Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

The present work is a fragment of the investigation of the constructive techniques in the aqueduct factory of European influence, refers to how they were conceived by the mix between indigenous culture and European culture, with contributions of each culture in the hydraulic systems built in the century XVI during the viceroyalty, in the current state of Hidalgo, this resulted in part of the local evangelization, regional urban development, economic development and agricultural production in the haciendas. The current fragment is focused on the risks detected in the sites where the aqueducts are located, highlights the phenomenon of progressive destruction by the surrounding population, abandonment of the authorities, ignorance about a correct action on the monument, worsened by the weathering of elements exposed by its location, as well as some natural phenomena that put at risk the integrity of the aqueducts. In conclusion, the best form of conservation is empathy with the monuments, the understanding of its importance on the part of the inhabitants and a periodic record of its physical state

BIM has put the industry's traditional production mode in crisis to focus on collaborative and information management processes as fundamental pillars of a new paradigm. Despite its acknowledged benefits, the implementation and dissemination of BIM have numerous barriers that transcend the technological dimension to reach the social one. The latter is expressed in the change of work methodologies, sustainable design and building construction, in new forms of collaboration, in the appearance of new roles, in the adjustments of business organization, contracts and business models. All these aspects also have a common factor that is change, an element where the BIM implementation process finds its greatest obstacle due to the innovation it represents for any organization. In our research, a statistical correlation is carried out to determine the influence of Change Management in the BIM implementation process.

Nanotechnology has numerous applications in the field of sustainable construction, which have allowed to save energy, minimize the use of non-renewable resources and reduce the generation of solid waste, as well as the toxicity of atmospheric emissions. Concerning the protection of the aquatic environment, this technology can provide useful materials for the control of urban runoff pollution through LID (Low-impact development) systems, such as permeable concretes. In this work the oxidation potential of nanoparticles (NP) of Fe2O3 was evaluated towards pollutants commonly present in urban runoff. Synthetic urban runoff (AEUs) was prepared with 2 ppm of N-NH4 +, 0.1 ppm of N-NO2-, 4 ppm of NO + and 2 ppm of phenol (C6H60). 35 mL of AEUs and 0.01 grams of NP were placed in Petri dishes and then exposed to sunlight. After eight hours, the oxidation of phenol and ammonium was observed. Our results indicate that Fe2O3 nanoparticles could be used to cover permeable pavements and to diminish the pollution coming from urban runoff.

The effects of globalization on society are becoming more noticeable, factors such as the economy, migration and even the surprising technological advance of recent years have been changing the social perception of the population little by little. These changes cannot be condemned because they significantly mark the evolution of the human being and allow the exchange of ideas throughout the world. The problem arises when the inhabitants of a region begin to be indifferent with their own ideologies and cultural positions, bringing consequently a cultural homogenization that in many cases ends with the neglect and destruction of the architectural heritage of the regions. This problem is more evident in the small towns of the country when facing an important demographic factor that is migration; more and more people leave their place of origin in search of better opportunities for quality of life, leaving these sites vulnerable to the loss of cultural heritage. While it is true that technological progress has attacked cultural integrity, we can take advantage of the current interest of the entire population towards this factor to give a responsive approach to technology and use it in favor of the care and protection of cultural elements and architectural with heritage value by the inhabitants.

Throughout history, the reconstruction of historical sites and monuments, in different parts of the world, has been carried out several times, because of a catastrophe produced either by a natural phenomenon or by man. Reconstructing as a building or site, after the disastrous event, can be subject to judgment, in principle for incurring the false history and due to the multiple needs, that a population faces after an event that harms an entire city and in different aspects. Reconstructing the architectural heritage, could be considered a secondary need, however many people did not hesitate to put it as one of the priorities in the middle of the tragedy. The need to reconstruct their tangible symbols, is beyond material recovery, is to recover the memory, collective identity and send a message of resistance of a society in the face of an adverse situation, and is a symbol of resilience that allows you to continue into the future.

Mexico City has many buildings with artistic, architectural, cultural and identity values that benefit society, however, many of these buildings are disappearing before the construction of new housing proposals, buildings from the year 2000 onwards. In this work, through the compilation of the historical antecedents and the postulates of conservation theories in the theoretical framework, this problem is analyzed, with the aim of preserving the historic housing architecture of the Porfiriato period of the late 19th century at the beginning of the twentieth century, only the historical single-family housing architecture of 1 and 2 levels is analyzed, the study area being the Colonia Santa María la Ribera. In the results there is a percentage of 33% of historical housing architecture and within this percentage, 11% corresponds to the historical single-family architecture of 1 and 2 levels. The colony Santa María la Ribera was the first fractionation of Mexico City, representing the modernity of the Industrial Revolution, with new structural systems and new materials, used in the eclectic and neoclassical architecture of that historical moment. These results justify the preservation of this architecture.

