Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: This paper argues the role of Discourse Analysis - DA (Michel Pêcheux, Eni Orlandi) as a theoretical-methodological contribution to the evaluation of health campaigns. Objectives: It shows how DA can be applied to identify and understand discourses of resistance to health promotion campaigns. Methodology: It analyses the HIV prevention campaign of the Brazilian Ministry of Health designed for the carnival of 2010, as well as individual interviews with two people living with HIV. Results: By comparing the discourses mapped in the campaign and those present in the interviews, some dissonance of senses, understood as forms of resistance, are identified. Discussion: Such results also lead to the discussion regarding biopower issues (Michel Foucault) and the relationship between power and resistance in historical processes of subjectivation. Conclusion: It is concluded that, before trying with campaigns to change individual’s practices towards behaviors that promote health, institutional practices must be changed in order to prioritize listening to people when designing such campaigns, by applying Discourse Analysis’s theoretical-methodological contributions.

Communication enables the establishment of professional links, facilitating interdisciplinary collaboration, as well as the elaboration of joint plans. Interprofessional communication problems during usual care activity can be transformed into information errors that affect patient safety. Objective: To analyze the variables, themes and categories that characterize the communication between nursing and medical professionals for safe health care. Methodology: A systematic review of the primary studies published in electronic databases in English and Spanish on communication between nursing and medical professionals was carried out. Results: Seventeen studies met the criteria of the review. Both quantitative and qualitative studies showed that speaking clearly and precisely favored patient safety. On the contrary, the use of indirect language or its inhibition hindered effective interprofessional communication. In qualitative studies, nursing professionals recommended the maintenance of a respectful professional attitude, collaboration, professional recognition and greater listening. Conclusions: There is a general absence of cross-cultural adaptation and validation of questionnaires in quantitative studies. Most of the studies are limited to special services care settings. More studies in hospitalization are needed.

Introduction: Young people are at the center of the HIV/AIDS crisis. In 2017, according to UNICEF, 30 teenagers from 15 to 19 years old were infected per hour in the world. But they do not always have their sexuality demands valued in health services. Objective: This article aims to understand the bond between health professionals and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS as a means for the production and circulation of discourses of sexuality. Methodology: Based on ethnography performed at an AIDS Clinic of the public health service of the city of Rio de Janeiro, between 2013 and 2014, we conducted participant observation of individual and collective activities of professionals, interviews with professionals and youth, and documental analysis, which evidenced the bond in a historical and current perspective. Results: We identified the production and circulation of discourses of sexuality in reports, bulletins, internal groups and medical consultations, devices by which the bond between professionals and teens was established. Conclusion: The bond enabled reception, active listening, affection, and social participation of users, strengthening the public health service in the face of privatization policies. Also by the bond, professionals exercised the control of young sexuality, being a device of incitement to “self-care”.

In the world, natural disasters have increased greatly during the last decade, which has resulted in a significant increase in victims and material damage. Currently, approximately 70% of these disasters are related to climate, twice as many as 20 years ago, according to the UN. In the case of Spain, scientists agree that the most frequent are floods and overflows. Although the country enjoys an auspicious scenario in comparison with other countries with more catastrophes, this also generates an inconvenience: the population, and especially the young people, do not have a social conscience about natural disasters and would not know how to act in case of an emergency, premise that constitutes the main hypothesis of this investigation. Therefore, the primary objective of knowing the level of information and awareness that the young Spanish population has about natural disasters and to be able to develop the final objective of combating this problem by generating more education and information about it.

Objective: To review the scientific literature regarding the effectiveness of basic mobile technology in therapeutic adherence in patients diagnosed with diabetes mellitus type II (DMT2). Methodology: Quasi-systematic review, whose inclusion criteria were: 2.012-2.018, English and/ or Spanish, randomized and controlled clinical trials, subjects diagnosed with DMT2, basic mobile technology and results related to therapeutic adherence. The identified studies were evaluated by the Jadad’s scale. Results: Six studies were included: 4 used text messages and 2, phone calls. The duration of the intervention ranged from 3 to 18 months. 1.690 subjects diagnosed with DMT2 were recruited, of whom only 810 completed the studies. Limitations: Shortage of quality controlled and/or randomized clinical trials. There have been no studies that include the different components of therapeutic adherence in relation to the use of basic mobile technology. Conclusions: The use of basic mobile technology, together with health education, can improve the implication in the different components of therapeutic adherence in patients diagnosed with DMT2. Implications of the main findings: The use of basic mobile technology reinforces the concepts and the monitoring of people by health professionals.

