Sistema Regional de Información
en línea para Revistas Científicas de América Latina,
el Caribe, España y Portugal

Introduction: This study aimed to identify the challenges faced after cardiac surgery and the factors that influence therapeutic adherence through the use of mixed methods associated with health literacy (HL) and coronary artery disease (CAD) knowledge. Objective: To assess the disease knowledge and HL in patients who underwent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) post-myocardial infarction, and identify the challenges experienced during cardiac rehabilitation. Method: A convergent parallel mixed-methods study was conducted in southern Brazil with 24 patients aged ≥18 years. Quantitative data were collected using the Coronary Artery Disease Education Questionnaire Short Version (CADE-Q SV) and the Eight-Item Health Literacy Assessment Tool (HLAT-8). Data were analyzed with descriptive and inferential statistics. The qualitative data was obtained through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the IRAMUTEQ® software. Results: Most participants demonstrated unsatisfactory HL (58.3 %) and acceptable disease knowledge (54.1 %). The qualitative analysis identified three categories: Feelings experienced during the surgical process and rehabilitation; (mis)guidance and (mis)information related to care; and daily life transformed by the surgical procedure. Data integration revealed divergences and convergences when regarding knowledge, lifestyle changes, and risk factors. Conclusion: HL and disease knowledge were insufficient. The main challenge in rehabilitation is the lack of understanding of healthcare guidelines to support lifestyle changes.

Introduction: Although segmented evaluation strategies exist to verify the presence of empirical indicators of cardiovascular rehabilitation, no instrument has been found to measure this phenomenon in a unified way, considering its multidimensional nature. Objective: To construct and validate the content of the Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Measurement Scale. Materials and Methods: This is a methodological study, conducted using the premise of the theoretical pole of psychometrics, in two stages: construction of the instrument and content validation by judges. The instrument was constructed by converting operational definitions of rehabilitation markers into behavioral representations of the construct. Validation was enabled by the judgment of nine judges selected through the Lattes Platform. The items were judged based on psychometric criteria. The analysis was based on the content validity index. The binomial test was performed and Cronbach’s alpha was established. Results: A total of 33 items were developed to compose the scale, based on operational definitions of four dimensions of the construct: rehabilitative care, subject, adherence to therapy, and social. Of the 33 items evaluated, 51.5 % had a content validity index equal to 1.00, while 33.3 % had an index equal to 0.97. The judges suggested changes to the spelling of 42 % of the items, and 93 % of the suggestions were accepted. A global validity index of 0.97 and a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92 were obtained, indicating excellent theoretical formulation. Conclusions: The scale will enable the measurement of cardiovascular rehabilitation from the perspective of clinical care and may be used in the evaluation of nursing care from the perspective of multidimensional interventions.

Introduction: Communication between nursing professionals and the families of critically ill patients is an essential aspect of quality care. Therefore, measuring this communication is an important factor in improving healthcare. The objective was to determine the communication activities performed by nursing professionals with the families of critically ill patients and their association with sociodemographic variables. Materials and Methods: This was an analytical cross-sectional study with a purposeful sample of 100 intensive care nursing professionals from the Colombian Andean Region. The instrument Nursing Activities to Communicate with the Families of Critically Ill Patients was used, which consists of 16 items and has an overall Cronbach’s alpha of 0.92. Descriptive statistics and bivariate analysis were applied; the significance level was set at 0.05. Results: Nursing professionals “almost always” develop communication activities aimed at transmitting information and “sometimes” activities focused on identifying and satisfying psycho-spiritual needs. The variables most associated with communication activities were the number of patients assigned and the educational level (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Information is a priority for the families of critically ill patients, so communication activities related to physical, emotional, cultural, and relational aspects are essential in nursing care. However, some variables can limit communication. Communication activities by nursing professionals should be strengthened to enhance the quality of care provided to the families of critically ill patients.

