Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

This article pursues a dual purpose. On the one hand, to identify the sociodemographic composition and distinctive features of the recent Venezuelan migration process to the Argentine Republic, in the light of the characteristics presented by the rest of the migratory groups residing in the country; and on the other hand, to identify the way in which this profile conditions their possibilities of labor integration in the host country. In this context, special attention to the impact of the pandemic, and its associated measures on the situation of the study subject is paid. For this study, a quantitative methodology is applied on all the data collected, mainly, from the first National Migrant Survey of Argentina (Encuesta Nacional Migrante de Argentina) in 2020, and the Permanent Survey of Households in Argentina (Encuesta Permanente de Hogares). This research shows that there are certain characteristics that make an important difference in favor of immigrants, such as their high level of training and the low age of those who compose it, which facilitates their access to work and allows them to achieve higher rates of formality in their hiring process, compared to the rest of the migrant population, in general. And on the other hand, there are other variables, such as its recent installation in the country, which limit both, its possibilities of job continuity, and income perception, in pandemic context.

This article reviews the main components of the Universal Basic Income proposal seeking to highlight its singularities in relation to other public policies on socioeconomics. From a broad perspective, both conceptually and historically, this study tries to see UBI’s characteristics through different lenses, debates and longer-term proposals on 4 subjects: the relationship between technological change and employment; the current urgency of a welfare state; the search for greater freedom for people; and how working is experienced in labor-based economies. On a more direct level, this article also leads to the discussion over the possible effects of a redistribution of income, the reduction of poverty, and financing measures. Additionally, some topics, such as the lack of motivation to work is highly discussed and criticized. Finally, elements about sociology and political economy referring to inquiries and conditions for its setting as a policy are also added, considering some aspects found in partial and limited experiences, which are certainly neither fully representative nor sufficient.

En una influyente compilación de inicios del nuevo siglo, Dagnino, Olvera y Panfichi (2006), afirmaron que gran parte de la lucha política en curso en América Latina giraba en torno a modelos alternativos de democracia, en lo que llamaron “la disputa por la cuestión democrática”.Veinte años después, es posible decir que el panorama es más complejo dadala intensificación del conflicto sociopolítico en la región y sus impactos en los patrones de relación entre el Estado y la sociedad civil (Tatagiba, 2018).

We need to look for ways in health that integrate effective knowledge. The Temazcalhas an important role in this path, as well as in transdisciplinary participatory action-re-search. Sustainable health can be generated through participatory Temazcal generatingdynamics of self-care through social participation. In this text we reflect on the Temazcalscenario around the dialogue between tradition and the current vernacular forms thatMexican culture possesses. We embroider reflections on power and participation inthe processes of tradition and health; central areas rebuild community and societiestowards human sustainability.

The article discusses some theoretical blind spots of the democratic paradigm. Tothis end, the frameworks of transitional theory are examined, contemplating theconstant tension between the explanatory capacity and the normative aspect of thisepistemic paradigm. The article discusses the conceptual and methodological inade-quacy of the democratic paradigm, present from the first theoretical constructionsof this perspective. In this sense, there are critical parallels with the theory of mo-dernization that can be useful in renewing the theoretical framework of democracy.

This article uses the late work of Peter Mair as a guide to reconstruct contemporaryMexican politics through three phenomena: the cartelization of the party system,the hollowing of democracy and the populist challenge posed by Andrés ManuelLópez Obrador in 2018. The thesis of this paper is that bothLópez Obrador andhiscritics appeal to different ways of understanding democracy: one that emphasizes its«popular»component and another that prioritizes its«constitutional»component.The article characterizes these two conflicting conceptions of democracy throughrecent political events such as the controversy around autonomous agencies. Thepaper concludes that framing the current political moment as a dispute betweentwo variants of the same regime, which remains the normative horizon of all poli-tical players, can help prevent the deepening of conflict.

