Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Urban heritage areas in the city represent an important part of urban image because they constitute some of the key built areas in the city; however, many of them are very damaged losing part of their historical value. The research analyzes the changes in the urban infrastructure, under a walkability focus, and their incidence on the preservation level for the case of the Heritage Urban Environment of 15 de Junio in the city of Huancayo in Peru. The urban phenomena are presented based on documentary review and semi-structured interviews to 12 people with semi-permanent residence in the area for about 50 years. Finally, a hierarchical multiple linear regression model is used to evaluate la predictability capability of the preservation state based on the urban infrastructure. It was recognized that walkaway size, cross easiness, night use of public space and building use contributed significantly to the predictability of preservation levels in the area of study.

This paper aims to raise some theses or arguments about the specificities of the neoliberalization process in the city of Rio de Janeiro, which may also contribute to the understanding of the Brazilian and Latin American urban context. Results allow the development of three thesis about the contradictions surrounding Porto Maravilha renewal project. The first one states that the understanding of urban transformations in Porto Maravilha must consider the specific characteristics of the urban configuration of the city (a hybrid, unequal and combined urban order), such as the role of black culture and the African diaspora in its configuration. The second thesis argues that Porto Maravilha constitutes a neoliberal experiment triggered by a coalition of interests, but, at the same time, its implementation is constrained by the hybrid, unequal and combined urban order – which the first modifies in a process of multiscale creative destruction that produces a local version of a global phenomenon. The third thesis argues that urban renewal projects in Rio de Janeiro promote a kind of elitization, peripheral gentrification, characterized by whitewashing processes and attempts to annihilate black culture. Social resistances, however, result in the reproduction of the hybrid urban order, uneven and combined. Research involved several data collection techniques, specially, documental analysis and direct observation.

The building in height implies a new form of construction, land use and occupation type, constituting itself as urban analysis units that affect the urban fabric and the actors present in it. This research seeks to understand the morphological transformations caused by verticalization processes and the effects on the ways of inhabiting residents of the urban center of Concepción. Therefore, based on the case study of the Condell neighborhood, the use of residential land in height is analyzed by planimetric surveys and semi-structured interviews of residents according to the year of arrival in the neighborhood. The results show that the appearance of the building in height in the urban fabric implies a type of occupation and land use that substantially alters the urban landscape and the ways of living, placing everyday mobility as a key aspect. The research allows to open veins for specialized studies that contribute to the reorientation of planning and Territorial Planning Instruments (IPT) in intermediate cities.

This paper explores the urban services that offer functional support to new residence projects, located in the urban peripheries and rural soils of the municipalities as part of the Bogotá-Facatativá industrial and services corridor (CVSO). For this purpose, it combines what is expressed by residents, administrators of the residential complexes, builders and officials of the municipal administrations, regarding the availability and residential use of the services, with the analysis of the flows between the residences, the public services. The results reveal insufficient attention to early residents, due limited services offered in real estate development, ambiguities in urban regulation and the late emergence of a complementary offer in the immediate vicinity of the projects in response to new residential demands.

Many studies have focused on customer value and how it is created based on the performance of front-line employees in addition to the unquestionable role of top management. It is also necessary to analyze the creation of value within the organization from the role of middle managers. These managers are crucial to orient employees for promoting value for customers that in turn creates value for stakeholders. Using an anthropological model we analyzed the creation of value in three organizational dimensions: economical, social and ethical, and how the role of middle managers contributes to this purpose. We applied a survey to 263 middle managers to identify their views about their role and their needs for assuming it. We designed and executed a program for developing the competencies and personal qualities required for fulfilling their role focused on the creation of value. This study included semi-structured interviews to explore the experience and beliefs of these managers about the main tasks they face according to the three dimensions of the model. Through the results obtained we designed a scheme to arrange the role of these managers. Finally, we validated a model to prepare them as leaders for creating value.

WHO (2015) states that there is an increase in ageing in the world population, which is further compounded by situations of age discrimination. These negative attitudes constitute entrenched stereotypes that harm not only society but also the elderly themselves. For this reason, all social and health actors need to work under the paradigm of Active Ageing, which advocates an integrated old age in a context of development and social participation. Objectives: To analyse the health self perception, quality of life and psychological welfare of the elderly, as well as to compare whether there are differences in relation to sex, place of residence (urban/rural) and how to perceive retirement. Methodology: Sample: 91 subjects (=74,07 years). Instruments: Health Questionnaire SF (36) and Psychological Welfare Scale (Díaz et al., 2006). Results: The participants show a very satisfactory assessment in their own perception of health and quality of life. In this respect, different trends are observed according to habitat, rural/urban, where the largest resides. On the other hand, there are also differences in the dimensions of psychological welfare according to the sex of the subjects and the way they perceive the fact of retirement.