Objective: To identify the factors associated with self-care capacity in people with chronic conditions hospitalized in a clinical ward. Materials and Methods: This was an observational study conducted in an adult clinical inpatient unit. Data was collected using a form to characterize the participants and the Revised Self-Care Agency Assessment Scale (ASAS-R). Data was then analyzed using descriptive statistics and association tests (Pearson’s correlation coefficient, Student’s t-test for independent samples, and ANOVA). A significance level of 5 % was applied to all analyses. Results: A total of 100 patients participated, with a prevalence of men; with a mean age of 59.78 years; most had incomplete primary education, were married, and retired. Based on the application of the ASAS-R, the patients demonstrated the power to self-care; however, they showed reduced self-care capacity, as indicated by the mean ASAS-R score (53.56). The individual characteristics associated with lower self-care capacity were being male (p = 0.006), having a low level of education (p = 0.022), having no religious bond (p = 0.050), having been hospitalized for a long time (p = 0.016), and not taking medication daily (p = 0.004). Conclusion: The results indicate that people with chronic conditions hospitalized in a clinical ward have a reduced capacity for self-care, associated with individual and clinical factors.

Introduction: Intensive care units are highly complex services designed to maintain the vital functions of patients who require specialized care and assistance, so it is necessary to allocate an adequate number of nursing professionals, according to the clinical conditions, to provide a response and continuity of care. In Colombia there is no legislation that quantitatively establishes this ratio, so it is usually determined by the installed capacity and not by the complexity of nursing interventions; therefore, this study becomes an asset to promote public policies for personnel allocation. Objective: To determine the nurse-patient ratio according to clinical severity in two intensive care units in the Colombian Caribbean. Materials and Methods: This is a quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional study conducted in two intensive care units (Sincelejo and Barranquilla), for which the TISS-28 (Simplified Therapeutic Intervention Score System) instrument was used for a three-month period. A total of 15 nursing professionals and 469 patients participated. Approval was granted by the Ethics Committee of the Universidad del Norte. Results: According to the severity of patient conditions, grade III was prevalent, that is, requiring intensive monitoring, with a time for nursing interventions ranging from 201.5–413.4 min (3.3 h – 6.89 h), and the need for a nurse-patient ratio of 1:2. Conclusions: There is a shortage of nursing professionals in the participating units to meet care needs.

Introduction: The increase in the number of older people in intensive care units (ICUs) poses a challenge for care providers, as these patients are more vulnerable and fragile, making them prone to unfavorable outcomes. Objective: To understand the significance of ICU stays for older people. Methodology: This is a descriptive qualitative study employing ethnographic tools. Following an exploratory study, ten interviews were conducted and complemented by observation in an ICU and a field diary. There was reflexivity and concurrence between data collection and analysis. The interviews were transcribed, and codes were identified through line-by-line reading, which were used to configure the emerging categories. Rigorous criteria and ethical principles were retained. Results: The meaning that participants assigned to the ICU setting was that of a respectful, enclosed, cold, special room with personalized care for complex or seriously sick patients. Interactions occurred with family, healthcare personnel, and spiritual figures, with diverse meanings, mediated by respectful, kind, special, and affectionate treatment; however, there were moments of inhumane, distant, and indifferent treatment. Care was defined as special, requested, and timely; at other times, it was defined as not received, not identified, not timely, or with some limitations when provided. Conclusion: The meaning of ICU stay for older adults is associated with being cared for and grateful, despite some unfavorable situations in the environment, interactions, and care.

Introduction: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by cognitive, communicative, and social impairments, and is classified into three levels of support. Child hospitalization, in turn, impacts the child and their family in biopsychosocial aspects, related to issues of physical health, stress, adaptation to the disease, and social interactions. In the case of autistic children, the complexity of the disorder requires hospital care adaptations. Objective: To describe the nursing care provided to children with ASD during hospitalization. Materials and Methods: This is an integrative literature review performed in July 2024, covering articles published between 2014 and 2024. The search for articles was conducted in the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Periódicos Capes, Lilacs, and BDEnf databases, using descriptors registered in MeSH/DeCS. The inclusion criteria consisted of primary studies, while the exclusion criteria consisted of academic papers, books, and book chapters. Results: The search and selection process for the studies in this review was organized via the Prisma flowchart, yielding 317 identified studies, of which 11 were selected. Most studies were qualitative and published in the United States. The results show the importance of individualizing care according to the specific needs of each child. In addition, visual and sensory communication strategies have been shown to be effective in reducing stress and promoting a welcoming environment. In this sense, specialized training for healthcare professionals and a multidisciplinary approach were found to be essential for improving care. Conclusions: The analysis of the studies reviewed highlights the importance of a personalized and patient-centered approach, as well as the need for continuous training for nursing professionals. Thus, this study contributes significantly to the growth of knowledge regarding nursing care, identifying challenges and needs, as well as proposing evidence-based interventions to improve care quality.

