Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: Ota nevus is a benign dermal melanocytic hamartoma with a macular appearance, poorly defined and in a gray-black patch that generally affects the first and second branches of the trigeminal unilaterally. Objective: To evaluate the efficacy, safety and adverse events caused by the application of 755 nm Alexandrite laser for the treatment of Ota nevus. Methods: Case series of 10 phototype IV patients with unilateral Ota Nevus treated between January 2017 and December 2018, which were treated with this light energy and with defined parameters. Results: The mean age was 29 years. The patients who completed the treatment did not show repigmentation in the treated lesion and the satisfaction index was acceptable. It was observed that the average of sessions to obtain favorable results varied between 8 and 10 applications. Among the most important adverse effects, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation and the removal of the superficial layer of the post laser skin stand out. All were controlled without leaving permanent residual lesions. Conclusion: The 755 nm Alexandrite Q-switched laser is an effective technology to achieve a high degree of depigmentation in the treatment of Ota nevus and can be considered as a first-line treatment for the management of this pathology.

Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is one of the most prevalent pathologies, affecting up to 9% of the world population until 2014 and in Peru, 4.3% of the adult population is already diabetic. These patients are more susceptible to infectious diseases, being the urinary tract the most frequent, considering complicated, which means that they must receive hospital management, leading to a decrease in their quality of life. Objective: To determine if diabetic nephropathy is a risk factor for the prevalence of urinary tract infection in patients hospitalized in the Uldarico Hospital medical service Rocca Fernández Methods: It is an observational, analytical study of longitudinal section, case and control type; the information was collected through a data sheet using the medical records of the patients hospitalized in the service of medicine of the Uldarico Rocca Fernández Hospital in the 2011-2015 period. The sample was obtained by probabilistic sampling, being the size of this 360, with a proportion of cases and controls 1: 1. Results: The diabetic nephropathy obtained an OR = 8.62 (IC95% 4.78 - 15.57), the macroalbuminuria obtained an OR = 5.75 (IC95% 2.99 - 11.06), the alkaline pH obtained an OR = 5.42 (IC95% 3.22 - 9.13) and the glycemic control obtained an OR = 5.44 (IC95% 3.44 - 8.88). Conclusion: Diabetic nephropathy is associated with a higher prevalence of UTI in patients hospitalized in the medicine service of the Ulda Rocca Fernández Hospital.   DOI:  10.25176/RFMH.v19.n1.1791

Objective: To determine the relationship between knowledge and skills in diabetic patients on theChronic complications of diabetes mellitus 2 in the Endocrinology Service of the PNP National HospitalLuis N. Suárez in 2016. Methods: Quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional and correlational study. They were surveyedto 110 diabetic patients with a questionnaire to assess knowledge (10 items with response frommultiple selection) and another for skills (modified Lickert type). The knowledge was classifiedas high, medium and low level and the aptitudes as favorable, unfavorable and indifferent according to the Scale of Estanones. The normality of the scores was determined with the Kolmogorov-Smirnov Test and theassociations with chi square, p <0.05 and Pearson's correlation test. Results: The average age was49.85 ± 6.97 years, 74.5% female, 75.5% with sick time between 1-5 years, 67.3% with goodadherence to pharmacological treatment. The level of knowledge was: high 28.2%, medium 49.1% and low 22.7%, and the skills were: favorable 23.6%, unfavorable 58.2% and indifferent 18.2%. There is no relationship between knowledge and skills (p = 0.247). Only statistical association was found between knowledge and pharmacological treatment (p <0.05). Conclusion: Diabetic patients have a level of knowledge about his chronic complications and his aptitudes were predominantly unfavorable. It is necessary to perform educational strategies to improve the knowledge and skills of diabetics. Keywords: Chronic complications; Diabetes mellitus 2; Knowledge; Aptitudes; Correlation. (source: DeCS BIREME).   DOI:  10.25176/RFMH.v19.n1.1793

