por estas enfermedades que por cualquier otra causa. Según la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), anualmente 17,5 millones de personas en el mundo, es decir el 31% de las defunciones totales mueren a causa de alguna ECV, siendo que 7,4 millones se debe a IAM y 6,7 millones AVC.  Las ECV son consideradas al momento como una epidemia global que afecta a individuos de todos los países, independientemente de sus ingresos económicos, pero que han tenido un gran incremento en los países de ingresos medianos y bajos, afectando casi por igual a ambos sexos. Actualmente las ECV en su conjunto son la principal causa de muerte en Colombia, con el IAM ocasionando el 17% de la mortalidad general, tanto en hombres como en mujeres, seguida por el ACV y las enfermedades hipertensivas.Como citar este artículo: Lopez-Jaramillo P, Rueda-García D. Manejo interprofesoral de las enfermedades cardiovasculares. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(2): e756. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i2.756

Introduction: Disciplinary knowledge can be evidenced in nursing situations. Carper proposed four patterns of knowledge in 1978: empirical, ethical, aesthetic and personal; the latter allows the professional to know himself/herself to act in relation to others. Objective: This study aims to identify the dimensions of the personal knowledge pattern based on narratives constructed by professors of the Nursing Degree in the Universidad del Cauca. Materials and Methods: A qualitative phenomenological study was conducted, which included the preparation of data collection, data collection, organization, analysis and synthesis, summary, implications and results. Two professors participated with their narratives as they were considered representative for the program in relation to quality and content. In addition, interviews were carried out and focus groups were created in the process of complementarity analysis. Results: The patterns of knowledge in Nursing are indivisible and they can be identified through narratives. The dimensions of the personal knowledge pattern in our context involve 1. Humanization of care revealed through personal knowledge; 2. Confidence for care, concerns and questions from nurses; 3. I as a person, I as a nursing professional: expressing feelings, emotions, roles and believes; 4. Therapeutic use of themselves in nursing.  Discussion and Conclusions: Considering the link established in caring relationships, self-knowledge is fundamental in Nursing. Therefore, it is important to address it from a research, education and practice approach. Como citar este artículo: Muñoz YMA. Patrón de conocimiento personal identificado en narrativas de profesores de Enfermería. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(2): e688. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i2.688

Introduction: To evaluate adherence and fulfillment of the care practices that make up the ventilator-associated pneumonia prevention bundle in an Adult Intensive Care Unit. Materials and Methods: A prospective descriptive study was conducted in patients receiving mechanical ventilation who were hospitalized in the Intensive Care Unit of a Public Healthcare Institution between October and November 2017. The sampling was non-probability type corresponding to the observation of caring practices making up the Protocol in Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Prevention Bundle. Results: 30 patients receiving mechanical ventilation were observed for 44 days, making 2002 observations in total. During the study period, 3 (50%) of the practices remained above 80% of adherence, demonstrating the importance of monitoring the care practices included in the bundle. Discussion and Conclusions: It was observed that the fulfillment of some practices is below expectations, which demonstrates the need for educational strategies that promote the quality of all care practices. Como citar este artigo: Barros FRB. Adesão ao bundle de prevenção de pneumonia associada à ventilação mecânica. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(2): e746. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i2.746  

Introduction: Practical healthcare classes are common and mandatory to articulate the education of students. The importance of practical classes is acknowledged by both academics and educational institutions as a source of concerns and conflicts for both parties. In light of this situation, this study aimed at describing the feelings that nursing academics experience during practical classes at hospitals. Materials and Methods: a descriptive exploratory qualitative method study for which data was collected in May 2017 through a semi-structured interview with twelve undergraduate nursing students. Data analysis was done using the Discourse of Collective Subject after reviewing all the ethical and legal matters regulated by Resolution no. 466/12. Results: Students experience countless feelings such as fear, anxiety, happiness and frustration, besides constant concern to relate theory and practice. Discussion: Practical classes are transformation spaces for students’ way of acting and thinking as it is the time when they gain experiences that will support them during their entire professional life. Conclusions: During practical classes, students get through distress times, but also learning times. Consequently, it is necessary to rethink the teaching and learning process in this context. Como citar este artigo: Santos KA, Vivela ABA, Duarte ACS, Cruz NMC, Santos KA, Vieira SNS. Sentimentos vivenciados por discentes durante as práticas: implicações no processo de aprendizagem. Rev Cuid. 2020; 11(1): e774. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.774

Introduction: External causes are a serious public health problem. We can highlight motorcycle accidents among them as a factor that increases sequelae and deaths. In this line of thought, the Urgent and Emergency Care Network was created to reduce the morbimortality rates of this population and make early care visible. Materials and Methods: Quantitative, descriptive and cross-sectional study with 1,812 patient care reports of motorcycle accidents. Results: Most victims were 20 to 59-year-old (66%) men (60.7%), the evening shift showed the highest frequency (40.2%), most cases occurred on the public road (86.8%). The most common type of injuries are skin wounds (45.9%). The pre-hospital procedures most commonly performed were immobilizations (47.2%) and healing procedures 17.7%. Discussion: Traffic accidents primarily affect male individuals of economically active age and have become a factor that increases sequelae. The average Response Time was approximately 30 minutes. Conclusions: Results can contribute to the Mobile Emergency Care Service by pointing out the need to (re)organize the service and the need to develop cross-sector actions that may go beyond the components of the urgent and emergency care network. How to cite this article: Santos G, Nery A, Constâncio T, Oliveira J, Carmo É, Silva V, et al. Atendimentos do componente móvel da rede de atenção às urgências e emergências. Rev Cuid. 2019; 10(3): e779. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.v10i3.779