Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Family farming is not a homogeneous block of farmers, as it is composed of different profiles of farmers, depending on the size of the property, access to technology, profitability, capitalization, among others. It can be classified into Subsistence (AFS), Transition (AFT), and Consolidated (AFC) Family Farming. Given other studies that analyze sustainability in AFS, this study aims to evaluate the Sustainable Rural Development (DRS) in AFC, having as a sample award-winning farmers in the municipality of Marechal Cândido Rondon, Parana. These producers were found to have good DRS indicators and the indicators: technical assistance, profitability, family succession and dependence on resources from other activities were discrepant from the results of studies with AFS.

The objective of this work was to evaluate the microbiological quality of samples of sugarcane broth marketed in a fair in the State of Alagoas. Seven samples of informally traded sugarcane broth were collected at intervals of fifteen days and taken to the laboratory for analysis. The aseptically collected samples were diluted in 0.1% peptone saline solution, where 25 mL of each sample was diluted in 225 mL of this solution and inoculated into test tubes containing Lauryl Sulfate Triptose (LST) medium and an inverted Durham tube for the Presumptive tests and, subsequently, samples that formed gas were transferred to tubes containing EC medium and Brilliant Green for tests of total and thermotolerant coliforms, respectively. Yeasts were analyzed by means of inoculation in PDA medium and microscopic visualization. The detection of protozoa was done through traps made in PVC tube in Agar-water medium. The soil was analyzed by means of filtration and microscopic observation. All samples had total and thermotolerant coliforms with a maximum count of >2400 MPN/mL. The yeast count showed 8x10-6 UFC. Of the total of 21 samples, only two in the first collection showed protozoa. None of the samples showed dirt.

Food production is being widely discussed worldwide, both in terms of increasing productivity to meet the needs of the growing population and also in terms of the quality of these foods. Small farms are responsible for producing for the majority of the population and for their own family subsistence. The objective of this study was to reveal the importance of Technical Assistance and Rural Extension (ATER) actions for small farmers to remain in the countryside, due to their role in food production and job creation. The study was carried out in the municipality of São Bento do Una/Pernambuco, which receives technical assistance from the Agronomic Institute of Pernambuco (IPA). Interviews with semi-structured script were carried out with family farmers and IPA technicians, in addition to direct observations covering qualitative and quantitative data. There was a need for greater government attention, with more public policies so that services, projects and programs can be better developed. In this sense, family farmers need more effective ATER actions that bring better working and development conditions to the rural areas of the municipality.

The Caatinga ecoregion has a great diversity of species with exploitation potential. Among them, colubrina (Colubrina glandulosa Perkins) stands out for its importance in logging and forestry activities. Its seeds have low, slow and uneven germination. Knowing that the use of the tetrazolium test to estimate viability becomes essential when rapid response on seed quality is desired, this study aimed to establish the best tetrazolium solution concentration and staining period to evaluate the viability of Colubrina glandulosa seeds. Initially, the seeds were previously moistened between sheets of paper for five hours at 30 ºC. Subsequently, the portion of the cotyledon containing the embryo was immersed in four tetrazolium solution concentrations (0.075, 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0%) and three staining periods (2, 4, and 6 hours) in the dark. under the temperature of 30 ºC. The percentage of viable seeds was compared with the results obtained in the germination test performed on the paper substrate at 30 ºC in four replications of 25 seeds. The tetrazolium test was efficient to estimate the viability of C. glandulosa seeds, and the concentration of 0.075% for four hours at 30 ºC was the best condition.

The Caatinga biome predominates in much of the northeastern region of the country, comprising about 48% of the state of Alagoas, extending through the municipality of Delmiro Gouveia. Caatinga is currently undergoing a process of suppression due to agricultural expansion, fires in the area, logging for commercial purposes and natural phenomena. Thus, the present work aimed to analyze in a multitemporal way the changes in the Caatinga vegetation over 33 years. For this research, we used the Qgis software and data from the Mapbiomas 4 collection in order to understand Caatinga dynamics. From the results, it was found that there were changes over the analyzed time, indicating a deforestation of 71.52 km², which is equivalent to 27% of the area. However, we observe a regeneration process after a long period of deforestation and desertification of the biome. For the area to accelerate the recovery process, further studies of remote sensing are necessary, together with new analyzes of the landsat satellite, as well as more inspection by the responsible agencies.