Objective: To determine the associated factors and the degree of adherence to HAART in patients with HIV / AIDS in the Central Hospital PNP "Luis N. Sáenz" in the months of October to December 2015. Methods: Observational, cross-sectional, analytical and descriptive study where 123 patients were evaluated with a CEAT-HIV questionnaire. The data collection was done in the Microsoft Excel program and the statistical analysis through the SPSS program v.22. Results: We found that the average age of all the patients evaluated was 40.11 years. The infection time of the patients evaluated was an average of one year and 7 months. The treatment time with the HAART consisted of an average of 20 months. The 52% (64 patients) of the studied population was a family member of the holder, whether wife (or), child (ren) or parents. The gender that prevails in the sample is male with 63.4% (78 patients). And viral load, 77.2% is undetectable (<400 copies /ml). The degree found was an adequate adherence to HAART, with a score of 82.51, and when relating the degree of adherence with the socio-demographic characteristics they are not significant. But if the degree of adherence with viral load was found to be related. Conclusion: The studied population has an adequate adherence to antiretroviral treatment and the 5 factors that the questionnaire measures: compliance with the treatment, history of lack of adherence, doctor-patient interaction, beliefs of the patient and strategy for taking medications, they have very good influence on adherence to HAART.   DOI:  10.25176/RFMH.v19.n1.1792

Introduction: Evaluate the validity and reliability of an instrument adapted to Peru to measure pre-presenceof Burnout Syndrome in university students of the career of Human Medicine at the UniversityRicardo Palma, taking as a starting point the Burnout Inventory of Maslach - Student Survey (MBISS). Methods: Cross-sectional analytical study, with level of application research. Validity was evaluated byanalysis of factorial structure with the principal components method, Kaiser-Meyer Olkin tests and Varimax rotation were applied; the reliability by the Cronbach alpha value. Results: 223 students from the Faculty of Human Medicine of the Ricardo Palma University were included, from November to December 2016. The prevalence of academic Burnout found was 28.25% (63); The Kaiser-Meyer Olkin fitness test had a result of 0.813 and Barlett's sphericity test of 1007.5 (p <0.000). The cumulative variance explained by 3 factors was calculated to be 55.4%. The instrument obtained a Cronbach's Alpha coefficient = 0.794, with correlations between the items, Emotional Exhaustion (α =, 855), Cynicism (α = 0.623) and Academic Efficiency (α = 0.744). Conclusion: The adapted and validated instrument gathers the psychometric properties to be considered a useful and reliable instrument initially in human medicine students of the Ricardo Palma University, presenting an adequate factorial structure and internal consistency to determine the level of Burnout Syndrome Academic.   DOI 10.25176/RFMH.v19.n1.1794

Objective: To determine whether alcohol consumption is a factor associated with depression in male medicine students at the Ricardo Palma del Ciclo II Private University (August-December) in 2018. Methods: Non-experimental, analytical, cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study in the Human Medicine Faculty of the Ricardo Palma University, during the 2018 academic year. A survey and a validated test conducted 200 male students after their informed consent: The validated self-evaluation test of depressive features of Zung. which consists of 20 questions that help us determine the depressive state according to the diagnostic criteria ICD-10 and DSM IV. Results: 200 male students were surveyed. 67.5% of students are between 18 and 22 years old. 70% of students rarely consume alcohol, and 9% of students consume alcohol 2 to 6 times a week, 48.5% of students have mild depression and 3% of students have severe depression, in the group of students who have severe depression 50% consume alcohol 2 times a week, in the Chi square test the p-value (p = 0.000), which allow establishing that there is a significant relationship between alcohol consumption and depression in students Finally, it was found that the Odd Ratio (OR = 9.4) for Alcohol Consumption establishes that male students who consume alcohol more than once a week have a 9,444 higher risk of developing depression than male students who consume alcohol once a week. the week or less. Conclusion: Alcohol consumption is a risk factor associated with depression in male students of the Faculty of Medicine of the Ricardo Palma University.   DOI 10.25176/RFMH.v19.n1.1801

