ISSN: 2310-2799
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636,460 artículos
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Año:
2024
ISSN:
2215-3535, 0258-6444
García Valcárcel, Marina; Moral-Jiménez, María de la Villa; García Valcárcel, Marina; Moral-Jiménez, María de la Villa; García Valcárcel, Marina; Moral-Jiménez, María de la Villa
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Objective. The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between emotional dependence and psychological abuse by controlling and manipulative behaviors both perpetrated and victimized in dating relationships through social networks. Method. 122 Spanish young people aged between 18 and 32 years old (x = 21.89; DT = 2.14) were selected. Emotional dependence has been evaluated, as well as partner violence in Social Networks. Results. It was proven that there is a positive relationship between emotional dependence and psychological abuse in the form of cyber control and cyber aggression. Young people with emotional dependence have higher average scores than non-dependent youth in victimization related to cybercontrol. It was found that there are no statistically significant differences based on gender and age in both perpetration and victimization due to cyber control. Intervention must be done to avoid the normalization and legitimization of cybercontrol behaviors and psychological abuse in couple relationships.
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Año:
2024
ISSN:
2215-3535, 0258-6444
Román-Quirós, Rafael; Blanco-Molina, Mauricio; Pinazo-Hernandis, Sacramento; Sahagun-Navarro, Marta; Román-Quirós, Rafael; Blanco-Molina, Mauricio; Pinazo-Hernandis, Sacramento; Sahagun-Navarro, Marta; Román-Quirós, Rafael; Blanco-Molina, Mauricio; Pinazo-Hernandis, Sacramento; Sahagun-Navarro, Marta
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Objective. The aim of this study was to show evidence of the Spirituality Index for the elderly in Costa Rica. Method. 282 elders participated (M = 64 years, SD = 7.55) and data was collected in the Great Metropolitan Area between 2015 and 2016. Results. A Confirmatory Factor Analysis showed validity evidence indicating a one-dimensional structure (χ2 = 21.03, gl = 9, p = .001; CFI = .997; TLI = .994; RMSEA = .094 [.041 - .148], SRMR = .022). Reliability, as indicated by Cronbach's alpha and McDonald’s omega, demonstrated adequate internal consistency (.91). Validity evidence was also found with Temporal Life Satisfaction (r = .263, p = .001) and Psychological Well-Being (r = .173, p < .01). The results suggest that the Spirituality Index for the elderly is a satisfactory indicator to measure spirituality in Costa Rican elders.
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Año:
2024
ISSN:
2215-3535, 0258-6444
Lugo González, Isaías Vicente; Lugo González, Isaías Vicente; Lugo González, Isaías Vicente
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Objective. The effects of a common-sense and self-regulation model-based intervention to increase adherence behaviors and asthma control were valuated. Method. We tested an A-B and follow-up design, replicating the intervention with five women, ages between 25 and 55. The treatment was applied over three 90-minute sessions based on the following strategies: psychoeducation, reattribution, problem-solving, and objective feedback. Effects were assessed with standardized and behavioral measures of adherence, asthma control and pulmonary obstruction measurement over a period of 28-75 days, using visual analysis, effect size and clinical significance. Results. The increase in adherence behaviors for phase B and follow-up had a moderate-strong effect (NAP = .86-1, p < .01). In the case of asthma control, there were significant clinical effects (RCI = 2.32-5.42), as well as in pulmonary obstruction where patients decreased it between 11%-40%.
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Año:
2024
ISSN:
2215-3535, 0258-6444
Vegas, María Isabel; Mateos-Agut, Manuel; Vegas, María Isabel; Mateos-Agut, Manuel; Vegas, María Isabel; Mateos-Agut, Manuel
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Objective. To analyze the relationship between family conflicts and other stressful family situations with aggression in adolescents. Method. A total of 1193 Spanish adolescents aged 14 to 18 years were selected from 51 educational centers or juvenile centers. The Buss and Perry Aggression Questionnaire –BPAQ– was used. Results. Family conflict and poor school grades were risk factors for physical aggression, anger and hostility; the absence of parental figures was a risk factor for anger and hostility; and economic or work-related difficulties were a risk factor for hostility. Hostility correlated positively with all of the stressful family factors analyzed and emerged as a variable simultaneously linked to the increase in family conflicts, family stress, and adolescent physical aggression. Intervention proposals are suggested.
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Año:
2024
ISSN:
2215-3535, 0258-6444
Romero-Barquero, Cecilia Enith; Salazar Salas, Carmen Grace; Romero-Barquero, Cecilia Enith; Salazar Salas, Carmen Grace; Romero-Barquero, Cecilia Enith; Salazar Salas, Carmen Grace
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Objetivo. Este metaanálisis (MA) tuvo como objetivo evaluar la efectividad de la recreación en la autoestima y analizar posibles variables moderadoras. Método. Se incluyeron cincuenta y cinco estudios, con 3782 participantes y 117 tamaños del efecto (TE). Los análisis comprendieron el diseño intragrupos, el modelo de efectos aleatorios, el estadístico Q y la inconsistencia con el I₂. Resultados. Se encontró que el TE del grupo experimental fue moderado, positivo y significativo (TE = .70). Los programas recreativos mejoraron significativamente la autoestima. Además, el tipo de liderazgo de la actividad, el tipo de actividad recreativa y la condición de la muestra fueron variables que moderaron significativamente el TE de la autoestima. Se recomienda ofrecer actividades recreativas a personas de 9.5 a 79 años.