Background. Childhood obesity is a major worldwide public health problem. To face this epidemic, society requires strategies developed from the structures and possibilities of the community local context and from a holistic approach. Community participation in the development of strategies is necessary to promote a healthy lifestyle. Objective. Select child promoters through online tools during COVID-19 pandemic using a participatory approach. Methods. Puppet theater was used as a tool to select health promoters using a Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR) methodology; five acts regarding the characteristics of a health promoter (Sympathy, Empathy, Solidarity, Responsibility) were presented to children from four elementary schools in Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic lock down and the work-at-home modality implemented since March 2020 in Mexico, the strategy was developed using on-line platforms. Results. Through the CBPR practice, the classmates of four schools selected 79 students whom they considered met the characteristics to be a health promoter and then carry out a health promotion program aimed at the entire school community in a later study phase. Conclusions. The election participation process was adequately developed through online communication and CBPR principles, using the puppet theater tool.

Chronic Non-Communicable Diseases (NCD) are diseases that are not transmitted from person to person and that are characterized by their generally slow evolution. In Argentina, NCDs are the main cause of death and disability, only two groups of causes (cardiovascular and cancer) are responsible for half of all deaths and 27 % of years of life potentially lost (YPLL). The general objective of this work, a quantitative, cross-sectional and descriptive study, is to describe and analyze the profile by age and sex of the mortality rates due to NCD in men and women in Argentina, based on the implementation of the model for functional data (MDF) by Hyndman and Ullah (2007). This model also makes it possible to forecast the behavior of mortality rates for both sexes, taking into account the changes related to age and the trend observed over time during the period 1985-2014. The relative difference in mortality between the beginning of the study period and the forecast for the year 2025 indicates that, if the prevailing behavior in rates continues, decreases of around 50 % would be achieved for men between 30 and 50 years of age. While for women the greatest decreases (of around 20 %) would be observed between the ages of 20 and 35. These results would indicate, in a more general way, that the behavior of the mortality rates of the age groups under 70 years, whose deaths are called “premature”, is of a clear decrease for both sexes, highlighting that, in the case of men, although they have higher NCD mortality rates, this decrease is more marked.

Background: The Mexican health system divides the population into people with and without social security. This organization generated health differences between both groups. Amenable mortality is an impact that if is studied between groups and territories it indirectly measures health inequities. Objective. Analyze the amenable mortality among Mexican population with and without social security from 1998 to 2019. Materials and methods. An ecological investigation was realized, obtaining standardized mortality rates of amenable mortality and two inequity measures for the population with and without social security, using an amenable mortality list adapted to Mexico. Results. At national level, the population with social security concentrates the greatest general, no amenable and amenable mortality. Looking at each category of amenable mortality we found that the mortality rates of Medical Services, Diabetes, Isquemic Hearth Diseases and Residual Causes were higher in social security population; while in Homicides, Acquired human Immunodeficiency Syndrome and Suicide and Intentional Injuries the opposite happens. At state level exist heterogeneity, but in 28 of 32 states the mortality rates were higher in social security population. It's the same in the ratio rates. The concentration index values reflect a little inequity between states. Conclusions. The population with social security had the greatest mortality. This doesn’t mean that an inequity exist in them, rather it reflect the influence of other variables (social determinants), and it's evidence with the concentration index.

Introduction. In most countries of the American and Oceanic continents, indigenous people have worse health indicators than the rest of the population. The objective of this study is to analyze the differences in mortality and causes of death between people living in indigenous areas, and people living in the rest of Costa Rica, between 2010 and 2018. Methodology. The study population is based on the 2010 National Electoral Rolls. The Registry of the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC) allowed knowing the cause of death (ICD-10). 2,747,616 people for 23,985,602 person-years of follow-up were included. Results. No differences in mortality in men were observed between both populations. In women, mortality was slightly higher in indigenous areas. In indigenous areas, mortality was higher in people who were under 50 years of age at the beginning of the follow-up, compared to the rest of the population, in particular mortality due to Diseases of the digestive system and External causes of morbidity and mortality. Mortality was lower in indigenous areas in people over 70 years of age, particularly mortality due to Tumors and Diseases of the circulatory system. Conclusions. The results of this study do not confirm the hypothesis of systematically higher mortality in populations living in indigenous areas.