Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: Thyroid cancer is the most common malignant tumor originating in endocrine organs (more than 92 %) and comprises a group of clinically, epidemiologically and prognostically different tumors.Objective: To characterize patients with thyroid cancer operated on at Freyre de Andrade General Clinical Surgical Hospital.Methods: A descriptive, retrospective and longitudinal study was carried out at Freyre de Andrade General Clinical Surgical Hospital in the period 2014-2019. The universe consisted of 32 patients operated on for thyroid cancer. Sociodemographic variables, Bethesda classification, histological diagnosis, used surgical technique and complications were analyzed.Results: Thyroid cancer predominated in women (87.5 %) between 51 and 60 years of age (25.0 %). According to the Bethesda classification, category VI prevailed (15.62 %). Papillary carcinoma predominated (65.62 %). All patients underwent total thyroidectomy, while the complications were postoperative hematoma (6.25 %) and granuloma (6.25 %).Conclusions: Thyroid cancer predominates in women between the fifth and sixth decades of life. The used surgical technique is total thyroidectomy, reporting low morbidity. The histological variant of papillary carcinoma predominates.

Introducción: La apendicitis aguda es una de las causas más comunes de abdomen agudo quirúrgico y dado que sigue siendo un reto diagnóstico, dispone de diversas escalas diagnósticas.Objetivo: Determinar la superioridad del nuevo score resultante frente al score de Alvarado en el diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda.Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de pruebas diagnósticas con el uso de la base de datos del Servicio de Cirugía del Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo, entre febrero y diciembre del año 2015. Con los datos extraídos se elaboró un nuevo score diagnóstico que fue evaluado con el informe histopatológico y luego comparado con el score de Alvarado para evaluar su aplicación. Se calculó la sensibilidad, especificidad y los valores predictivos de ambos scores.Resultados: Se incluyeron en el estudio 312 pacientes, 177 fueron hombres (56,73 %) y 135 mujeres (43,27 %), con edad media de 31 años (±11,3). Con un total de 267 (85,58 %) pacientes con apendicitis aguda confirmada por estudio histopatológico. El nuevo score clínico resultante de una regresión logística según la prueba de Wald, estuvo compuesto por 4 variables: sexo masculino, vómitos, automedicación previa y signo de Blumberg. Los resultados del área bajo la curva para el nuevo score clínico y el score de Alvarado fueron 0,711 y 0,707, respectivamente.Conclusiones: El nuevo score clínico es superior al score de Alvarado según el área bajo la curva, pero no en un valor significativo.

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Trichotillomania, trichophagia and trichobezoar are intertwined and interconnected conditions. These should be considered, especially in young women who often have an underlying psychiatric illness or social disorder and possibly a history difficult to get.Objective: To report a case of gastric trichobezoar due to its low incidence in our environment and worldwide.Clinical case report: We report the case of a 12-year-old female patient with a history of psychomotor retardation, with no prior follow-up or treatment, who came to consult with her mother, complaining of increased volume in the upper abdomen, of 5 years of evolution with malignant weight loss. Radiological studies reveal a gastric trichobezoar that is corroborated, associated with Rapunzel syndrome, in the exploratory laparotomy. The patient evolved satisfactorily and a multidisciplinary group assisted her.Conclusions: Gastric bezoars are rare entities. Diagnosis requires high level of suspicion together with radiographic and/or endoscopic studies. The treatment will be determined by the type of bezoar, size and consistency. The surgical option is the most used, requiring interdisciplinary follow-up to avoid recurrences.Keywords: trichotillomania; trichophagia; gastric trichobezoar; Rapunzel syndrome.

Introduction: In the reconstruction of nasal skin defects, several techniques have been used worldwide. Innovative practices use platelet concentrates for their modulating properties and favoring tissue regeneration.Objective: Determine the aesthetic results associated with the use of autologous fibrin rich in platelets and leukocytes, for the regeneration of post-surgical nasal skin defects.Methods: A quasi-experimental, longitudinal and prospective study was conducted in the Maxillofacial Surgery Service of “Arnaldo Milián Castro” University Hospital in the city of Santa Clara, Villa Clara province, Cuba, from September 2015 to June 2019. An intentional, non-probabilistic sampling of 31 patients was carried out. From a blood donation from the patient, a fibrin membrane rich in platelets and leukocytes was obtained, which was sutured in the post-surgical nasal defect. Variables such as the aesthetic result were studied, evaluated on the basis of parameters such as elasticity, color, volume and surface.Results: The mean age was 62.71 ± 11.09 years and 61.29% of the sample corresponded to the male sex. A good aesthetic result was shown by 90.32% of the patients, which was significantly associated with the degree of epithelialization.Conclusions: A good aesthetic result was obtained in patients where the fibrin membrane rich in leukocytes and autologous platelets was used, regardless of the presence of diabetes mellitus and toxic habits. The aesthetic result was significantly associated with the degree of epithelialization and age.

Introduction: Maintaining quality of life is one of the most important results of care services. Several plans support the importance of measuring it in older adults.Objective: To assess oral health-related quality of life in members of a senior center in Lima, Peru.Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out in a population of 1800 older adults. The sample consisted of 184 participants. The oral health impact profile instrument (OHIP14sp) was used to measure quality of life in relation to oral health. Content validity was performed by a group of evaluators and the consistency of the questionnaire was evaluated with Cronbach's alpha test. The information was summarized in percentages and Fisher's and chi-square hypothesis tests were used to identify the relationship of quality of life with gender and age, and Poisson regression.Results: The quality of life of older adults was poor in 9.8%, good in 23.4%, and excellent in 66.8%. Women (71%) had a better quality of life than men (58%). It was observed that the younger the age, the better the quality of life. Most of the adults were able to perform their daily activities except for 7.1%. Oral health did not have a negative impact on the quality of life of older adults in terms of psychological discomfort, functional limitation and handicap, only 61%, 49% and 17%, respectively.Conclusions: The impact on oral health in Lima identified as excellent or regular the quality of life in relation to oral health of older adults attending the San Isidro Senior Center.

