Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The work that we present aims to reflect on the incidence of the Ratio Studiorum in the humanistic formation of the University of San Ignacio de Córdoba (Argentina). It aims to contextualize the Ignatian model completed in 1599 and its application in this academic center, located at the headquarters of the Jesuit Province of Paraguay. The model of the Ratio was linked to the constitutions of the university dictated in 1663, forming a theoretical-practical body of pedagogical functioning that extended until the Suppression in 1773. The new organizational structure is one of the factors of relevance of this teaching-learning system. Each actor, from the provincial, through the rector, teachers and students were developed within a framework of harmony. Even the procurator, whose mission was to make teaching free through the maintenance of a network of media that provided what was necessary for that purpose. The school organization started from the curriculum, or curriculum, whose basic structures were philosophy and theology. Within this framework are framed texts inclined to the philosophical system proposed by Aristotle in Antiquity and developed and interpreted from the Christian perspective by St. Thomas. But we also address the institutional everyday in the income and promotion of the student, the school calendar, public events and other resources that formed an integral formation that educated an elite that came to question the political system of his time.

The issue of expulsion is a classic one, that in the case of Sinaloa and Sonora has been addressed in different times, each author enriching the general panorama. However, for the most part, the expulsion is pointed out as the difficult situation that the members of the order had to face, as well as in the cruelty and injustice of their capture and transfer. Our proposal leads us to observe the process in the long time and to assess the complex situation faced by the Society of Jesus in the northwest of New Spain, where the critical point of view about its role is clearly expressed at the beginning of the 18th century. The study of expulsion within the framework of a broader process, such as the various secularizing proposals of the first two thirds of the eighteenth century, as well as the publication of new Jesuit sources, the civil administration and the secular Church, lead us to put the subject back to discussion and allow us to offer a complementary point of view to an issue that usually focuses on the events of 1767.

To the priests of the Society of Jesus who with Tomé de Souza migrated to do the catechesis of the natives, Brazil must produce abundant records, highlighting the primers, correspondences with the provincials and works dealing with the population of the coast, who spoke the Tupinambá language. Using the works of two critics of different periods as theoretical foundation and in the methodology an anthropological work in the study of Amerindians, having as a source the dictionaries of two authors of formations in areas that are not confused, it was possible to prove that the translation and spelling of the term tabareu in Tupi language, has occurred in a wrong way, influencing its interpretation, so that other synonyms of the term Tapuya are ignored by religious, as it has reproduction in the present day and reflexes in the Portuguese language since the first decade of colonization.

The main objective of this article is to present one of the most interesting aspects verified in the workshops of the antiques Jesuit Colleges and missions in the Amazon, between the 17th and 18th centuries: the artistic work of Germain-speaking Jesuits and indigenous, together, for the decoration of the churches of the Company of Jesus in the region. For that, we`ll focus not only the performance of two important Jesuits artists –the Luxembourgish Johann Philipp Bettendorff (João Felipe Bettendorff, 1625-1698), and the Tyrolean Johann Xaver Treyer (João Xavier Traer, 1668-1737)– but also of some indigenous artists, who are known only by their names: Francisco, Martinho, Marçal, Angelo, Faustino. We intend to collaborate for the already advanced studies about the presence of Germain-speaking Jesuits, acting in the artistic production of the colonial period in South America, as well as to draw attention to the presence of indigenous cultures and artists in that process.

This work is part of a project on the critical study of a series of relationships commissioned by the Navarrese Jesuit Pedro Antonio de Calatayud (1689-1773). From his exile in Bologna, he tried to write a history of the Jesuit province of Paraguay, for which he required the help of exiles from that region based in Faenza. They collaborated more than a dozen Jesuits with high quality works that were unpublished, because they were not intended to be published. The present text is of P. Guevara, on the reductions of young children. The work of Fr. Calatayud was left unfinished and unpublished, together with these texts that are in the same file in the Loyola Archive in Aspeitia.

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