Introducción: La teoría de la conducta planificada (TCP) propone que el comportamiento se explica por las intenciones y que estas, a su vez, están determinadas por actitudes, percepciones normativas y de control. El modelo ha sido recomendado y utilizado para diseñar intervenciones de comunicación en salud pública. Objetivos: El propósito de este trabajo es explorar las asociaciones de los constructos de la TCP en el contexto del consumo de frutas y verduras en la población chilena. Métodos: Se realizaron dos estudios cuantitativos con diseño descriptivo no experimental. El primero es una encuesta transversal cara a cara a adultos de 18 a 78 años de segmentos socioeconómicos medios y bajos (N = 250). El segundo es una encuesta longitudinal autoaplicada en mujeres de 12 a 18 años (N= 751). Los datos se analizaron utilizando regresiones múltiples jerárquicas. Resultados: En ambos estudios se encontró que las actitudes, percepciones normativas y de control estaban significativamente asociadas con las intenciones. Las intenciones, en tanto, tenían una asociación transversal con la conducta. Conclusión: Los hallazgos de este estudio subrayan la utilidad de la TCP para guiar intervenciones para promover una alimentación saludable, en especial, el rol de las actitudes y las percepciones de control.

Introducción: Algunos autores apuntan a que se observa un aumento de la desconfianza en el sistema sanitario. Objetivo: Este trabajo pretende analizar algunos de los factores que pueden estar afectando a la confianza en el sistema sanitario occidental y a la toma de decisiones de las personas, reflexionar en base a ello, y sobre cómo reforzar la confianza de los ciudadanos en la medicina convencional. Método: Se realiza una revisión de la literatura científica y no científica relacionados con la temática del trabajo haciendo uso de tres estrategias de búsqueda: 1) Motores de búsqueda (Google); 2) un periódico nacional en su versión digital (el País) y un periódico digital (Diario Médico), elegidos aleatoriamente; 3) gestores bibliográficos de literatura científica como Pubmed y Web of Science. Resultados: Los medios de comunicación, Internet y redes sociales, y movimientos anticiencia son los ingredientes perfectos para la generación de desconfianza en el sistema sanitario y manipular las decisiones de las personas para el tratamiento de la salud y la enfermedad. Conclusiones: reforzar de nuevo la confianza de la ciudadanía en un sistema sanitario efectivo requiere del trabajo conjunto de varios colectivos.

This article carried out a content analysis on 28 digital educational materials published between 2012 and 2018, to train Latin American journalists in Disaster Risk Management (DRM). The aim of the study was to establish whether the focus of these pedagogical resources was consistent with the guidelines of the international agencies for the education of the reporters. This, by generating a change in the way they are covering this issue. The main goal of this courses should be that the public journalistic discourse changes their traditional centrality on disasters and their attention to emergencies, as well as to start communica­ting prevention. The results of the analysis identified progress and limitations in the construction of the resources, both in what concerns their pedagogical relevance and in the inclusion of central themes for DRM. Based on the findings, reflections are offered on how these resources could be improved to fulfill their objective of contributing to a collective mobilization that favors prospective risk management and strengthens social development.

It is intended to assess the use and meaning of food-related expressions in Spanish language such as «comida basura» (junk food), «guarrerías» or «snacking». Methodology: A questionnaire has been developed and answered by residents in Spain. Results: An identification has been observed between the expressions «junk food» and «fast food», and a high agreement between «junk food» and «unhealthy food». The main foods included in this term are «refreshing drinks», followed by «hot dogs», «hamburger», «chips» and «pizza». There is broad agreement that the reason «food» is called «junk» is because it «promotes obesity», and because «it can cause cardiocirculatory problems». The term «guarrerías» related to food is known by 96.3% of surveyed, is related to foods such as «candies», «goodies», «buns», «chips», «salty snacks» or «popcorn».The consumption of «guarrerías» is associated with «unhealthy food». «Snacking» is only known by 52.87% of participants, is related to «eat between meals» and «habitual consumption of snacks». Conclusion: The use of expressions such as «junk food» (comida basura) or «guarrerías» can be useful in nutritional and health education.