Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
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EIROA SAN FRANCISCO, Matilde (Coord.), Historia y memoria en Red. Un nuevo reto para la historiografía. Editorial Síntesis, Madrid, 2018.

En este texto se reseña una de las principales iniciativas en Humanidades Digitales relacionadas con los estudios islámicos clásicos. OpenITI consiste en un corpus de textos islámicos pre-modernos que pretende establecer la infraestructura tecnológica necesaria para incorporar las nuevas formas de análisis y tratamiento computacional de la información a los estudios islámicos.

El III Congreso de la Sociedad Internacional de Humanidades Digitales Hispánicas (HDH), celebrado en Málaga del 18 al 20 de octubre de 2017, ha dado la oportunidad de reunir un conjunto significativo de trabajos e investigaciones en torno a temas que tuvieron como eje la capacidad de transformación –epistémica, disciplinar, social, cultural y política– de las Humanidades Digitales. Se incluyen aquí investigaciones que centran su atención en la aplicación de instrumentos y procesos tecnológicos para la preservación y el análisis cultural.

Much of the literary criticism devoted to interpreting the work of W. Wordsworth tries, on the one hand, to overcome and moderate, or, on the other hand, to directly accept the manifest opposition against science and scientific practices that the poet maintains, mainly throughout his work The Prelude. I will examine the conceptual basis of such hostile attitude by digitally analyzing the lexicon used in this work. The results obtained permit confirming Wordsworth’s hostility towards science, and more precisely, the prejudice that modern science would not allow a humanized perception of nature. But I argue that this attitude is due to a latent enchanted worldview, in a Weberian sense, more suitable for the sentimental description than for the perception and description of the natural landscape based on the explanatory knowledge of nature.

Reseña del volumen: Bleier, Roman; Bürgermeister, Martina, Klug, Helmut W., Neuber, Frederike y Schneider, Gerlinde (eds.). Digital Scholarly Editions as Interfaces. Norderstedt: Books on Demand, 2018. ISBN: 9783748109259

Este artículo explora el concepto de datos informáticos aplicados a las Humanidades a través de tres perspectivas diferentes: en primer lugar, se analiza el significado del término desde un punto de vista histórico y se sitúa en el contexto de las Humanidades Digitales prestando atención a su acepción más técnica. A continuación, se discute sobre la naturaleza, las tipologías y se abordan algunos debates de los últimos años, como es el de su aparente objetividad. Por último, y en conexión con la producción, gestión y análisis de los datos, se toma en consideración el fenómeno big data y los desafíos de su aplicación en el terreno de las Humanidades. Se pretende, en definitiva, poner de relieve el papel central de los datos en el quehacer humanístico y cómo, para el humanista actual, existen competencias digitales básicas ineludibles.

Esta reseña evalúa el trabajo más reciente de Ted Underwood: “Distant Horizons. Digital evidence and literary change”, publicado en 2019 por la Universidad de Chicago. El autor aborda en él diferentes cuestiones de la historia de la literatura a partir de la aplicación de métodos cuantitativos.

This text compares two anarchist women. The one, Federica Montseny, a Spaniard and the other, Emma Goldman, a Russian émigré to the United States. Both met each other in person thanks to a mutual friend, the Austrian historian Max Nettlau, who encouraged Goldman to visit Spain, a country that had captivated him. Expelled from the U.S. and installed on the French coast, Goldman, exhausted after writing her biography, decided to follow her friend’s advice. Towards the end of 1928, she visited Barcelona and met the Urales family and Federica. It would seem that they did not get along. Although they had much in common, there were also many ideas and experiences that separated them. As I will go on to demonstrate, despite Goldman and Montseny sharing a commitment to anarchism and, being women, also the fight for women emancipation, their family backgrounds, life experiences, personal circumstances, all decisively influenced the different ideological and political perspectives of both.  I will argue here that the cause of sexual liberation and, in general, the problems related to sex were much more central to the life and works of Goldman than to those of Montseny. Goldman was far bolder, dared to bring into the public debating arena subjects considered intimate, that belonged to people’s private spheres, and this makes her a far more attractive figure for the newer generations than Montseny.

Scientist Ignacio Domeyko’s 1845 trip to the Chilean Araucanian region was taken in the context of his desire to visit Chile a bit more before his return to Poland: see the country of the Araucanian savages. This visit would give birth to a unique book that constitutes a true defense of the Araucanians’ human rights: Araucania and its inhabitants. Domeyko, who was highly respected in Chile, strongly influenced the establishment of a new view of the indigenous inhabitants living in the south of the country.  His study has originated numerous revisions and critical articles. In this work I review Domeyko’s human rights view of the Araucanian woman he gleans through his coexistence with them. His narrative occurs when he had already been living in Chile for twenty two years, and is not separate from the overriding ideology during that century, nor from the historical facts of the civilizing projects and Chilean progressivism; rather, it is centered in the project. The positive characteristics of the native are mitigated when noting some of those Domeyko considers serious faults, such as the authoritarianism of the man over the woman; the treatment and mistreatment of her; her confinement and impossibility of self-liberation.  German traveler and mines engineer Paul Tretler arrives in the Araucanian region fourteen years later in 1859 and not only notices what Domeyko had observed in 1845 about the state of the Araucanian woman, but also gets close to some of them; he witnessed trials against Araucanian women; he also accepted/received the confession and request for help of a pregnant white woman prisoner, wife of one of the caciques, and victim of the other wives. Two of his books are included in this paper: Andanzas de un alemán en Chile 1851-1863 and  La provincia de Valdivia y los Araucanos.

In the tradition of the Argentine narrative that takes place in the Patagonian desert and narrates the conflicts of its past and present, the novels Sangre en el viento by Vicente Muleiro and El país del diablo by Perla Suez have been added in 2015. In the seminar New Violence / New Resistance, held at the University of Milan in March 2016, I presented a paper on the first one. The present work on the novel by Perla Suez is inserted in a larger study that, in addition to the Patagonian novels, contemplates the desert of the Puna of northwestern Argentina in the work of Hector Tizón. Its axis of analysis tries to answer the question about the modality of the new narrative strategies with which this story deals with the situation of the native peoples in this bloody region where since the conquest a violent and genocidal domination has been exercised over them whose tragic effects and Resistances still persist. From this perspective I will analyze the presence of a visual paradigm of cinema in its writing. Procedures such as the montage of scenes similar to the snapshot and the frames of the cinema constitute the constructive amalgam of the novel. For the story that narrates, located in the mid-nineteenth century, Suez has sought an original point of view and privileges the look of its protagonist, the young Lum, daughter of a "white" father and a Mapuche mother. It is she who exercises her resistance to the violence of the invading army.