The drying applied to pumpkin seeds, increases the shelf life of the product and consequently facilitates its marketing. The objective of this study was to perform the drying kinetics of shelled pumpkin seeds at different drying air temperatures, adjusting the experimental data obtained to empirical mathematical models and to evaluate the influence of drying on their dimensions. Drying kinetics of peeled pumpkin seeds were performed at different drying air temperatures (50, 70 and 90 °C), adjusting the experimental data obtained to the empirical mathematical models of Handerson and Pabis, Lewis and Page. Seed size was analyzed for length, width and thickness using a digital caliper. Regarding the applied mathematical models, the Page model was considered to be more efficient in describing the drying process of shelled pumpkin seeds. It was found that the seed dimensions were directly influenced by the increase of the drying temperature. Therefore, increasing the temperature of the applied drying air provided greater moisture removal from the product and its size data can be used to size the size of sieves and postharvest equipment.

Among the leafy vegetables, lettuce is one of the most consumed in Brazil, being recommended the use of cultivars adapted to different climatic conditions. Therefore, this work had the objective to select lettuce genotypes of smooth leaves and tolerant to the early flowering. The experiment was carried out in the city of Itabaiana, State of Sergipe in experimental design of randomized blocks with three replications. Twelve genotypes were evaluated for fresh and dry weight of shoot, fresh and dry mass of root, mass and number of commercial and non-commercial leaves, head diameter and stem length. The genotype AFX005B-121-02, which has smooth leaves and is bolting tolerant, presented better agronomical and commercial performance, being promising for cultivation conditions in the Agreste region.

The goal of this study was the isolation and biochemical characterization of psychotrophic microbiota, evaluating its deteriorating potential on refrigerated raw milk stored in both individual and collective expansion tanks located in farms from Agreste and Sertão regions of Alagoas State. Milk samples from 23 (individual) and 13 (collective) tanks were analyzed, and the presence of psychotropic bacteria was diagnosed in both types of refrigeration tanks, totalizing 105 bacterial isolates. There was a predominance of gram-negative psychotropic bacteria 78,09% (82/105) from genus Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Aeromonas, Burkholderia, Acinetobacter e Shigella, whereas gram-positive bacteria represented 21,90% (23/105) of total isolates, from genus Streptococcus, Corynebacterium, Enterococcus, Micrococcus and Bacillus. In general, Pseudomonas was the most prevalent genus isolated 43,81% (46/82). The majority of bacterial isolates had high extracellular enzymes production – protease, lipase and/or lecithinase, which evidenced elevate deteriorating potential for milk and its derivatives. There was no significant difference on enzymatic production among isolates or between individual and collective tanks, as well as no dependency between total number of enzymatic producer bacterial isolates and tank type.

Incorporation of high carbon/nitrogen material, from sugarcane harvested without burn, and new sugarcane cultivars, recomended in the last years, may lead to higher recommendations for nitrogen fertilization. As nitrogen fertilization plays an important role in greenhouse gas emissions, one way to reduce these emissions can be the partial replacement of fertilizers with legumes rotating, with sugarcane. The objective of this work is to establish the recommendation of nitrogen fertilization for sugarcane harvested without burn, and cultivated in rotation with Crotalaria spectabilis. The evaluated treatments are: sugarcane varieties (RB 92579 and RB 867515), rotation with Crotalaria spectabilis, and N rates (0 and 60 kg ha-1 for first cicle and, in two subsequent rattons, 0, 60, 120 and 180. kg N ha-1). The response of sugarcane to Crotalaria rotation and application of 60 kg of N ha-1 is significant, indicating that sugarcane responds only to N fertilizer in the absence of legume. Nitrogen from fertilization results in quadratic response of sugarcane ratoons yield, setting recommended doses of 124 to 146 kg ha-1 of N for high yield materials.

This work aimed to carry out a survey and classification about the uses and land cover in the territory of the fishing community of the São Pedro village in Jaramataia, Alagoas, using geoprocessing as a support. For this, the LANDSAT 8 image, scene 215/067, was used, which was processed using unsupervised and supervised algorithms using the Envi 5.3 software. For the unsupervised classification, the interpolation generated 7 classes that presented several data conflicts. For the supervised, eight classes were identified and characterized: steppe wooded savannas, secondary steppe savannas, seasonal wooded steppe, temporary crop or pasture, permanent crop, exposed soil, urban area and water bodies with emphasis on artisanal fishing. With that, it was observed that the area has a high degree of anthropization and the relevant patch of native vegetation is concentrated in the most accentuated elevation levels of the difficult to access relief. This study opens the possibility for the management of the territory based on the appropriation of information from the areas of use and coverage and the generation of public policies that promote local development based on sustainable actions.