Introduction: To the WHO, education is an important strategy in the fight against HIV/AIDS. The Organization recommends that emphasis is made on the training of health professionals in the comprehensive management of the people affected with quality, ethics and dignity.Objective: Evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of dental students toward caring for people with HIV/AIDS.Methods: Of the total 588 dental students attending a Peruvian public university in the year 2018, a sample of 235 was selected by probabilistic sampling. A 30-item questionnaire was used to collect data about sociodemographic characteristics and level of knowledge, dividing the scores into Good (≥ 20), Fair (15-19) and Poor (< 15). Attitudes were measured on a 20-item scale, and the scores obtained were classified as Favorable (70-100), Indifferent (50-69) or Unfavorable (< 50). A pilot study conducted with 60 students obtained a K-R reliability grade of 0.87 for the knowledge questionnaire and a Cronbach's alpha of 0.89 for attitudes.Results: 57% (CI 95%: 50.7-63.4%) of the students showed a good level of knowledge (≥ 20 points), whereas the most common attitude was Indifferent in 79.6%. The knowledge score of students attending clinical courses was statistically higher than that of students in preclinical courses (p < 0.05). A significant linear relationship was found between attitude and knowledge scores (rho = 0.23; p < 0.001).Conclusions: The students obtained good knowledge scores, but attitudes toward the care of HIV/AIDS patients are indifferent. Knowledge and attitudes scores are linearly correlated. Attending clinical courses was associated to the level of knowledge, not to attitudes.

Introduction: Oral health-related quality of life is a relevant public health indicator. Therefore, its measurement should be performed with contextualized tools and appropriate metric techniques.Objective: Adapt and validate the tool Oral Health Impact Profile in the quality of life of a sample of Peruvian adults.Methods: An instrumental study was conducted of 415 adults from the province of Ica, Peru. The internal structure of the scale was evaluated by exploratory factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis was also performed, which included robust maximum likelihood estimation. The reliability of the tool was then tested, and a comparison was finally made of the impact of oral health on quality of life, according to characterization variables.Results: The version obtained consists of 14 items grouped into seven factors explaining 88.50% of the total variance and an acceptable fit, x2/gl = 3.72; NNFI = 0.98; CFI = 0.99; SRMR = 0.031; RMSEA = 0.081 (CI 90%: 0.070-0.093). Internal consistency of the overall scale exhibited a satisfactory index (α = 0.95), whereas the subscales showed values of α = 0.88-0.78, except for the dimension of psychological distress (α = 0.66). Discriminant validity was demonstrated by finding significant differences between sociodemographic variables and severity scores.Conclusions: The new version of the tool has acceptable metric properties. Therefore, it may be used in future research and validation studies.

Introduction: Single-increment resins allow a photoactivation of 4 to 5 mm deep, reducing the clinical time of application. However, factors such as shrinkage that may affect the marginal sealing of the restoration should be considered.Objective: Evaluate the effect of three polymerization sources on the marginal sealing of Class II restorations, carried out with three single-increment resin systems.Methods: An in vitro experimental study was conducted. The calculation of the number of study units was carried out with the EPIDAT software, for which the means of two previous studies were taken. Nine subgroups were made according to the restoration material and the polymerization source. Two Class II restorations were made on each tooth, which were carried out according to the manufacturer's instructions. The teeth were subjected to passive immersion in 1% methylene blue for 24h. The teeth were sectioned mesiodistally. Photographs were taken with a Canon camera and a 100mm macro lens. Marginal filtration was measured on a scale of 0 to 4. Data were analyzed with Kruskal-Wallis tests for group comparison. A significance level adjusted to 5% was established.Results: The resin with the lowest filtration level was Filtek Bulkfill, with 53.3% corresponding to scale 0, while the resin with the highest filtration was Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill with 76.7% (scale 4), similar to Sonicfill (70.0%).Conclusions: The different polymerization sources did not influence the level of filtration between the three single-increment resin systems. Filtek Bulkfill presented a better marginal seal when compared to SonicFill and Tetric N-Ceram Bulk Fill.

Introduction: The Scientific Student Societies are extracurricular learning communities that are based on research hotbeds as a strategy of formative research to promote the development of investigative competencies.Objective: To describe the practices and challenges of a Scientific Society of Dental Students.Methods: An ethnographic study was designed that followed the activities of the Society of Dental Students of the Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos (Lima, Peru) for a period of nine months in 2019. The techniques of participant observation and documentation were used. The categories studied were seedbed identity, practices carried out in the seedbed and challenges.Results: The Society of Dental Students was created in 2014; it is identified as a learning community where the student is provided with methodological and conceptual tools to develop their research skills. A president, advisers, and permanent committees lead it. His main practices are academic, scientific and of social projection. The students report that it has allowed them to experience how a research project was made, from its conception to its publication.Conclusions: It is concluded that the Scientific Society of Dental Students is a research hotbed with six years of experience and is identified as a place where the student learns elements and processes of research from the same investigative act; its main one is the formalization of the seedbed, since its foundation, the faculty and authorities have not recognized the seedbed as an institution.