This text recognizes the importance of sustainable urban indicators, as well as the broad and very extensive context, which over the years has had sustainable development, which along with climate change are the requesting and at the same time promoters of indicators that contribute to the improvement of the quality of life of the people who live in the cities. Energy is fundamental for the development of societies, the objective of sustainable development number seven is the official interest of the UN in this matter, the framework is the 2030 Agenda. Of the set of renewable energies, it is the solar option in conjunction with the solar panel technological addition, the option that has the greatest potential for implementation in the domestic sphere. Then, according to the described scenario, it has been the task to develop an exploratory indicator to know the coverage of solar energy in Mexican households, using as a first input households with electric energy by solar panel. We return to the proposed approach "energy efficiency from the context of 'good practices' and clean energy." Under the aforementioned approach we group the relative data, normalize it and weigh it. We do a national review for 2014 using data from INEGI. You get a ranking then, Durango and Sonora are the first on the list. Some reflections are provided regarding the exercise and the existing opportunity areas.

A methodology is proposed and applied to identify areas prone to landslides through the use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS). CENAPRED proposes a methodology that has to be applied slope by slope, which consists of assigning a score that reflects the susceptibility of each of the relevant factors for landslide processes, such as slope, land use, type of rock, etc. The main disadvantage of this methodology is that it results in a discrete analysis (a score per slope), when we currently have GIS that can be used to assign scores in complete regions that naturally result in hazard index maps. In addition, GIS allows this work to be carried out expeditiously, efficiently, and without the need for field visits. In the present article we explore the application of the methodology proposed by CENAPRED but using SIG. Since there are some factors that cannot be calculated in GIS, such as the height of a slope (not to be confused with altimetry), the factors used here differ from the factors proposed by CENAPRED. The factors used here are the following: slope, type of rock, type of soil, faults, land use, and previous occurrence of landslides. All of them were obtained from official public information sources. The methodology was applied in Angangueo, Michoacán, and allowed creating a hazard map for the entire area of ​​interest. This map adequately captures the areas where landslides have occurred most frequently. These zones correspond to the urban area, where the topography is also very rugged. And, on the other hand, it is also possible to correctly identify areas with lower risk, which are associated with cultivated lands with gentle slopes, where no landslides have occurred. Therefore, it is considered that the proposed methodology enhance the methodology proposed by CENAPRED to allow the elaboration of continuous hazard maps. Perhaps the greatest challenge for its application at municipal level is the availability of high resolution cartography. In addition, land use cartography also offers a great challenge due to its great dynamism, associated with deforestation and urbanization. Therefore, it is considered important that the institutions in charge of official national cartography update the information as frequently as possible.

The large city generates commitments in the satisfaction of equipment and infrastructure and in terms of public and private spaces. The Metropolitan Area of Poza Rica (ZMPR) in its central municipality, the urban park, as equipment for the healthy development of modern city dwellers, is revealed as a scaffolding for the revitalization of community life avid in its attention to this type of space considerably scarce and with poor accessibility over time. Modern cities with intervened public spaces are positioned as interconnection nodes between the central points of the same, reconciling with them the integration to the urban framework necessary for the vivification and consolidation giving character and identity to each area. The checkerboard of the city has gray areas in the neighborhoods, school areas and roads identified with potential use for these urban spaces with strong citizen participation to perform actions that interfere with children, adolescents and seniors to raise awareness of accessibility principles universal and sustainable design for safe public spaces. The urban park as a space of social expression houses the daily collectivity, the collective memory transforming itself  from  being  considered  only as  the  landscape  space  par  excellence  giving  way  to coexistence and modal transit. It is precisely the residual spaces where the consideration of sustainable design of the new public space is a priority.

This research is the result of the work contracted by the COESPO-Hidalgo within the program COESPO-H / PEC-H / 010-2017, its objective is to develop a methodology that facilitates the understanding of the development behavior of the MPA, the forms and the integration of the metropolitan municipalities, the main problems, the forms of settlement, the definition of the territory and the settlement of its inhabitants. This methodology was designed to detect actions, intervention plans, improvements and public policies that ensure the sustainability of cities and improve the quality of life. It is proposed to develop a Sustainable Cities model based on the Integral Sustainability Index (ISI), which can be replicated to other State ZMs. It started from three large dimensions (Urban Development, Climate Change and Governance), was raised through basic sustainability variables, and integrated into a mathematical model that represents the real behavior of living conditions, reaching the fundamental elements for governance, systems of cities and metropolitan areas. The indicators show us the need to integrate a metropolitan administration, the unification of wills and the participation of all the social and political sectors that coexist in this urban space. The model shows the growth of the ZM around the city of Pachuca and the connection of economic relations, social conflicts, cultural diversity and population growth with the highest rates at the national level, the elevation of new residents, the construction of housing and integration to the dynamics of the megalopolis of the central zone of the country.