Surgery has marked a milestone in history, from its origins and for many centuries, this specialty a close relationship with the healing of wounded in combat case presented during the beginning of Open Surgery, with the so-called Trepanaciones Craniaas that were made in the 700 a.C. - 200 AD for the Paracas Culture in Peru; with the During the time the techniques that were complemented with the use were perfected of new instruments and the development of technology leading to a revolution in the various Surgical specialties   DOI 10.25176/RFMH.v19.n1.1800

Objective:Systematize the findings of studies on the factors associated with depression in patients with breast cancer.Methods:A systematic review of the medical literature was carried out in Medline, SciELO and Google Scholar with the descriptive terms of the Medical Subject Headings: depression, breast cancer. Six articles were selected with the exclusion criteria of articles with a publication period between 2013-2018, written in Spanish or English, which analyzed patients with depression associated with cancer breast and studies with a minimum sample of 80 participants.Results:In this review 6 have been includedstudies. The factors associated with depression in breast cancer patients we have is the age whereit is seen that the population between 40 and 60 years of age, being divorced or single, educational level up to primary school, being unemployed, belonging to a low social class, clinical stage 4 and chemotherapy treatment increases the risk of having depression in patients with breast cancerConclusion:It is concluded in the present review that more studies on a larger scale are needed regarding the factors associated with depression in patients with breast cancer, especially in Peru, since only one article related to the topic of interest was found. On the other hand, it is necessary to systematize the associated factors well since there are several factors related to depression and with different results depending on the type of hospital and country, to be able to propose a good program of psychological support and education about the disease.     DOI:  10.25176/RFMH.v19.n1.1795

Objective: The objective of this article is to carry out a systematic review of several scientific publicationsabout the risk factors associated with nosocomial pneumonia in adult patients. Methods: The review was conducted through the electronic search of various scientific articles related to the subject. The PEO question was used: Is there an association between risk factors and the development of nosocomial pneumonia in adult patients? The search sources were PubMed and Scielo. The key words were: "nosocomial pneumonia", "hospital - acquired pneumonia" in combination with "risk factors"; "Nosocomial pneumonia", "intrahospital pneumonia" together with "risk factors". Articles published from January 1, 2014 to December 10, 2018 were selected. Results: Of the 101 articles found, 77 were discarded because they did not comply with our inclusion and exclusion criteria, leaving 24 articles for this review. The significant risk factors for NN were: Age (OR = 1.742, p = 0.000), consciousness disorder (HR: 2.0, P <0.005), CKD (OR: 2.194, P <0.002), COPD (OR: 3.52; p = 0.001), emergency tracheal intubation (OR 1.511, P <0.024) and mechanical ventilation (HR: 8.2, P <0.005), etc. Conclusion: Various intrinsic and extrinsic risk factors are associated with the acquisition of nosocomial pneumonia in adult patients: Age, consciousness disorder, CKD, COPD, endotracheal intubation, mechanical ventilation and other factors.   DOI 10.25176/RFMH.v19.n1.1796

Hospital Triage is a fundamental part of emergency clinical management when the demand exceeds the availability of human and technical resources. The Emergency Triage is a system that offers a method to assign clinical priority in emergency situations. It is not designed to judge whether patients are properly diagnosed in the emergency setting, but to ensure that those who need urgent care receive it properly and in a timely manner.Through the implementation of triage in emergencies, there has been an improvement in the quality of care, since it is attended in an appropriate manner and in the time necessary to those pathological situations that require rapid assistance.Triage in emergency services has been evaluated in many research projects where they conclude that it is necessary to create, develop and change it according to the demands of better care and increased demand in emergency. This last aspect has been the most important determinant worldwide in the development and creation of different triage scales to deal with emergencies adequately and in the necessary time. In Peru in general and in Lima in particular, there is no systematic development of concepts and uniform implementation of triage in hospital emergency services. It is necessary to know the concepts surrounding the triage of hospital emergency services and in accordance with this, establish the regulations, by the governing bodies in health, necessary to improve initial care and emergency quality.   DOI 10.25176/RFMH.v19.n1.1797