Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

In Costa Rica, before 2016 the subject of statistics was not included in the national high school tests in Mathematics. As of 2016, the test, consisting of 60 items, includes 9 statistical items. On the other hand, teachers in their lessons usually use traditional expository methods, mediated by the use of a blackboard and printed materials. In this context, a need to create and implement new teaching techniques in this area was evident, for which a Multimedia Instructional Unit in Statistics was developed and applied through the eXeLearning technological tool. The instructional unit was applied to a group of 30 students belonging to the high school diploma for adults program from the region of Turrialba in Costa Rica. We used a qualitative, interpretive and naturalistic method based on the generation of analysis categories. It was determined that a simple way to show the information and the inclusion of review activities, exemplification, practice and evaluation activities, is desired and well valued by the students. In addition, it was observed that the technological means promoted student interest and motivation, while facilitating the monitoring of the proposed activities and the automatic generation of progress and evaluation reports. It was concluded that the Multimedia Instructional Unit is a didactic complement to the work of the teacher of mathematics, especially in distance education since it allowed self-taught management of the student and achieved their attention and motivation.

The present article is a topic´s revision and it pretends to give a general vision of the recollected data about the use of interactive digital boards in the sessions of teaching-learning process´ development that takes as a determinant factor the teacher´s motivation. It has been made an examination of the available literature online to elaborate an analysis of the actual situation of this innovating didactic tool and its relation with the teacher´s predisposition, as part of the final project for the Academic Investigation subject in the Technological University of Peru. After the investigation, it concluded, until the edition’s date, there are no enough researches that center their attention in the teacher´s attitude, especially in Peru, so it can´t be determined if there is a direct relation between these aspects and it´s recommended to develop projects that gives relevance to the educator in the efficient use of the technology with the purpose of achieve a qualified education that is adapted to the emergent information society´s standards.

Cognitive biases are unreasonable ways of making decisions, often in a one-sided way. The objective of this research was to describe the level of representativeness and confirmation biases in Chilean psychology students, in order to know how this phenomenon occurs. The participants were 198 psychology students from three universities in southern Chile. The instrument was based on two cognitive tasks derived from Kanheman and Tversky. The data were analyzed through descriptive statistics and mean differences. The results indicate a high level of biases in the groups of students, in the two tasks evaluated; the representativeness bias presents differences among universities only in sub-task 1, as well as in task 2, related to confirmation bias. Likewise, there are differences in representation bias according to age and sex. The need to strengthen reasoning skills in the initial training of future psychologists, in order to improve skills related to decision making in the professional field is concluded.

Este artículo se propone analizar, con la asistencia del Análisis del Discurso,las redes de sentido que se construyen alrededor del uso de nombres propiosgeográficos (topónimos) en relación con el nombre del producto (nombrede la marca del producto) y la construcción de la designación de origen enlos enunciados descriptivos de las etiquetas de vinos tintos para entender elproceso de fidelización del consumidor.  Esta orientación referencial delnombre propio como principio único de construcción del espacio diegéticoconstruiría en las etiquetas de vino la noción de designación de origen.

Los materiales didácticos constituyen una parte fundamental en los procesosde aprendizaje propuestos por sistemas de educación a distancia enmodalidad e-learning. Por ello, es necesario pensar y crear formas atractivas depresentar los contenidos, aprovechando las potencialidades y posibilidadesque las nuevas tecnologías ofrecen. En este sentido, nos preguntamos: ¿quéimportancia tiene el trabajo del diseñador multimedia en este proceso? ¿Québeneficios puede aportar el desarrollo de materiales interactivos frente acontenidos estáticos? ¿Cuáles son las últimas tecnologías recomendadas parala creación de estos materiales?

La evolución de la tecnología aplicada a los medios de comunicación ha determinadola adaptación de modelos producción de contenidos de formatos tradicionales a losnuevos medios. De esta manera, surgió lo que Henry Jenkins en su libro ConvergenceCulture (2008) denomina la convergencia de medios, la cual modifica distintas áreasinvolucradas en la comunicación. Así, el diseño de una identidad de marca en laactualidad implica la elaboración de una estrategia de diversificación del contenido,que debe poder adaptarse a todos los medios de comunicación disponibles. 

