Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Demodicosis is a parasitic dermatopathy, resulting from the excessive proliferation of Demodex mites. The rateat which this disease is encountered in the pet clinic is high, despite recent advances in the treatment ofthe disease. The aim of this study, which was conducted in Brazil, was to analyze the efficacy of fluralanerin the treatment of demodicosis in dogs. Fifteen dogs with generalized demodicosis that were diagnosedwith Demodex sp. mites from skin scraping were included. All animals were treated with fluralaner at adose of 25 mg/kg, following the manufacturer’s recommendations for the treatment of ectoparasites.The effectiveness of the treatment was evaluated based on clinical improvement of the animals andthe time required to obtain two consecutive negative skin scrapes 30 days apart (parasitological cure).The main clinical signs observed were alopecia (100%; 15/15); erythema (86.7%; 10/15); and hypotrichosis,papule, crusts, hyperpigmentation, and hyperkeratosis (26.7%; 4/15). Of the 15 animals evaluated, two ofthem were excluded for not returning for the second evaluation in 60 days, although they had the firstnegative skin scrape. After 30 days, six (46.2%) from 13 animals that concluded the study presented thefirst negative skin scraping. At the end of the study, all dogs presented parasitological cure and clinicalimprovement, except for three animals. One for developing atopic dermatitis and two that lived in ananimal shelter. In conclusion, a single oral dose of fluralaner is effective in the treatment of generalizeddemodicosis in dogs.

The Congenital heart diseases are characterized by morphological defects in the embryonic development and the most frequent in dogs are: pulmonary and aortic valve stenosis, ventricular septal defect and persistente ductus arteriosus.  They may occur asymptomatically or even evolve to congestive heart failure. The definitive diagnosis is made through the visualization of the alterations in the echocardiogram. In the present report, a French Bulldog, three month old, asymptomatic was presented to a private Veterinary practice in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Cardiac auscultation evidenced a systolic heart murmur in tricuspid focus and diastolic murmur in pulmonary focus. To better evaluate the dog  chest radiography, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram were perfomed and  allowed the diagnosis of pulmonary stenosis. The clinical treatment with beta-blocker was installed and the surgical procedure was performed with the ballon valvuloplasty. The aim of this study was to report a case of pulmonary artery stenosis in a puppy, treated clinically and surgically, emphasizing the importance of the physical and complementary cardiological exams.

To determine the M-mode echocardiography reference measurements for Brazilian random bred cats in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, Cats presenting for routine care were examined by M-mode echocardiography. Animals with free wall values ​​of the left ventricle and/or interventricular septum above 5 mm were not included. A total of 125 cats were included in the study. The correlation of the body score condition (BSC) with the echocardiography measurements was positive for left ventricle wall in systole (LVWs)  and left ventricular wall in diastole (LVWd) . The LVWd values of BSCs 3 and 4 were different , and those of BSCs 3 and 5 were also different. The LVWs values of BSCs 3 and 5 were different . The correlated effect between BSC and the echocardiography measurements was true for the left atrium , left atrium/aorta ratio, ventricular septum in diastole, ventricular septum in systole, LVWs, LVWd, left ventricle in diastole, left ventricle in systole, ejection fraction and shortening fraction. The M-mode echocardiography evaluation of cats is impacted by the animal’s body mass; therefore, the BSC must be taken into consideration when interpreting echocardiography measurements. 

Cancer is the main cause of death among pet animals. FeLV, the feline leukemia virus, increases the odds of domestic felines’ developing lymphoma or leukemia 62 fold. The cardiac lymphoma is a rare neoplasia and little is known about it in Veterinary Medicine. Therefore, it has been sought to report a case of cardiac lymphoma in a two-year-old, FeLV-positive feline patient, who presented dyspnea, lack of appetite, progressive loss of weight, and apathy. By means of supplementary examination, the presence of a mass attached to the heat would be verified, and lymphoma was diagnosed upon histopathological examination. It is thus concluded that this neoplasia was associated to the feline leukemia virus and that, in spite of the supplementary examinations’ having been utterly important for a correct diagnosis, the lack of an early definition aggravated the clinical picture of the patient and hindered the implementation of specific treatment.

The aim of this study was to report the treatment efficacy of generalized demodicosis with oral sarolaner in dogs. Twenty-seven dogs diagnosed with generalized demodicosis were treated with oral sarolanerat a dose of 2.0 mg/kg every 30 days. Sarolaner was administered on days 0, 30, 60, and 90. The dogs were analyzed as positive or negative for demodicosis. Clinical parameters were recorded before and after treatment every 30 days for 90 days. On day 30, 77.7% of the dogs exhibited negative results for demodicosis in skin scrapings, and on day +60, 100% of dogs showed negative results on parasitological examination, which continued until day 90. On day 30, 7.41% of the dogs showed clinical remission, followed by 74.07% on day +60. On day +90, 88.88% of the dogs showed complete clinical recovery. Sarolaner was effective in treating canine generalized demodicosis and could be an excellent alternative to conventional treatment, especially for animals in whom ivermectin is contraindicated.

