Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Television series exert considerable influence on their consumers, especially as regards linguistic and identity stereotypes. This paper studies the phraseology in the fiction series La que se avecina, which is currently on air and has a large number of viewers. Apart from a theoretical framework, the concept of pragmatemes has been used, which refers to phraseological linguistic expressions, use of which is restricted by particular extralinguistic situations. The analysis of this effective and common element of communication through television series involves identifying the communication model currently utilised by the medium and its consumers’ behaviour. Methodologically, we have strived to look at the type of set phrases or  particular pragmatemes employed by different characters in the series which have entered the receivers’ colloquial speech. A Google online survey was posted on the social media platforms Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and WhatsApp to ensure that the results are anonymous, spontaneous and immediate. The results show that these linguistic elements have been established in Spanish society’s colloquial language.

The birth of the Internet and the new information and communication technologies have generated a new communicative paradigm. In fact, it has also generated a new advertising paradigm with multiple opportunities obtained through segmentation or the inclusion of algorithms in search engines or social networks for product promotion. Besides, there is the ability to measure the results achieved. In this regard, this research addresses the management of advertising algorithms executed in Facebook ADS and Google Adwords tools as a new online advertising model compared to traditional approaches. Therefore, a qualitative and quantitative methodology has been chosen to gather the information (using interviews and surveys) to deepen into the differences between the conventional advertising management and online advertising. Among the results obtained, we may advance that advertising has led to a new scenario where machine learning will condition the future of advertising with the help of big data and content programming.

Spanish version of reality show "Temptation Island" has emerged as a mass phenomenon among the young Spanish population. The aim of this research is to investigate the opinion of Spanish young people about the love relationships shown in reality dating shows, such as "Temptation Island", as well as to explore the degree to which they identify with or reject the love stories from these audiovisual formats. For this purpose, a guided interview was designed using telematic means to interview 123 young people (74.8% women, 25.2% men) between 18 and 26 years of age living in Spain. The results show that young people generally reject the models of love relationships shown on "Temptation Island". More than 98% demonstrate an unfavourable attitude towards the roles of the competing couples, with women positioning themselves as the most opposed. However, despite demonstrating a certain degree of demystification of the myth of jealousy due to love, identifying certain behaviours as "toxic" and sometimes even explicitly rejecting gender roles or romantic love, a discourse can be observed in the interviews which reinforces the myth of fidelity and associated gender stereotypes

This paper analyses the different stereotypes in advertising broadcast in April 2021 on Japanese television channels: TV Tokyo, TV Fuji, NHK, TV Asahi, and TBL. This object of study is motivated by the scarcity of works that deal with this type of material, since most of the research on stereotypes in relation to women has focused on graphic advertisements in magazines. A content analysis of 173 advertisements in 2002 and 237 female characters has been carried out. The results confirm the existence of six different stereotypes: traditional, submissive, transgressive, kawaii, kirei and lolita women. In addition, in contrast to the studies by Prieler, Kohlbacher, Hagiwara and Arima (2015), it is found that the different gender stereotypes are not related to the ages that are represented, but rather the attributes that it represents are linked. In the traditional woman, motherhood, love and family; weakness, submission and sadness, in the subjugated woman; transgression, modernity and triumph, in the transgressive woman; sexual attraction, pleasure and seduction, referring to the kawaii woman; maturity or innocence, in the case of the kirei woman, and in the stereotype of the lolita woman, which is inversely related to the sweetness attribute.

Over the last five years, fake news has become a global phenomenon impacting global information flows. It is reasonable to think that young people are exposed to fake news the most, given that it is mainly disseminated through social media, and they are the main users of these applications. This study analyses young people’s perception of fake news based on a representative sample of residents in Spain aged between 15 and 24 (n=1,068). We consider the frequency they receive fake news, the topics they refer to, the sources, and how they deal with them. We considered how socio-demographic factors such as gender, age, location, political ideology or educational level influence how they receive fake news. Among other findings, the results show that the higher the age and educational level, the higher the rates of verification and recognition of fake news. In addition, individuals living in large municipalities and those on the right of the ideological spectrum verify information less frequently and use less reliable sources than other young people.

