Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Health research is vital for the advancement of science and development in a country. However, researching with ethics in daily clinical practice is a slow process. Several factors play a critical role at the beginning of any investigation: the workplace, the right time, the resources with which it is counted, the number of study subjects that could be involved and even the socio familiar environment of the researcher. All these factors are directly or indirectly related to ethical problems between the doctor researcher and the patient or research subject; even more in countries like Peru, where the low educational level of the population increases a certain position of power of the doctor. Likewise, the appearance of new areas in Medicine such as palliative care, assisted human reproduction, gene therapy and tissue engineering make this pairing even more complex.

Vitamin C has been widely studied in medicine and although the importance of its deficiency with scurvy was recognized, the optimization of its use as a therapeutic resource has not been included in protocols or clinical practice guidelines. The pharmacokinetics and biology of vitamin C indicates the systemic effects it has, and based on it, research has been developed in recent years that supports its parenteral use in some diseases. The available evidence indicates that the benefit of its use does not extend to several diseases but to some such as cancer, whose preliminary report is promising, with adequate tolerability at high doses, but still needs to complete the prospective follow-up of the intervention.

Introduction: Manihot esculenta Crantz (yucca) leaves have been used around the world and over time in order to decrease the anti-inflammatory response. Objective: To evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of the ethanolic extract of the Manihot esculenta Crantz leaf in rats. Methods: An experimental study was conducted. The study population included 60 albino rats sp. Rattus novergicus, distributed in 4 groups of 15 rats each. A homogeneous solution of ethanolic extract of Manihot esculenta Crantz leaves was used for intraperitoneal administration. Carrageenan was used as an inflammatory inducer that was administered intradermally; for the measurement of plantar edema, the Digital Water Plethysmometer (LE7500) was used. Tween 80 / water solution (1:10) was administered to the negative control group at a dose of 1mL./100g., To the betamethasone positive control group 4mg / Kg and to treatment groups 1 and 2 Manihot esculenta Crantz, 2 mg / kg and 4 mg / kg, respectively. The 1-tail ANOVA test and the Tukey post hoc test were used for comparisons between the groups. Results: In 37.67% of treatment group 2 a reduction in edema was observed 3 hours after administering Manihot esculenta Crantz (p <0.05). In both administration groups of Manihot esculenta Crantz there was a nonsignificant trend to reduce plantar edema with values close to significance. Conclusion: The Manihot esculenta Crantz ethanolic extract at a 4 mg / kg dose probably have anti-inflammatory activity in this animal model of acute inflamation.

Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with gestational trophoblastic disease in patients treated in an outpatient office of the Gynecobstetrics service of the National Hospital Hipólito Unanue between January 2014 and December 2018. Methods: An observational, retrospective, analytical study of cases and controls was conducted. A total of 60 cases were taken as a sample and 120 stories were reviewed as a control group. The information obtained from the review of medical records was recorded in the data collection form. The odds ratio was determined with their respective confidence intervals (CI = 95%). For the multivariate analysis, a binary logistic regression model was used. Results: In the bivariate analysis, the factors associated with gestational trophoblastic disease were the history of abortion (OR 6.54; 95% CI 3.12 - 13.74; p <0.001) and multiparity (OR 3.35; 95% CI: 1.47 - 7.65; p <0.001). Age under 20 years was associated with a lower frequency (OR: 0.13; CI: 0.03-0.48 p <0.001). In the multivariate analysis, the only variables that showed significance were the history of abortion (OR 4.85; 95% CI 1.82-12.91; p = 0.002) as a risk factor and age under 20 years as a protective factor (OR 0.08; 95% CI 0.02 -0.32; p <0.001). Conclusion: The history of abortion and multiparity were associated with the presence of gestational trophoblastic disease, while the age under 20 years behaved as a protective factor.

Objective: To describe the characteristics of patients with non-urgent demand to the emergency room of an urban social security hospital. Methods: Observational study in a referral hospital. Stratified random sampling, 120 patients older than 14 years of priority IV (patients without commitment to vital functions or risk of immediate complication, which can be attended in outpatient room or decentralized offices). A validated predesigned questionnaire was applied. Performing descriptive statistics with IBM SPSS 24. Results: 66% of patients were female, most frequent ages over 65 years and between 20-40 years. 47% were active workers, with high school level or higher 86%, they had 83% personal cell phone and 73% wire TV or internet at home. 63% arrived at the public transport emergency, the delay time to the hospital was 30-60 minutes in 50% of cases and <30 minutes in 28%. He did not know his primary care center 33%, he was never treated before in this 57% and did not go to another health facility prior to his 87% emergency arrival. Most frequent symptoms: malaise, odynophagia, diarrhea and low back pain; with presentation time between hours and days in 91% of cases. Conclusion: Non-urgent consultation patients in the emergency room are predominantly female, young and old people, who are active in work, with a high level of education and access to communications technology, reside near the hospital and do not know their primary care center.

