Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Uno de los elementos que más ha contribuido a extender la dimensión educativa de los colegios jesuitas ha sido el gran número de antiguos alumnos, y su notoriedad en algunos casos. A lo largo de este texto se proponen varias claves de la educación jesuita -desde la antropología, la sociología, la filosofía y la teología- que han hecho que numerosos ex alumnos hayan estado presentes y comprometidos con el panorama artístico y cultural de su tiempo.

Esta investigación examina sintéticamente el impacto, trascendencia e influencia histórica de la Compañía de Jesús en Venezuela en el lapso de ciento cinco años. Revisa sus múltiples tareas entre las que destacan los campos de trabajo en educación, cultura y sociedad, labor llevada a cabo a través de las principales instituciones jesuitas y muestra, además, cómo esas instituciones se adaptan a los tiempos y realidades al formar parte de redes nacionales e internacionales que unifican criterios y las fortalecen dentro de un proyecto que responde al tiempo presente y al diseño de una perspectiva de futuro.

Noodle consumption and, in general, dry pasta intake, is widespread in Venezuela and attributed mainly to Italian migrants in the twentieth century. However, the insertion of noodles in everyday diet dates back to the eighteenth century, way before the twentieth’s migrations and in the middle of the colonial period. Because of it and within our research on food in eighteenth-century Venezuela, we explored the presence of noodles in the country, particularly Caracas, their arrival, trade and consumption to define their role within the colonial table, at a time when the creole diet was taking shape. As such, considering this was an expensive, imported product, we tried to offer data on sumptuary food consumption and its symbolic function in creating local identities.

Today, the dynamics of cities is distinguished by intense functional relationships between different parts of the territory, which are translated into intra-urban and inter-metropolitan movements that the population makes on a daily basis for various reasons. The center of the city of Toluca, located in the fifth most densely populated metropolis in the country, is a reflection of an urban mobility that is characterized by limitations that hinder its sustainability; The actions carried out by local and state authorities range from institutional programs to emerging bicycle lanes derived from the health contingency. One of the emblematic strategies lies in the territorial delimitation of a central polygon called Ecozona, which currently faces challenges associated with the efficiency, quality and safety of the user population, who in recent years has gained significant importance to the demand a sustainable public transport service with universal access, as an unavoidable condition associated with the right to mobility granted by the Mexican constitution. Among the main findings of the research are that currently the mobility of the Ecozone focuses on motorized modes of transport, the car and bus predominate that have greater connectivity between the points of origin and destination, in a maximum time of one hour of complete travel; the bicycle is a mode of transport that has a minimum movement in the collecting roads of the downtown area of Toluca. To the above, the change of the municipal administration is added, a factor that stopped the SBP Huizi, generating a discontinuity of this project, a situation that hinders the progress of the city of Toluca towards a sustainable urban mobility based on a paradigm shift.

Today, the leading role of rural women in society is increasingly visible. The complex and diverse strategies they use to earn a living and be recognized as economic and social agents of transformation and a key element in rural development are evident. However, there is still a disparity in their political-social participation. The objective of this paper was to understand, from an actor-oriented approach, the livelihoods of the "Canasteras", producers and sellers of agricultural products in the traditional market "Vicente Obregón" in the city of Acayucan, Veracruz, Mexico. Ethnographic work was carried out over six months, during which in-depth interviews and stories were taken. Women selling agricultural products ("canasteras") in traditional markets are part of the informal economic sector. It was identified that even though this activity is their main livelihood, the "canasteras" cannot access a better quality of life and that their daily activities not only involve economic practices but also become social dynamics and symbolic reaffirmations. Likewise, there is a fragmentation in the structure of the role played by rural women in society; canastera women are restructuring their traditional gender role, assuming a more important social and economic role. They are agents of transformation, have a role in the market and represent an important part of feeding society.

En función de erigir una base epistemológica para el desarrollo de análisis antropológicos y discursivos de los usos y representaciones del territorio en el Delta del Río Paraná a partir de la presencia del fuego en las islas (año 2020), nos han resultado operativos los aportes de la teoría del actor-red de Bruno Latour, en tanto pueden ser percibidos como estudios de los modos de socialización de la naturaleza y la puesta en cuestión de las ontologías modernas; Philippe Descola (2012) y más recientemente Erik Swyngedouw (2011) y su señalamiento de la condición post política que trastoca los modos actuales de gestionar la naturaleza, constituyen también un aporte significativo. En efecto, la investigación que proponemos pone el énfasis en dos dimensiones fundamentales que han sido definidas bajo el “acuerdo moderno” y que debemos desentrañar: la sociedad (“ahí abajo”) y la naturaleza (“ahí afuera”). Si bien estas entidades operan en la configuración del fenómeno de “fuego en las islas”, exhibiendo una tensión de usos y representaciones del ambiente, ¿de qué modos es que configuran el fenómeno? ¿Y qué entendemos nosotros por esas dimensiones?

The following article offers a synthesis of criteria for the analysis and prioritization of the city renewal, taking as reference the central districts of the central canton of the Costa Rican capital. In turn, it is a mixed methodological proposal that aims to show the dimensions considered essential for urban analysis, its application at different scales, and principles for established. In conclusion, the intrinsic phenomena of urbanization are not characteristic of the examination and projection from a discipline, less in moments where societies tend to concentrate and become more complex in cities. Reviewing the literature reflected in the criteria is essential to address complexity.