This work analyses the acts of sexual violence in the miniseries I Can Destroy You (HBO, 2020) in order to find out how they are treated in fiction and to identify the main defining features of their representation from three main perspectives: the characters involved (aggressor and victim), the act of sexual violence committed and the consequences of this act for the victim. To this end, a methodology focused on content analysis is used and, based on an analysis sheet, the data is recorded and categorised for subsequent analysis and interpretation. The results obtained show that the representation of sexual violence is made from a feminist perspective, far from stereotypes that contribute to perpetuating the hegemonic male gaze, and that it has an informative vision that aims to educate the viewer's gaze in terms of consent and sexual freedom.

The covid-19 pandemic accelerated the media's efforts to survive in an unprecedented crisis. In this context, teleworking, despite having existed for decades, stood out as an efficient solution to sustain organisational processes. This exploratory study analyses the impact of teleworking and the introduction of hybrid formulas in two newspaper companies in the Spanish market (eldiario.es and Heraldo de Aragón), once the toughest stage of the pandemic was overcome. Through participant observation and in-depth interviews with experts and media professionals, we investigate whether the new teleworking formulas are innovative and if they could be adopted in the future. The results reveal that the impact of telework on news organisations has been decisive, especially to reshape the way in which ideas are shared and workflows are established. The adaptability of the case studies to the new organisational models has been found to be high; however, there are some factors limiting their full adoption. The hybrid telework model has brought unprecedented organisational change to many newsrooms and has accelerated digital transformation. However, there is still some uncertainty, because even in those newspapers that are committed to the model, implementation is still being developed.

This research examines the visual identity of the 72 leading financial institutions operating in Spain through an ad hoc analysis model of iconographic-symbolic content. For this purpose, an analysis sheet is designed and validated, with theoretical variables where each sample object responds to categories grouped by similarity and under formal criteria obtained from the study of all the literature related to the fundamental graphic elements - iconic, linguistic, and plastic sign - and their application to the virtual world. The results show that legibility and modernity are priorities in the majority of the sample corpus, with a typographic style without finials, simple strokes, capital, round and medium-thickness characters. In addition, the entities prefer other values apart from professionalism and stability, such as closeness or trust, making use in the compositions of a quality range of 2-3 color combinations in which the balance between cold and warm colors is appreciable. For the sake of responsive web design, financial institutions are inclined to stay on the sidelines and not do without any elements in their visual identities, leading the way in the use of logotypes.

Journalism and technology have always gone hand in hand, but the growth of technological progress and the resulting fascination have led to a lack of critical perspective. This study combines quantitative and qualitative methodologies to shed light on this intersection, with innovation at its core. First, the most prominent news organizations in the Spanish ecosystem in recent years (2014-2021) were identified. Next, all the innovations they implemented during that period were tracked. Lastly, the weight of technology in their innovations was analyzed using three variables: creator, change over time, and the nature of the organizations. The results reveal that approximately two-thirds of the innovations implemented are linked to technology, thereby corroborating its importance for progress in journalism. However, the results also confirm the existence of many initiatives independent of technological progress, particularly in the organizational sphere. In terms of the creators, third-party technologies predominate, with a spike in 2020 in response to the health crisis. These findings allow us to delve into the correlation between technological innovation, the social context and the reliance on big tech.

At the current crossroads that the media in general and journalism in particular are going through, innovation emerges not as a “nice to have” but as an urgent and peremptory need. In this context, media labs are presented as a structured and somewhat privileged space to do so. However, since both the academic and professional literature and the review of the websites of the different labs in the United States and Europe show that their configuration admits very diverse formulas, we wonder what is today the central feature of these spaces in Spain. To the extent that their raison d'être is clear, it will be possible to define to what extent their activity can (or cannot) be taken over by other realities. To find this out, we have conducted semi-structured interviews with a purposive sample of 18 prominent voices in the field. The results show that the main feature of these spaces is precisely their innovative purpose. From this point on, the emphasis is placed on different signs of identity which, nevertheless, are complementary under the common denominator of sharing the same mission.