Introduction: The presence of calcifications may be useful for the diagnosis of breast neoplasia. Objective: To determine the association between the characteristics of mammographic calcifications and malignant neoplasia. Methods: Observational, analytical, retrospective of cases and controls. Developed in the Gynecology Breast Pathology Unit. Female patients with mammogram suggestive of malignant neoplasm with a positive malignancy biopsy were included as cases, and 67 patients without histological evidence of malignancy as controls. Results: The average age of the cases was 54.12 years, in the controls 50.34. 50,.9% (59) are older than or equal to 50 years, OR 2,399 95% CI (1,125-5,114) p = 0.022, of these 52.5% (31) had breast cancer. 9.5% (11) had calcifications suspicious of malignancy, the most frequent, the amorphous and the pleomorphic fine. 37.1% (43) of the total cases have the BI-RADS 0 category, 6.9% (8) BI-RADS 1, 8.6% (10) BI-RADS 2, 7.8 % (9) BI-RADS 3, 28.4% (33) BI-RADS 4, 8.6% (10) BI-RADS 5 and 2.6% (3) BI-RADS 6. 72, 7% (8) of patients with calcifications suspected of malignancy presented breast cancer. In the bivariate analysis, an OR of 4,163 was obtained. 95% CI (1,043-16,606) p = 0,031. In the multivariate analysis the association remained unchanged regardless of age and BI-RADS. Conclusion: Age 50 years or older and mammographic calcifications suspected of malignancy are associated factors for breast cancer.

Objective: To identify the maternal characteristics associated with the diagnosis of fetal macrosomia at Sergio E. Bernales Hospital from January to December 2018. Methods: An observational, analytical, retrospective, case-control study was carried out. The population studied was pregnant women with a diagnosis of fetal macrosomia treated in the gynecoobstetrics service of Sergio E. Bernales Hospital from January to December 2018. Through a data collection sheet, the information from the medical records was extracted; the data was then processed according to the IBM SPSS Statistics v25 program. Results: Of 532 patients studied, 133 cases and 399 controls were obtained. Maternal age varies between 14 and 45 years (average age of 27.01). A statistically significant association was found between fetal macrosomia and the following variables: post-term pregnancy (OR = 13,613 95% CI 2,901-63,891), gestational diabetes (OR 5.7 IC95% 2.5 -12.7), excessive weight gain (OR 1,833 95% CI 1,154-2,911), sex of the newborn (OR 1.83 95% CI 1.2-2.7) and age of the mother (OR 1.7 95% CI 1.0-2.9). When performing the multivariate analysis, no association was found with the variables age of the mother (P = 0.228, OR 1.510 95% CI 0.773-2.950) and BMI (P = 0.331, OR 0.740 95% CI 0.403-1.358), so they were considered confusing variables. Conclusion: The maternal characteristics associated with the diagnosis of fetal macrosomia are post-term delivery, gestational diabetes, excessive weight gain and sex of the newborn.

Objective: To evaluate the learning style (EEAA) and its relation with the academic performance (RA), in Nursing Interns of a national university of Peru. Methods: Cross-sectional, quantitative, correlational study; conducted in 70 nursing interns during 2018, the Honey-Alonso validated questionnaire (CHAEA) was applied for learning styles and record of grades for academic performance, the data were submitted to descriptive and inferential statistics, using SPSS 26.0. Results: The population characteristics, according to age, 84.5% were between 20 and 25 years old, usually single, do not work, although a significant group does, and 82.9% women. In EEAA reflexive learning (0.80) predominates, followed by theoretical (0.75), pragmatic (0.66) and active (0.57). The weight average of R.A. It was 15.84, with a good and excellent qualification, 62.86% presented a good performance, followed by 32.86% with excellent performance. The results of association between EEAA and RA were not significant (P> 0.05). Conclusion: The academic performance of nursing interns was mainly good and excellent. The EEAA evaluation showed the reflexive style as predominant. We found no significant association between learning styles and their contribution to academic performance.

Objective: To determine the risk factors associated with low back pain in marines attended by an outpatient of the Centro Médico Naval in Lima in 2017. Methods: Cases and controls study that included 66 cases and 132 controls, obtaining the information from medical records of the personnel of the Peruvian Navy in activity attended by an outpatient of physical medicine and rehabilitation through a validated data collection form. For the calculation of the chi-square and the p-value; logistic regression was used to estimate the Odds Ratio (OR) and CI 95%. Results: Of the total population, the male sex was 90.4%, the median age was 26 years (IR: 36-77). The presence of low back pain was associated in the multivariate analysis with age (OR = 1.05; 95% CI (0.94 - 1.16)), service time (OR = 0.91; 95% CI (0, 81-1)), overweight or obesity (OR = 2.24; 95% CI (1.16-4.28)) and dyslipidemia, (OR = 2.00; 95% CI (1.47-5, 66)). Conclusion: The presence of low back pain in naval personnel associated with age, gender, nutritional status and dyslipidemia.

Objective: The aim of this study was to determine the association betweenwaist to height ratio and uncomplicated cystitis in a primary health care center in Lima, during the year 2018. Methods: We conducted an observational, analytical, case-control study, in which a total of 131 cases and 131 controls were obtained by simple random sample, applying exclusion and inclusion criteria. Retrospective recollection of the data was performed using the medical record of each selected patient. Odds ratio was calculated to measure the strength of association. Results: the waist to height ratio mean for uncomplicated cystitis was 61,9 ± 6.39 and 58.12 ± 3.87 for the controls. We found an statistical significant association between uncomplicated cystitis and waist to height ratio (OR 5,27; 95%CI 3,10 – 8,95; p <0,001). Waist circumference (OR 2,11 95%CI;1,26 – 3,55; p=0,005) and body mass index (OR 2,02; 95%CI 1,20 – 3,37; p=0,007) were also associated. Conclusion: we found a strong association between waist to height ratio and uncomplicated cystitis, prospective studies are suggested to confirm the association between visceral obesity and the appearance of urinary tract infections