This research aims at contributing to the understanding of the contemporary “legitimate violence” phenomenon. For this, the paper presents the analysis of the fictional work BioShock Infinite through the philosophy of Hannah Arendt, considering the link between Law and art forms. The methodology employed is that of a bibliographic research, based on Gilbert Durand’s mythocritique, which aims at revealing the imagistic meanings behind art. It resulted in the advancement in understanding the symbology behind the name Columbia, the different forms of manifestation of tyranny and the role of the founding fathers as ancestors for American society. In addition, it resulted in a better perception of how the artistic work symbolizes the erosion of freedom in tyrannical regimes, of how propaganda is an essential tool for lying in politics, of how violence is the weapon of a government without authority, and of how the privileged citizens tolerate the oppression of the less favored people due to the banality of evil, depersonifying them. Finally, it culminates in the idea that necessity operates as one of the worst types of violence and that civil disobedience is the true form of legitimate violence.

This essay presents the pessimistic and skeptical view of justice by the Swiss author and playwright Friedrich Dürrenmatt (1921-1990). The analysis is made based on common aspects identified in his masterpiece The Visit (1956), and in another less known play, A Dangerous Game (1956). Firstly, the plays’ plots are described, compared and contrasted. For a methodological approach, seven “points of inflection” were constructed between the texts, exploring: a) the role, in the plot, of the visits; b) whether Dürrenmatt describes justice as it is, or its deviations; c) the importance of the form of the courts for the characters; d) the justice of the accusations; e) the power of the characters; f) the humor of the plays; and, finally, g) the depiction of death. The conclusion is that despite differences in plot, Dürrenmatt’s plays are an important testament to his disheartening view of institutions.

This paper has the purpose of assessing the role of narrativity in Ronald Dworkin’s theory of law. The research question is to know whether Dworkin’s theory of law can be considered a narrative theory of law. By narrative theory, we mean a theory that is based on a heuristic characterization of plots, narrative genres, characters etc. Dworkin introduces six theses in order to link literature and law, in his classic “How law is like literature”: (1) law, as a practice of identifying valid legal propositions, can be better understood when compared to the practice of literature (synechist methodology thesis); (2) the compression of the practice of law always involves a descriptive and valuative dimension (normative theory thesis); (3) every judgment about art presupposes a theory about what art is (aesthetical hypothesis); (4) every judgment about valid legal propositions presupposes the determination of what law is (political hypothesis); (5) the political hypothesis of law depends on understanding the intentionality of the political community (chain novel); and (6) The chain novel depends on understanding the institutional history of the political community (institutional history thesis). This paper’s conclusion is that Dworkin’s theory must be seen as a narrative theory, and that without such narrative aspect, his theory would simply be a legal naturalistic theory, since the purpose or value of the law would thus become absolute.

Francisco Campos analyzes the classic Don Quixote de la Mancha in his essay Atualidade de D. Quixote (Contemporaneity of D. Quixote), in order to trace the spiritual crisis of modern times and the feeling of despair currently lived by men. Three hallmark figures of literature are featured in Campos’ narrative: Hamlet, Faust, and D. Quixote. Hamlet and Faust represent the cowardly hesitation and the hermetic art and literature of liberal intellectuals, who are unable to communicate collective experiences to organize a social order of stability. This makes possible for Campos to state his strong criticism toward liberal institutions and ideas, in a Schmittian anti-liberal bias. It is necessary to recover the rationale of D. Quixote, who, with his amor fati (love for the common destiny), decides, as a statesman, to “transform thought into will and will into action”. It is an arduous civilizing task of making the masses a cohesive people, obedient, civilized and united in a common superior order (the National State), guided by Catholic values, and willing to fight against the enemy. It is only possible to save democracy from “cataclysm” if the call for the final Crusade is accepted. Hence the Contemporaneity of D. Quixote. This article intends to carry out an interpretive effort of the essay Contemporaneity of D. Quixote, in order to highlight some aspects of the anti-liberal political and constitutional thought by Campos.