Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The negotiations of a new NAFTA have focused attention on the Mexican auto industry. With increasing participation in the region’s markets, jobs, and portfolio investment and, as 90 percent of the U.S. trade deficit vis-à-vis Mexico, this industry is key for formulating a new NAFTA. President Trump has targeted it for criticism, considering it the best example of a treaty that has been bad for his country. That is why it is appropriate to look now at new explanations for the basis for the Mexican auto industry’s competitive advantages. This study is based on theories of business and investment cycles and concepts of market and institutional anchoring to evaluate the conditions for auto industry competitiveness under NAFTA. It argues that the sector has operated under political conditions of social dumping, basing its position in regional and global markets on illegitimate sources of comparative advantage. Key words: NAFTA, auto industry, social dumping, renegotiations, work and wages The negotiations of a new NAFTA have focused attention on the Mexican auto industry. With increasing participation in the region’s markets, jobs, and portfolio investment and, as 90 percent of the U.S. trade deficit vis-à-vis Mexico, this industry is key for formulating a new NAFTA. President Trump has targeted it for criticism, considering it the best example of a treaty that has been bad for his country. That is why it is appropriate to look now at new explanations for the basis for the Mexican auto industry’s competitive advantages. This study is based on theories of business and investment cycles and concepts of market and institutional anchoring to evaluate the conditions for auto industry competitiveness under NAFTA. It argues that the sector has operated under political conditions of social dumping, basing its position in regional and global markets on illegitimate sources of comparative advantage. Key words: NAFTA, auto industry, social dumping, renegotiations, work and wages negocios e inversiones y en conceptos de anclaje de mercado e institucional para evaluar las condiciones de competitividad de la IAM bajo el TLCAN. Su propuesta es que la IAM ha funcionado bajo políticas de dumping social, por lo que su posición en los mercados regionales y globales se basa en fuentes no legítimas de ventaja comparativa.

Using a qualitative methodology that includes interviews with 15 women from Mexico and Cen-tral America, the main aim of this article is to compare the situation of migrant women who have been prostituted in Nevada in closed venues through agencies and those who did so without in-termediaries. The authors conclude that the women who were transported by sex trafficking net-works cannot leave the bosses, to whom they have become indebted. Paradoxically, those who entered into prostitution autonomously felt empowered by their work, since it allowed them to dedicate more time to caring for their bodies, and they earned more than at other activities. Also, although the former entered into the sex trade as minors, the latter did so when they were older. Key words: prostitution, migrant women, violence, adult entertainment agencies, Nevada.

 This article examines presidential election processes in the state of Florida. A set of criteria is proposed for the definition of its swing state condition whereby it can be observed that Florida is in compliance since the early 1990s. The electoral impact of Florida is considered in light of the growth of its electoral college and its transformation into a swing state is interpreted as a state-level expression of the political realignment that followed the transition period of the 1970s and the 1980s. An ongoing trend of changes in the composition of Hispanic communities is also observed, as well as variations in their electoral behaviors. Within the frame of a national transition process, the registered trends and data indicate the existence of suitable conditions for a new political realignment in Florida as part of a nationwide realignment. The emerging configuration of the political system in this state is undetermined. 

This article looks at political documentary-making in North America in the early twenty-first century. U.S. American Michael Moore; Canadians Jennifer Abbot, Mark Achbar, and Joel Bakan, the directors of The Corporation (2003); and Mexican Carlos Mendoza, who heads up Canal 6 de Julio (television Channel July 6) all make critical documentaries questioning political systems and their effects. To understand the role of the documentary historically, the author looks at film theory and the headway made by video-activism. Her contribution consists of explaining the characteristics of certain historical processes of political denunciation and contemporary production of documentary cinema. Key words: political documentary, denunciation, 

This paper analyzes the school insertion of American born minors of Mexican origin in the state of Oaxaca. This is one of the Mexican states which is most affected by the return of Mexican migrants due to the tightening of the Trump administration's immigration policy. The results presented in this study have been obtained through a qualitative methodology in which the techniques of participant and non-participant observation, interviews, discussion groups and documentary analysis have been used. The target population is made up of American students between twelve and seventeen years old, enrolled in middle schools and in higher secondary schools. The findings show the presence of different elements of exclusion -such as the absence of diagnostic tests and programs for teaching Spanish and for leveling study content learning. The above causes that these children go through differentiated school trajectories due to their immigration status, which causes social and educational exclusion, and has important consequences for their present and future life.

Liberal internationalism had historically been the juncture from which the U.S. defined its international policy. It is a space in which multilateralism and international institutions, such as the U.N. –created by Washington and its allies in the second postwar period—, intended to achieve economic, political and social arrangements that give certainty and balance to global governance, while also limiting the threats to world peace that the actions of the Soviet bloc posed for the West. My argument here is that during the presidency of Trump this tacit agreement was outdone and the US foreign policy lost its way. Not only because of the turmoil caused by his wrecked and provocative narrative among both allies and opponents, but also because he deranged the chessboard pieces that the US had traditionally played in foreign policy, including the diplomatic advances that Obama, for good or ill, had achieved in Middle East, Cuba, Europe and Asia. In relation to the domestic democratic crisis surrounding his anomalous election, it is also argued that Trump takes away from the principle of hegemony –formerly preserved with utmost care by Washington— its "liberal" character.

Since the end of the crisis, the world of export credits has experienced a series of changes characterised by greater flexibility of the requirements applied by some export credit agencies (ECA), particularly Asian ones, resulting in increased competition and aggressiveness in the financial conditions granted with government support, to the benefit of our trade competitors. The Spanish system of official liquidity in the markets, the need has arisen to adapt the currently existing system in order to enhance the competitiveness of the available instruments so that Spanish companies can continue to compete on equal terms with their foreign counterparts. The purpose of this article is to briefly describe the changes that have taken place in recent years and their impact on official Spanish government financial support instruments, with particular regard to the Corporate Internationalisation Fund (FIEM) and the government funded export credit insurance operated by the Spanish Export Credit Insurance Company (CESCE).

The digitalisation of marketing is addressed through the new knowledge transfer analog models offered by science and technology; we are witnessing a coexistence between the digital and the analog, which mutually complement and support each other, engaging in a dialogue. Thus, digital knowledge serves to innovate the conceptual framework of marketing (4Ps) through analog knowledge transfer models, creating a virtuous circle which, after digitalising marketing, enables its subsequent application to the marketing of new or improved products and services from the digital or the traditional industry.

Reseña

Las economías desarrolladas están sujetas a regulación. Esta tiene como objetivo mitigar los fallos de mercado y los costes de transacción, pero si no está bien diseñada, podría tener impactos negativos en la eficiencia. Uno de los motivos de ineficiencia es que su mera utilización resulte «compleja» para los agentes económicos. Este artículo hace referencia, por tanto, a la «forma» y no al contenido de la regulación. Así, se repasan las técnicas modernas desarrolladas para medir la complejidad (que se relaciona con la cantidad y ambigüedad de la normativa). La producción normativa española se habría multiplicado por cuatro desde 1978.