Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This study examines Argentina's international insertion during the government of Néstor Kirchner (2003-2007), focusing on the redefinition of state relations through the concept of "strategic alliances." It is based on the premise that, although Argentina sought to consolidate significant bilateral relationships with the United States, China, Russia, and Brazil, none of these fully met the criteria of a strategic alliance according to the theoretical framework proposed by M. E. Lorenzini (2010). The study revises and refines this key concept and subsequently analyzes Argentina's bilateral relations with the aforementioned powers within this conceptual framework to determine whether any of these relationships fulfilled the requirements to be considered a strategic alliance in the strictest sense of the term.

Humanity is going through a decisive moment. Atmospheric greenhouse gas concentrations keep increasing, leading to new temperature records. The article focuses on climate change and the development model, interrelation intersected by both, financing and institutions. Both decarbonization and the energy transition require significant funds. It is the financial market that, ultimately, enables (or blocks) transformation. Such a situation highlights the importance of moving towards a new vision of finance, one that contemplates the financing of the new set of investments that prevent the limits of the planet from being crossed. The above also highlights the need for new laws and rules—a regulatory change that supports the process of productive transformation while managing to redirect funds for this purpose

Reseña

The deterioration of international norms that regulate and restrict the exercise of military power is a phenomenon that has intensified in recent decades. This is evidenced by the increase in military interventions by great powers since the end of World War II. The objective of this article is to explore how this normative degradation impacts in Argentina's national defense challenges. Specifically, considering that the South American country has 25% of its territory under military occupation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. This work is an analytical-descriptive study, it establishes a conceptual framework specific to the discipline of International Relations and then analyses the empirical scenario. Then, it seeks to interpret the consequences of this scenario for Argentina in terms of national defense. Conceptually, the article begins with the debates associated with the construction of the international order, placing special emphasis on those that are constitutional and characterized by obedience to international norms. The article concludes that the current international scenario intensifies the defensive and revisionist challenges facing Argentina's defense policy.  

This article analyzes the foreign policy of Argentine President Javier Milei from December 10, 2023, to June 30, 2025, specifically in relation to the Malvinas Question. For the purposes of this work, this will be understood as the sovereignty dispute between the United Kingdom and the Argentine Republic over the South Atlantic Islands, the surrounding maritime spaces, and Antarctica. To this end, we draw on the theoretical tools of public policy and international relations theories and argue that the belief system of Argentine decision-makers and the cognitive dissonance regarding the international scenario and the territorial conflict have influenced the Argentine government's decision-making. To this end, we analyzed documents, speeches, and interviews with the Argentine president and his foreign ministers, as well as interviews with diplomatic officials and bureaucrats from the Foreign Ministry and the Ministry of Defense. The article concludes that Javier Milei's government is an example of the ideologically driven foreign policies of the Alt-Right and that this ideological vision has shaped political guidelines regarding the Malvinas Question.

El corrimiento de facto del eje de poder mundial de Occidente a Oriente que acelera el proceso de transición en el orden internacional en el Siglo XXI abre las puertas a un escenario en el cual las potencias tradicionales y nuevas (emergentes y re-emergentes) así como los estados de la periferia deberán confirmar, modificar o ajustar su alineamiento. De este modo, el sendero por el cual discurren los acontecimientos internacionales es incierto y este rasgo se traspola directamente al escenario de Seguridad Internacional. La complejidad de los conflictos armados así como la carrera de las potencias por los espacios vacíos y la colisión de sus intereses estratégicos en diversos escenarios impactan en la capa tectónica de las Relaciones Internacionales que parecía afianzada luego del fin de la Guerra Fría. De hecho, como sostiene Kobayashi, la crisis de la gobernanza global se confirma como campo de lucha por la legitimidad donde los principales actores proponen y promueven sus visiones sobre el mejor modo de gobernar el mundo.

