Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The Chapada das Mesas National Park was created in 2005 whit the objective of protecting the floristic, faunistic, diversity, endemic species, natural attributes, such as the presence of 400 river sources and morrarias carved by the process of natural weathering present in the region, known as Chapada das Mesas, located in the Cerrado phytogeographic domain, in the South of Maranhão, Brazil. Some aspect to be addressed when creating a conservation unit is the conflicts generated by the limitation of the exploration of natural resources by the residents of the place, where protected areas the land issue. In this sense, it is research had as objective investigate the participation of residents in the process of creating the Chapada das Mesas National Park. The research was descriptive, whit application of forms to 40 residents. Checked that 77.5% live in the Park. 75% did not participate in the project to implement the conservation unit and 50% were against. With the perspective of families living inside the conservation unit and with the elaboration of the Management Plan, the residents are expected to understand the importance of the National Park to preserve this ecosystem and to support its implementation.

The production of charcoal deriving from native forests has been putting pressure on different biomes, mainly the Cerrado one, where the vegetation has been devastated to supply charcoal mining companies focused on Brazilian steel plants. Forest replenishment is an environmental management tool used to reduce pressure on natural resources, through reforestation. Data on the production of charcoal allow stipulating the amount of original forest replenishment credits to offset the use of natural resources. The objective of this work was to the current charcoal production scenario and the main consumers of charcoal deriving from native forests in Tocantins State. Forest Origin Documents regarding the period from 2009 to 2016 were provided by the Brazilian Institute of Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA - Instituto Brasileiro do Meio Ambiente e dos Recursos Naturais Renováveis) and used as data sources. Data were inserted in a spreadsheet and subjected to descriptive statistics. Values stipulated in Resolution n°. 28, of November 22, 2011, of the State Environmental Council of Tocantins (COEMA-TO - Conselho Estadual do Meio Ambiente do Tocantins), were used to convert the amount of charcoal produced in areas of planted forests originated from forest replenishment. Tocantins State presented a scenario of constant native charcoal production increase. The annual mean production was 546,071.3 mdc (meters of charcoal) from 2009 to 2013 and it decreased to 145,128 mdc from 2014 to 2016. The main destination was Minas Gerais State, which consumed 77.01% of its production from 2009 to 2016.

The objective was to evaluate the initial growth of strawberry under irrigation with saline water in a soil with and without biofertilizer. The experiment was conducted in a protected environment at the Experimental Station, Agrarian Sciences of the Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, during the period of September and October of 2016. The experimental design was a completely randomized following the 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with five replications. The first treatment was constituted by the levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water, being: 0.5 dS m-1; 1.0 dS m-1; 1.5 dS m-1; 2.0 dS m-1 e 2.5 dS m-1, and the second treatment comprised two conditions: with and without biofertilizer. The following variables were evaluated: number of leaves, root length, shoot dry matter, root and total and electrical conductivity. Irrigation water salinity affected the number of leaves, leaf area, root length, shoot, root and total dry mass, but with lower intensity in soil with bovine biofertilizer, demonstrating that the input attenuates the effects of salinity on strawberry growth.

The aim of this work was evaluate different aseptic methods in the physiological quality and sanity of Phaseolus vulgaris L. seeds. Seed samples inoculated with fungi Aspergillus sp. and another with Penicillium sp., were submitted to the treatments: control with and without inoculation of fungi, ultraviolet (UV-C) radiation for 1, 3 and 5 min; 70% ethyl alcohol for 1 and 2 min; sodium hypochlorite 2% NaClO for 3 min with addition of acetic acid; 2% NaClO for 3 min; 1% peracetic acid for 3 and 6 min; thermotherapy at 60 and 70 ° C for 5 min and wet at 60 and 70 ° C for 30 min. Germination, germination speed index, seedling growth, fresh and dry matter of seedlings and seed health were evaluated. In the sanity test, the treatments that best controlled the fungi Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. were 70% ethyl alcohol for 1 and 2 min, NaClO 2% with and without acetic acid and the thermotherapy at 60 and 70 °C for 30 min. The humid thermotherapy at 60 and 70 °C was efficient in the control of fungi, however, they caused mortality of 100 and 70% for seeds inoculated with Aspergillus sp. and 96.5 and 98.5% for seeds inoculated with Penicillium sp., respectively. The inoculation of fungi directly affected germination and vigor. Therefore, the treatments with ethyl alcohol and NaClO were the most efficient in the treatment of the seeds promoting inhibition of the fungi without compromising the physiological quality of the seeds.

This research contribute to the taxonomic knowledge of the Leguminosae in the Cerrado of Maranhão Northeast of Brazil. The collection and herborization of the sample were realized according to the usual methodology for the family in study. Leguminosae is represented by 50 species, 29 genera, distributed in four subfamilies: Papilionoideae (22 spp.), Caesalpinioideae (20 spp.), Cercidoideae (6 spp.) and Detarioideae (2 spp.). Mimosa L. was the genus that presented the highest richness (8 spp.). The life-form shrub (19 spp.) was the most diverse, while the gallery rainforest was the phytophysiognomy most diverse (24 spp.). Thus, the identification key was created for the subfamilies, general descriptions and material examined for each species.