Introduction: Burnout is considered a public health problem, meaning that it is important to address it in a pandemic health care scenario. Objective: To analyze burnout in association with sociodemographic and work characteristics of Primary Health Care professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods: This is a quantitative study conducted from September 2021 to February 2022 in a municipality in southern Brazil, with 295 professionals, 224 of whom had been working for at least six months. Participants answered an electronic form with sociodemographic and work-related variables and the Burnout Assessment Tool scale. The data was analyzed using Poisson regression, with a p-value < 0.10. Results: Emotional exhaustion was more prevalent among community health workers (r = 0.37; p = 0.01) and nurses (r = 0.52; p = 0.04). Participants with a good diet had lower emotional exhaustion (r = 0.64; p < = 0.001) and a decline in emotional control (r = -0.97; p < 0.001); older age was associated with lower exhaustion (r = - 0.20; p < 0.001). The use of continuous medication was associated with better mental detachment (r = 0.39; p = 0.01). Community health workers had less cognitive decline (r = 0.61; p = 0.09). Conclusion: This study emphasizes the need to build a healthy work environment, promote self-care, and reduce occupational stress to mitigate burnout among professionals working during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction: The growing prevalence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and the complexity of the care required make the knowledge of Primary Health Care (PHC) nurses crucial to the quality of care provided. Objective: To understand the practice and knowledge of PHC nurses regarding ASD in Pau dos Ferros, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil. Materials and Methods: This was a descriptive-exploratory, qualitative study with nine nurses selected according to inclusion criteria (those with a civil service or public contract and more than one year of experience) and exclusion criteria (those on leave or vacation). Data was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using the thematic content analysis technique. Results: Four thematic categories emerged: 1) Professional perception: PHC nurses’ knowledge repertoire regarding ASD; 2) Nurses’ role in providing care to people with ASD; 3) Potentialities and challenges of holistic care in PHC for ASD; 4) Continuing education as a strategy for strengthening care. Conclusion: The study revealed significant gaps in the knowledge and practice of PHC nurses regarding ASD, highlighting the need for continuous and specific training. The lack of training limits adequate care, particularly in the early detection and management of complex cases. The study suggests that future research should delve deeper into these issues, broadening perspectives that ensure improvements in clinical practices and the promotion of health, well-being, and quality of life.

Introduction: Photobiomodulation is a noninvasive therapy used with neonates and children, with promising results due to its analgesic, antimicrobial, and reparative actions. Objective: To describe the available evidence on the use of photobiomodulation in nursing care for neonates and children. Materials and Methods: This is a structured scoping review based on the methodological guidelines of the Joanna Briggs Institute. The PCC mnemonic was applied, where P stands for population (neonates and children), C for concept (photobiomodulation), and C for context (healthcare). The databases searched were Web of Science, Science Direct, Embase, PubMed via MEDLINE, LILACS, BDEnf, WPRIM, and IBECS via the Virtual Health Library (VHL); in addition to the repositories: Preprints bioRxiv, Thesis and Dissertation Catalog, and OpenGrey. The results followed the guidelines from the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist. Results: The final sample consisted of 11 studies, with a focus on diode laser application, all developed in the field of dentistry. It was evident that photobiomodulation is a promising and effective non-pharmacological method in nursing care for neonates and children. Conclusions: Photobiomodulation has a broad spectrum of action and is consolidating itself as a promising, safe, and easily applicable non-pharmacological treatment in child health care.