Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The objective of this paper is to analyze the discoursive strategies used by the National Institute of Migration (INM) in its texts regarding migration in transit through Mexican territory for political ends. For its achievement, Concealment and legitimation strategies are analyzed in 161 inm press releases of the referring to its actions regarding irregular transit migration in Mexico. With both strategies, this paper intends to discoursively (re)legitimize the policies and actions of migratory control carried out by the Mexican government, relying on the discourse of human rights.

This article is the first of two part describes and analyzes the effectiveness of the Movement for Peace with Justice and Dignity led by Javier Sicilia between 2011 and 2012. The movement began with the sudden emergence of a tragic celebrity who was his undisputed leader and distinguished himself by deploying an impressive repertoire of novel expressive actions of meaning. The movement gained a lot of visibility, mobilized thousands of people and influenced public decisions. It impacted the social imaginary of the country, raising awareness of the thousands of victims, public insecurity and overflowing violence and transformed passive victims into actors against the ominous situation.

Between 1970 and 2015, Latin America experienced a steady increase in their Free Trade Agreements put in force. Also, in this period important changes were introduced in them economic systems, through the introduction of market reforms. In the paper, it was argued that the implementation of this type of instruments is explained to a greater extent by the implementation of market reforms over other variables indicated in the specialized literature, such as higher levels of democratization.

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This work presents and comments on the different meanings of the concept of iconoclasm developed by Gilbert Durand in several of his works, as well as its various historical phases. It is a central concept of Durand’s symbolic hermeneutics, which allows him to assert the importance of imagination and imaginary activity in the formation of culture and the products of symbolic thought: science, art and religion. At the same time, the author makes a criticism of the diverse aspects assumed by iconoclasm, from the Middle Ages to the present time. Particular emphasis is placed on the criticism of modern and contemporary scientistic rationalism, in particular: Cartesianism, empiricism, and positivism. Orthodox Marxism and contemporary conceptual art are added to the currents of iconoclasm defined and criticized by Durand.

Using traditional approaches to human rights, transnational actors are beyond the scope of legislation protecting these rights. Globalization processes have increased the number and typology of these actors, who seem not to be directly bound by human rights norms. The result can be a crisis of the state as the sole protector and transgressor of rights and a need for new approaches that make accountability mechanisms effective. The aim is to defend the efficiency of human rights vis-à-vis third parties and to highlight the need for transparency in the mechanisms surrounding the creation of the Law Merchant.

The present text constitutes a critical proposal regarding a question focused on the categories with which Social Sciences have developed models of analysis around phenomena linked to fear in contemporary global contexts. We propose that these models of approach work as technologies that tend to reduce the affective powers of thought linked to the emergence of events that appear as inexplicable and unclassifiable, transforming fear into an epistemopolitical operation that, paradoxically, produces a harmonizing and articulating effect of those manifestations that escape outside the scope of objective explanatory criteria that fear supposes as an ordering axis of the multiplicity of forms and manifestations related to social life. In this sense we seek to describe how the treatment of the node “terror-fear-violence” allows to glimpse the emergence of a Policy of fear linked to the founding principles of contemporary neoliberal democracies, demanding from this elucidation the opening of an ethical-political question referring to the methodological conditions with which phenomena linked to terror has been progressively outlining a social economy of fear, thus opening a reflection that allows the understanding horror experiences in contemporary contexts from a perspective based on aesthetic-political keys of investigation.

The sulfuric acid spill into the Sonora river, enriched in iron and copper ions from the Buenavista del Cobre mine (Cananea), gave way to the formation of various solid iron (Fe) phases. In this study, the mineral phases were identified by X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) and bulk powder X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), and chemically through acid digestions for multielemental quantification, as well as a 3-step selective sequential extraction (SSE) to quantify the types of Fe oxide phases and the contribution of the associated elements. Jarosite was the only Fe mineral identified by XRD, but XAS allowed identification of jarosite with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) incorporated in its structure, making these elements less prone to leaching. In addition, very poorly crystalline phases such as schwertmannite and ferrihydrite were identified in several samples through XAS, which was confirmed by SSE. These phases are probably associated with PTEs. Other possible adsorbent Fe(III) minerals were also identified by XAS, such as maghemite and goethite; as well as mixed Fe(II)-Fe(III) minerals, such as green rust. It was possible to infer the influence of the acid spill on the different sampled areas through various Fe phases identified and/or the presence of gypsum. The influence was detected to be lower where the mineralogy was not associated to low pH and high sulfate concentrations. All precipitated Fe(III) phases downriver from the acid spill are known for their high retention capacities of PTEs either from incorporation into their structures and/or from surface adsorption, thus, contributing to the immobilization of the initial metal(loid) pollution caused by the acid spill. In addition, several other samples of mining-metallurgical wastes were analyzed by the same three techniques, suggesting many of the findings from the secondary Fe mineralogy of the Buenavista del Cobre mine acid spill as common processes occurring in mining-affected environments.

The Yucatan Peninsula, one of the five regions in which the Republic of Mexico is physiographically divided, is mainly constituted by carbonate rocks of sedimentary origin, which, due to its geological, structural, climatic and hydrogeological conditions, hosts important dissolution processes, which configure surface and underground karst landscapes. Among these, karst depressions in the form of cenotes, sinkholes, uvalas and poljes, have been the subject of many studies, because they constitute important groundwater and historic sociocultural resources, very sensitive to the environmental alteration. Currently, there are about 3000 collected karst depressions in the State of Yucatan (EY), however, the thick vegetation cover usually hinders its location and / or classification, reducing the completeness of the inventory. This paper presents the procedure used to build a catalog in the EY, grouped by types of karstic depressions, using a k-means semi-automatic classification system, using the most relevant morphometric parameters of the depressions, identified by a hierarchical clustering. The inventories used here are: cenotes (from SEDUMA), water bodies (from INEGI), and hypsometric level curves from 1:50 000 topographical maps (INEGI) which have been complemented with the depressions obtained, by two algorithms: DEM (15 m resolution, CEM 3.0, INEGI) filling and hierarchical, implemented in ArcGis, For each inventory, once each has been corrected and rectified, the morphometric parameters have been calculated: area, perimeter, circularity, shape, width, length, and elongation, the first two (logarithmically transformed) and the third and fourth ones, have turned out to be more relevant, after the cluster hierarchical analysis. The k-means clustering method provide, after synthesis of each grouping on inventories, a total of 6587 small depressions, geographically around to the Chicxulub impact structure, 4428 uvalas, 89 large depressions, all of them outside to the Chicxulub edge, and 5176 cockpit karst depression, mos o the spreaded over Sierra de Ticul, Finally, probabilistic distributions of most representative morphometric parameters, have been determined, characterizing each karstic sink tipology resulting clusters.