The objective of this research was to evaluate the agronomic performance of coriander and the chemical characteristics of the soil under different organic fertilizations with crab residue. For the agronomic performance, the height, green and dry mass of the plants were collected. In the chemical analysis were determined the pH and the concentrations of 〖Ca〗^(2+), 〖〖Ca〗^(2+)+Mg〗^(2+), 〖Al〗^(3+),〖Na〗^+, Potential Acidity (H^++〖Al〗^(3+)), Organic Matter (O.M), Nitrogen (N) e Potassium (P). The treatments fertilized with the organic compounds that had gliricidia, dry leaves and 5% of crab residues had better agronomic performance. Regarding the chemical characteristics, the Hierarchical Grouping Analysis (AAH) allowed to identify the formation of three groups, which were united according to the amount of crab residues present in the treatments. And with the Principal Component Analysis (PCA) it was possible to identify that the addition of residues of the crab-uçá contributed to the increase the levels of 〖Ca〗^(2+), 〖〖Ca〗^(2+)+Mg〗^(2+),〖Na〗^+ and alkaline pH, and in the absence of 〖Al〗^(3+) and Potential Acidity (H^++〖Al〗^(3+)) in the soil.

The climatic conditions of the semiarid region of the northeast, characterized by the deficiency of rainfall, give irrigation a fundamental importance as one of the instruments to enable the viability of more agriculture Productive and with lower risk. Given the panorama of water scarcity, this paper aims to propose the development of soursop seedlings from the utilization of air conditioning and agroindustrial effluent. The research was developed in the seedling production sector located at the Federal Institute of Paraíba, Campus Sousa. A completely randomized block design was used, with five treatments and four replications. The treatments resulted from the following combinations: T1 = 100% Artesian Well, T2 = 100% air conditioning, T3 = combination 50% air conditioning + 50% Artesian Well, T4 = combination 50% agroindustrial effluent + 50% air conditioning and T5 = 100% agroindustrial effluent. Soursop seedlings were produced in plastic bags using Neossol Fluvic and manure in proportion (2:1) as substrate. The following variables were evaluated: plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, green and dry mass of aerial part and root and influence on soil attributes (PH, P, K, Na, Ca, Mg, MO, PST). After the study, it was verified that the use of air-conditioning water is a good alternative as a source of irrigation for the seedlings of Gravioleira, while the water of agroindustrial effluent was not adequate for this purpose, since it influenced Negatively in most of the variables analyzed.

The cotton is attacked per sucking pests, which have been controlled with chemical insecticides, causing problems to the applicator's health and pollution of the environment, but the use of botanicals such as neem has been studied in recent years. The effect of the application interval of the insecticide Azamax® was evaluated on sucking pests and their natural enemies. The study was conducted at the Embrapa Cotton in Barbalha-CE, in period of June to September of 2015. The Azamax® was applied in two application intervals (seven and 15 days), in total coverage of the plants with manual costal spray with conical nozzle. The samplings were carried out weekly in 40 plants per parcel from 13 to 90 days after the plant emergence. The aphids, thrips and cochineal were sampled in the pointers of the plants, the whitefly in the leaf of the 5th node and the red mite in the middle part, while the natural enemies, in the places where the pests were sampled. The Azamax® applied at the seven and 15 days reduces the rate of infestation of the aphid Aphis gossypii, even as, the whitefly Bemisia tabaci biotype B and the cochineal Planococcus minor, having no effect on the red mite, for both periods of application. No effect of Azamax® was observed on natural enemies population of cotton sucking pests.

The Landless Movement (MST) emerged as a way to fight for land and land reform, as well as to promote sustainable development. The United Nations (UN), for its part, has been working on 17 goals for sustainable development. Through a case study, we sought to understand how land reform can promote sustainable rural development in the Valmir Mota de Oliveira Settlement, in the city of Cascavel in western Paraná. It was found that the Settlement studied develops various sustainability practices, meeting 8 of the 17 goals of sustainable development proposed by the UN.

Environmental licensing can be considered a management tool for organizations, which must be carried out according to norms and principles in order to make it a tool capable of monitoring whether the property is in compliance with the current environmental legislation. It must be performed at appropriate intervals and carefully analyzed to intensify the objectives, always seeking improvements of the productive processes in order to minimize environmental damage. Thus, this article aims to analyze the importance of environmental licensing for sustainable rural development. The method used for this study was the bibliographical research, where several bibliographic sources will be used, to give theoretical foundation to the research. Thus, the article will demonstrate the phases of environmental licensing as well as the themes related to sustainable rural development, in order to identify how environmental licensing has a great relation with sustainability, since it conditions limits and restrictions for the development of potentially polluting activities that, in practice, take into account and is based on the importance of not attacking the environment.