This study aims to evaluate the polyphenol content and antioxidant activity of Pleurotus ostreatus grown in different agroindustrial wastes (wheat straw partially replaced with spent coffee grounds and potato peel) and its potential as an additive to increase the oxidative stability of a meat product subjected to thermal-treatment and in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. The bioactive compounds were obtained from the dried mushroom powder by ultrasound, using water as an extraction solvent. The extract was subjected to evaluation of polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. In addition, pork meat homogenates were antioxidant treated (mushroom extract and synthetic antioxidant), stored (65 °C for 120 min), and subjected to in vitro gastrointestinal digestion for oxidative stability evaluation. Results demonstrated that the type of substrate used to produce P. ostreatus affects (p < 0.05) the polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. In addition, the incorporation of the aqueous extract of P. ostreatus cultivated with agroindustrial waste reduced (p < 0.05) changes in the pH values, lipid oxidation, and color of meat samples. While, the presence of phenolic compounds (tannins, phenols, flavonoids, and chlorogenic acid) and the antioxidant activity (antiradical activity and reducing power) increased (p < 0.05) in the meat samples during in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. P. ostreatus can be considered a novel additive for the meat industry.

Hylocereus undatus, commonly known as dragon fruit or pitahaya, is a species of climbing cactus belonging to the Cactaceae family. This cultivar has gained worldwide popularity due to its striking appearance, sweet and exotic flavor. Furthermore, antioxidant, vitamin, and mineral content makes it a valuable crop of great economic importance in various tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Therefore, the aim of this research was to evaluate different protocols for seed disinfection and in vitro propagation of Hylocereus undatus. Seeds were extracted from ripe fruits and disinfected with 50 % (v/v) NaClO and 70 % (v/v) ethanol, with varying immersion times. For germination, the disinfected seeds were planted in 50 % Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 30 g/L of sucrose and 2.5 g/L of phytagel. Stem, hypocotyl, and cotyledon explants were subsequentlyused for shoot induction, along with growth regulators suchas naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), benzylaminopurine (BAP),and 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) at concentrations of 0 and 2 mg/L. In the disinfection phase, the results showed that protocol 2, which used 50 % (v/v) NaClO for 10 minutes of immersion, induced 100 % disinfection and 85 % germination. For shoot induction, treatments supplemented with naphthaleneacetic acid and benzylaminopurine were observed to induce shoot formation in stem explants. The highest number of shoots (15.11) was obtained with 2 mg/L of BAP. Finally, in vitro plant acclimation to greenhouse conditions resulted in a 90 % survival rate using peat moss and perlite as substrates. These findings highlight the effectiveness of the protocol designed for the in vitro propagation of Hylocereus undatus, potentially contributing to commercial production.

Raw cow's milk is used to produce artisanal products in Mexico, even though its safety has been questioned due to the absence of pasteurization. The objective was to determine the microbiological quality of raw milk and to evaluate domestic techniques for microbiological control without affecting the protein content. Twenty-eight raw milk samples were collected to determine the presence of Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella. In addition, pasteurized milk samples were inoculated (L. monocytogenes) and microbial control treatments were evaluated: refrigeration (5±1 °C for 21 days), heating and microwave (950 W for 65, 55, 45 s). In parallel, protein quality was evaluated by the Kjeldahl method. S. aureus was detected in 93% of the samples (5.0 to 9.0x1010 CFU/mL). The presence of the other bacteria was discarded. Treatments impacted the presence of L. monocytogenes and protein content (P<0.05). Microwave conditions were efficient treatments for the elimination of L. monocytogenes and the preservation of milk protein content. Likewise, heating favors pathogen control, but impairs protein quality. Whereas, refrigeration controls microbial growth. Microwaving is a quick alternative to ensure milk quality.

Currently, different alternatives have been proposed to take advantage of and valorize agricultural industry residues, among which is anaerobic digestion, which allows the generation of digestates of liquid (bioslurry) and solid (biosol) composition. Bioslurry is also considered a plant nutrition supplement and soil enhancer. Therefore, the objective of this study was to chemically characterize a bioslurry obtained from the anaerobic digestion of tomato crop residues and bovine manure using thin-plate chromatography and GC-MS, as well as to evaluate its effect on tomato crops using concentrations of 5 % and 10 % applied foliarly and in drench. It was identified that bioslurry contained a high concentration of gibberellins (432.03 µg/mL) and the presence of alkaloids and saponins. Methyl silicate, lauric acid and D-limonene were also found in its composition. Application of bioslurry at both 5 % and 10 % levels favored plant growth compared to controls.