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Año:
2024
ISSN:
2215-3535, 0258-6444
Aquino González, Victoria Aydeé; Sánchez Miranda, Martha Patricia; de la Garza González, Arturo; Aquino González, Victoria Aydeé; Sánchez Miranda, Martha Patricia; de la Garza González, Arturo; Aquino González, Victoria Aydeé; Sánchez Miranda, Martha Patricia; de la Garza González, Arturo
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Objective. The purpose of the study was to determine the statistical validity of the Aesthetic Perception Scale (APS) from Ulrich’s Stress Recovery Theory in a Mexican sample. Method. The instrument was administered to 263 participants aged 18 to 24, of whom 76% were women. Exploratory factor analyses, confirmatory factor analyses, psychometric network analyses, and reliability analyses were conducted. Additionally, the instrument was administered in conjunction with the Restoration Perception Scale (RPS) to assess convergent validity. Results. Adequate goodness-of-fit values, levels of internal consistency, and validity were achieved. Four factors were identified, which explain 54% of the total accumulated variance. Results are discussed in terms of instrument validity and the comparison between analysis methods.
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Año:
2024
ISSN:
2215-3535, 0258-6444
de Carvalho Cammarota Weilemann Belo, Luísa; Senra, Luciana Xavier; de Carvalho Cammarota Weilemann Belo, Luísa; Senra, Luciana Xavier; de Carvalho Cammarota Weilemann Belo, Luísa; Senra, Luciana Xavier
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Objective. The goal of this paper was to provide a comprehensive overview of the literature focusing on the influence of self-efficacy on performance and learning of motor skills in adults. Method. A systematic literature review examining studies indexed in PubMed, Cochrane, Scielo, PsycArticles, and Pepsic databases was conducted. The following characteristics were extracted from the selected articles: authors and year of publication, publication journal, hypothesis (predictor and criterion variables), sample characteristics, and risk of bias using the PEDro scale. Results. Analysis of the sixteen studies reveals a positive association between self-efficacy and motor performance, and in some studies, with learning. Strategies used to influence self-efficacy varied considerably among studies. There is no consensus on the best approach to influence the interpretation of this construct in adult motor skills training.
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Año:
2024
ISSN:
2215-3535, 0258-6444
Mora-Benambourg, José Manuel; Marín-Picado, Bradly; Mora-Benambourg, José Manuel; Marín-Picado, Bradly; Mora-Benambourg, José Manuel; Marín-Picado, Bradly
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Objective. The improvement of cognitive skills has become an issue of particular interest nowadays. It is still being determined if techniques like mental imagery (MI) could generate cognitive enhancement via modulation of neural brain activity. This study aimed to provide information on the impact of mental imagery on implicit motor learning. Method. To test this hypothesis, an MI protocol was applied to an experimental group before performing an implicit learning (IL) task, while a control group received a sham feedback protocol. In addition, to have empirical evidence of cortical activation during MI, we made an electroencephalographic (EEG) record of motor cortex activity during baseline and during the task associated with IL. Results. The ANCOVA models all together show how the MI protocol does impact the IL process, but not as clearly as expected.
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Año:
2024
ISSN:
2215-3535, 0258-6444
Rojas Mora, Paloma; Palavecinos Tapia, Mireya; Henrriquez Fernández, Daniel; Rojas Mora, Paloma; Palavecinos Tapia, Mireya; Henrriquez Fernández, Daniel; Rojas Mora, Paloma; Palavecinos Tapia, Mireya; Henrriquez Fernández, Daniel
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Objective. To explore the meanings and uses associated to a public square in the city of Temuco, Chile. Method. It is a qualitative study, with a case study design. For data collection, situated interviews, participant observations, online surveys, and in-depth interviews with users of the square were applied in three successive stages. 211 volunteers between the ages of 18 and 65 participated in the study. Results. The main results show that there are differences linked with the uses of the square and the meanings associated with the place according to gender, age, time of residence and political tendency.
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Año:
2024
ISSN:
2215-3535, 0258-6444
Nogueira da Silva, João Paulo; da Silva Pedroso, Janari; Nogueira da Silva, João Paulo; da Silva Pedroso, Janari; Nogueira da Silva, João Paulo; da Silva Pedroso, Janari
Universidad de Costa Rica
Resumen
Objective. The objective was to describe how the legal factors at work relate to the occupational stress of forensic health professionals. We sought to identify the main work factors that constitute occupational stressors for forensic health professionals. Method. A systematic literature review was carried out with meta-synthesis, based on the Cochrane method and PRISMA-P, with eleven articles retrieved between 1987 and 2020. Results. As a result, occupational stressors that affect forensic health professionals can be divided into psychological, organizational, and legal. The theoretical conception of occupational stressors is multifaceted such as organizational, psychological, and legal, as it assesses, analyzes, and emphasizes one of these aspects of occupational stressors, depending on the theory.
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Hecho en México, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México (UNAM). 1997-2025.
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