The present study investigated veterinarians’ perceptions of bioethics and animal welfare training. Participants were divided in two groups: Group 1 graduated in or before 2003, and Group 2 graduated after 2003. One hundred forty participants completed the questionnaire: 62 (44.3%) from Group 1 and 78 (55.7%) from Group 2. One participant (1.6%) in Group 1 and 8 participants (10.2%) in Group 2 were taught bioethics as an elective or required course before graduating (p=0.003). Fifty-nine participants (95.2%) from Group 1 and 75 (96.2%) from Group 2 believed thata bioethics course should be required to graduate (p=0.959). Four participants (6.4%) from Group 1 and 24 (30.8%) from Group 2 were taught animal welfare as an elective or required course before graduating (p=0.003). Fifty-seven participants (91.9%) from Group 1 and 77 (98.7%) from Group 2 believed that animal welfare should be requiredto graduate(p=0.959). All participants considered both subjects highly relevant to the profession. Most participants were not taught bioethics or animal welfare courses before graduating; however, the availability of these courses increased after 2003. It was concluded that more emphasis should be given to teaching bioethics and animal welfare in veterinary undergraduate training.

The influence of transport stress in the presence of Campylobacter spp. and the antimicrobial resistance profile were evaluated in feces of 60 pigs. The samples were collected at the finishing farm and after transport to the slaughterhouse, totaling 120 samples. Isolation was performed by plaque culture and identification of the species was obtained by biochemical tests confirmed with the PCR technique. Campylobacter spp. was isolated in 63.3% of the collected samples at the farm and 91.6% at the slaughterhouse, evidencing the influence of transport stress on the increase of the isolates (P<0.05). The species C. coli biotype I, C. jejuni biotype I and C. jejuni subsp. doylei were identified, with C. coli being more prevalent on the farm and C. jejuni in the slaughterhouse. Bacterial resistance was observed for all six classes of antibiotics tested.  Among them, the isolates presented greater resistance to lincomycin, tetracycline and nalidixic acid (98.9%), and greater sensitivity to amoxicillin (22.5%). The strains of C. coli showed higher antimicrobial resistance than those of C. jejuni (P<0.05). The results of this study point to the high isolation rates of C. coli and C. jejuni in pig feces destinated for slaughter and possible risks related to meat  consumption.  The high standards of resistance address the risk to public health.  

Objective: to know the clinical epidemiological characteristics of cases of childhood Tuberculosis diagnosed in the Dr. Robert Reid Cabral Children’s Hospital 2007- 2012 Methods: descriptive study. We reviewed the clinical records of patients under 15 years of age diagnosed and followed in the childhood tuberculosis program of the Robert Reid Cabral Children’s Hospital in the years 2007-2012 Background: childhood TB is considered a sentinel event of transmission of the disease and its control has not been a priority. The Dominican Republic is a country with a high incidence of TB and the reported data on childhood TB point to a low detection of cases and a sub-diagnosis Results: 249 patients were evaluated, 81% with a diagnosis of childhood TB and 19% Latent Tuberculosis Infection. 56.2% had less than 5 years of age and 61.4% had BCG vaccine scar. 63.5% of the cases referred to the contact with a case of Tuberculosis, and in 70.0% it was intradomiciliary. Pulmonary manifestation represented 63.4% of TB cases and 27.3% had smear positive. Conclusion: there are important differences in the diagnosis and management of childhood tuberculosis and TB in adults, these should be considered in the implementation of strategies for control; with integrated actions, an approach oriented not only to the child, but also to the family and taking into consideration the social determinants.

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The world health organization defines traditional medicine as the whole set of knowledge, skills and practices based on indigenous theories, beliefs and experiences of different cultures, whether explainable or not, used for the maintenance of health, as well as for the prevention, diagnosis, improvement or treatment of physical or mental illnesses. This type of medicine despite having a set of different systems, practices and medical products and health care, is not currently considered part of conventional medicine. Objective: identify attitudes and practices of parents about the use of traditional medicine for the management of wheezing, cough and fever in patients treated at the pulmonology clinic of the Robert Reid Cabral Children’s Hospital, January-April 2018. Methodology: cross-sectional descriptive observational study with prospective collection of data in order to know attitudes and practices of parents about the use of traditional medicine for the management of wheezing, cough and fever in patients treated at the pulmonology clinic of the Children’s Hospital Doctor Robert Reid Cabral, JanuaryApril 2018. Results: it was identified that the largest number of parents or guardians interviewed considered that traditional medicine is effective (42%), of the 180 interviewed, 126 opted for the practice of traditional medicine (70%) and 65 stated that reason for the which use traditional medicine is because it is more economical (37%), when a child presents wheezing; 94 of the 180 interviewees prefer to see the doctor (42%), on the cough 69 of the 180 interviewees use traditional and conventional medicine together (38%) and as soon as the fever 128 of the 180 interviewees prefer to go directly to the doctor (71 %). Housewives are those who most use traditional medicine (29%), in relation to schooling; the highest percentage (38%) had only completed primary school, parents or tutors from urban areas were those who reported using more traditional medicine (52%), parents or guardians with an income between RD $ 5-10 thousand Weights were the ones that opted for the use of traditional medicine, in relation to age; Parents or guardians aged between 41-50 years or more are those who are most inclined towards the use of traditional medicine (and children aged between 1-10 years were the ones who consumed it the most). Cought was the condition that was most opted for the use of traditional medicine (48%). It was observed that the traditional medicine most used for the control or management of wheezing, cough and fever, is that of plant origin.