Introduction: The wave of wildfires in the autumn season of 2017, that claimed the lives of 45 people in Portugal and four in Galicia, brought up the big challenge to the media of provide immediate and qualitative information in disaster situations. Objectives: Determine the digital press priorities in Spain reporting about wildfires, explain news coverage and provide recommendations from a journalistic perspective. Methods: Quantitative and qualitative analysis of press articles about wildfires in Galicia in 2017 published as digital editions in EL País and La Voz de Galicia from October 13th to 23rd of 2017. Results: Both media give priority to the use of governmental sources and a single point of view. El País provide more balanced information in terms of topics and frames. La Voz de Galicia prefers human-interest frames more frequently. Conclusions: The editorial line of both media is reflected in the politicization of issues such as the allocation of responsibilities. El País stands out for using a deeper journalistic content and La Voz de Galicia uses a more superficial one with a tendency to sensationalism.

In Spain, the National Health System has a high level of excellence. But this good reputation may so­metimes be marred as a result of an inadequate managing of the public function of informing by both, its components and the Administration. This essay is based on a research of this author about managing Public Information by the State to face extraordinary situations related to health, analyzing the crisis caused by the Evola virus in Spain in 2014. The point of view on which this study is made is based on the objectivity of the empiric data, the regulations about communication and the use of technical para­meters in the valoration of media reports. In this context these parameters are analyzed: the acting and responsibility of media professionals, the information sources, and some ethycal, deontological and legal aspects that must be taken into account by those concerned with giving an answer to these kind of situations, specially the professionals of public health and political authorities.

In 2015 more than 65 million people around the world were forced to leave their homes. It was the refugees´s year. Also it was the year of Aylan’s death. The photograhy of his body went around the world and removed the collective consciousness of a society immune to the suffereing of others. It was a decisive change in the media coverage of conflict. The objective of this research is to study what was the effect of this picture. For this reason, we will analyze the coverage through pictures in the ABC newspaper. Through this study we verified how Aylan’s photography managed to change of newspapers discourse, but this effect didn´t last for too long. Apart from this the massive consumption of pictures caused a false illusion about the conflict, when actually citizens perceived only part of the complex conflict. Also, we prove how the incorrect use of the terms “refugee” and “immigrant” affects the negative image that the society perceives of this humanitarian conflict. A fact of special relevance considering the public service of the journalists and their ethical criteria.

The use of sources of information in news media coverage of the crises is a huge challenge for journalists. This research focuses specifically on the use as an informative source of official social media (those belonging to organizations involved in the management of a crisis) and unofficial social media (victims, affected, citizens, etc.) in emergency and disaster coverage. The data comes from an online survey applied to the directors of the 30 most important media in Spain in the four-mass media studied: television, radio, press and online media. The results show that in journalistic coverage of crises, journalists rely a lot on the information from the official website (Public administrations, Police, Firefighters, Civil Defense, etc.), quite a bit on the one coming from the official social media and little in that provided by the unofficial social media (victims, affected, citizens, etc.). Of all the official social networks analyzed: Facebook is the one that inspires less confidence as a source for journalists, in a current context marked by the risk of fake news and misinformation. Regarding the purpose, most journalists use information from social media to verify news stories and get contacts.

Between Friday, October 13 and Monday afternoon, October 16, 2017, one hundred and forty-six fires were registered in Galicia. Sixty on Sunday and twenty-eight of these initiates at dawn, between midnight and nine in the morning. Leaving a balance of four fatalities and some twenty wounded and a challenge for the media coverage of the media, specifically in its function of keeping the citizen informed in emergency situations. Therefore, the analysis of the information treatment in two newspapers, one of national coverage and another of regional coverage, analyzing the follow-up and content of its news, as well as compliance with the decalogue of recommendations for media and journalist of catastrophe events issued by the Colexio of Xornalistas. In addition, special consideration will be given to the fact that the aforementioned media incur the disclosure of Fake News during the event.